A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India - Geological & Mining ...

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Table 3.3: Percentage of safe houses in different villagesLoad-bearing StructuresNOV NHS NHTMNHSE NHSTM NUS NUSTM PS PSTM PSOMAkhori 3 3 3 3 0 0 100 100 0Bhanaj 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0Bhatwari 3 1 2 1 1 0 66 50 50Bhiri 1 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0Chander Nager market 1 0 1 0 0 0 100 0 100Dungri 1 1 1 1 0 0 100 100 0Jabri 1 1 1 1 0 0 100 100 0Kandara 2 1 2 1 0 0 100 50 50Keda Talla 3 1 2 1 1 0 66 50 50Mukundi 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0Sari 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0Tebris 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 021 9 12 8 9 1 57 67 33Main Findings• The proportion of earthquake-safe load-bearing structures in the region hasincreased to 57% from 40% in PSI’s 2006 housing survey.• The 2006 survey reported that 46 % of load-bearing earthquake-safehouses were built by trained masons. This number has risen to 67 %.• The percentage of earthquake-safe load-bearing houses built by PSI trainedmasons has increased from 46 % to 67 %, while the percentage of safehouses built by other masons has not changed significantly from 30 % to 33%.• As a follow up to the 2006 survey, an increased use of plinth bands hasbeen noted. PSI trained masons used a plinth band in 100% ofconstructions. This is an increase from 52 % noted in the 2006 survey.Other masons used the plinth band in 45 % of constructions; this numberhas also increased from 32 % observed in the 2006 survey.Frame structures• There is a decrease in the percentage of earthquake-safe frame structuresin the region from 85 % observed in the 2006 survey to 74 % (Table 3.4).The Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitigation and Response – A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India 61
The overall proportion of newly built frame structures has increased from 40% in the 2005 survey and 24 % percent in the 2006 survey to 60 % in thecurrent survey. This decline in safe features and increase in frame structureconstruction are an indication that these techniques and practices need tobe better presented and incorporated as part of the curriculum in the trainingworkshops. The decline may be attributed to the lull in awarenesscampaigns and training workshops in this area during the past year, furthersuggesting that information needs to be presented frequently and regularlyfor successful behavior change.Table 3.4: Percentage of safe houses in different villagesFrame StructuresNOV NHS NHTM NHSE NHSTM NUS NUSTM PS PSTM PSOMAkhori 1 1 1 1 0 0 100 100 0Barngoli 1 1 1 1 0 0 100 100 0Bhanaj 1 1 1 1 0 0 100 100 0Bhatwari 4 0 3 0 1 0 75 0 100Bhiri 3 2 3 2 0 0 100 66 33Chander Nager market 2 1 2 1 0 0 100 50 50Daida 1 1 1 1 0 0 100 100 0Darshal 3 1 3 1 0 0 100 33 66Kandara 4 3 4 3 0 0 100 75 25Kalai 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0Kontha 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0Makkau 2 1 0 0 2 1 0 0 0Rawa 1 1 1 1 0 0 100 100 0Sari 4 1 1 0 3 1 25 0 25Sursal 2 0 2 0 0 0 100 0 10031 14 23 12 8 2 74 52 48Masons' Overall PerformanceThe overall performance of PSI trained masons has improved from 32 % to 63 %since the 2005 assessment. This performance was benchmarked using thenumber of safe houses constructed within this time. This is accompanied by aThe Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitigation and Response – A Case Study in Uttarakhand, Northern India 62
Page 1 and 2:
The Role of Non GovernmentalOrganis
Page 3 and 4:
Table of contentsChapter 1 - Introd
Page 5 and 6:
List of figuresFigure 1.1: Study re
Page 7 and 8:
preparedness, and has potential to
Page 9 and 10:
This case study investigates the im
Page 11 and 12:
• What are homeowner perceptions
Page 13 and 14:
Seismic activity in this area is du
Page 15 and 16:
The study comprises two regions: St
Page 17 and 18: 1.4.1 - b Study Area B- Almora dist
Page 19 and 20: etc. operational). The study involv
Page 21 and 22: Chapter 2 - Theoretical Orientation
Page 23 and 24: 2.1.2 VulnerabilityVulnerability is
Page 25 and 26: of a disaster everyone knows how to
Page 27 and 28: disaster management in the country,
Page 29 and 30: Despite the apparent increased cons
Page 31 and 32: 2.3.1 Disaster Mitigation and Prepa
Page 33 and 34: save lives. This event marked a pri
Page 35 and 36: Systems technologies and education
Page 37 and 38: As suggested previously, there is a
Page 39 and 40: on the main agenda (Benson et al, 2
Page 41 and 42: Frame structureFramed structures ha
Page 43 and 44: The curriculum of the PSI workshops
Page 45 and 46: Figure 2.2a: Community based disast
Page 47 and 48: district irrespective of the fact t
Page 49 and 50: etrofitting, monitoring and homeown
Page 51 and 52: structures as an alarming forty-fiv
Page 53 and 54: Reponses for what features masons t
Page 55 and 56: trained masons in the Study Area A
Page 57 and 58: ecommended that a similar study be
Page 59 and 60: 3.1.2b Awareness and Dissemination
Page 61 and 62: It is interesting to note that when
Page 63 and 64: Community based disaster preparedne
Page 65 and 66: 3.1.3 - Section 3 Housing Impact As
Page 67: Load-bearing1.single steel rod in e
Page 71 and 72: etween stirrups of 6-12 inches. Alt
Page 73 and 74: Table 3.7: Percentage of safe house
Page 75 and 76: 3.2 DiscussionThe discussion segmen
Page 77 and 78: In Study Area A the number of earth
Page 79 and 80: 2) mitigation measures were taken i
Page 81 and 82: 3.3 ConclusionsIn conclusion, the s
Page 83 and 84: ReferencesAlexander, D., 1997. The
Page 85 and 86: Guptasarma, D. 1996. Is the Seismic
Page 87 and 88: Telford, J. and Cosgrave, J., 2007.
Page 89 and 90: Annex I - Earthquake safe featuresT
Page 91 and 92: The Role of NGOs in Disaster Mitiga
Page 97 and 98: Annex 2 - Mason Interview ResultsSt
Page 99 and 100: 11. How to make such a course more
Page 101 and 102: sloped roof 0 0 0 0.00 0.00 1 2.78s
Page 103 and 104: 17. Do homeowners request earthquak
Page 105 and 106: light roof 1 0 1 2.78 0 0.00RCC 1 3
Page 107 and 108: 6. How long have you lived in the v
Page 109 and 110: 16. Do you have an emergency commun
Page 111 and 112: 26. What activities related to the
Page 113 and 114: 36. Would you prefer traditional ma
Page 115 and 116: Appendix IV - Breakdown of earthqua
Page 117: Appendix IV - Breakdown of earthqua
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