awej 5 no.4 full issue 2014

AWEJ Volume.5 Number.3, 2014Dialogic Signs of Resistance: a Case Study of ReadingAbu-Shomar & AbuHilalassumptions from a diasporic and hybrid „third space positioning‟, which brings about nondogmaticaccounts while practicing critique.Attempting a colonial discourse analysis, the students practiced a genre of discursive dialogue inand out-side the text, which invites them to recall and discuss a plethora of relevant texts andissues, particularly contemporary ones. In so doing, dialogic practice creates further spaces inwhich to construct their multiple realisations and locations through which they enunciate theirviews. The following extract exemplifies the way the students dialogue, digress, and elaboratearound this theme.[… He (Kurtz) began his argument that ‘we white, from the point of development we hadarrived at, ‘must necessarily appear to them [savages] in the nature of supernatural beings –we approach them with the might as of a deity’, and so on. ‘By the simple exercise of our willwe can exert a power for good practically unbounded’ etc. etc.… (p. 117].Ali: such a text points out that they want to justify their mission in Congo, they say that thismission is a noble one and we are going to make people more civilised in this primitive areabut at the end we discover that this mission is not a noble one/ they justify their mission underthe umbrella of civilisationMuhammad: I think this text is not to justify but to convey an opinion of colonialism/ wecome to Congo to make people civilised/ that’s true, nowadays we hear something similarthings but the difference is only in terminology/ now, we hear a lot about freedom the equalitybetween men and women, the human rightsAli: yes, for example IraqMuhammad: not only Iraq, look at JordanAli: When Bush in his campaign told us that he wanted to establish democracy in Iraq, andfreedom for the sake of Iraqis but what we see now is not what he claimed/ it’s quite opposite/also we have a real reason and a good reason/ the good reason we want to develop peopleand make them civilised and the real reason remains inside mindsMuhammad: we can say surface meaning and deep meaningSaid: it’s a kind of hypocrisy (G1, S2).The lines Marlow reads from Kurtz‟s report triggered the students‟ reactions and responsestowards colonial discourse. In simple expressions with profound meanings, the students attemptto explain how colonial powers authorise their presence and domination of other people and theirland. The congenial flow of the students‟ dialogue implies accordance in their views, which is anotable feature of other related themes. It could be argued that, in reaction to Kurtz‟s ideas, thestudents adopt a consistent vision and argument, which indicates that they locate themselves inone position that of the „other‟. In their defence as well as in their reference to Iraq, they not onlyconnect Kurtz‟s discourse to contemporary issues, but also thoroughly understand the tools ofcolonial language, which appears, for example, in Ali‟s phrases real/good reason orMuhammad‟s surface/deep meaning. Said, who once approved Marlow‟s representation ofAfricans as uncivilised and Africa as full of cannibals, also joins the group in their criticism ofcolonial issues, which is typical of the other students. Additionally, the argument expressed inthis example suggests concern about currently circulated discourse such as freedom, man/womanequality, human rights. It could also be argued that bringing these issues into the discussion overcolonial discourse reflects the students‟ concern for their cultural image, since recently theseissues are largely argued in the Arab world.The message of enlightening the „other‟ operates strongly in colonial discourse (Said, 1978,1983; Ashcroft, et al. 1989). The students‟ reading, analysis, and discussion of textual recallingArab World English JournalISSN: 2229-9327www.awej.org166