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To help, or to do no harm 107On Treatments is provided by the Methodist writer Caelius Aurelianus, whois not a very sympathetic reporter of Diocles’ therapeutic views. Yet somefragments allow us to get some impression of the difference of emphasisbetween the two works. Thus in Acute Affections 3.17.159 (= Diocles, fr.125), Caelius discusses Diocles’ views on the treatment of ileus (intestinaldisorder):Diocles autem libro, quo de passionibus atque causis et curationibus scribit, phlebotomatin passione constitutos atque cataplasmatibus curat ex polline, quodGraeci omen lysin uocant, et adipe et uino et faece. tunc praepotat atque clysterizatex abrotani semine cum mulsa ex aceto et aristolochia et cumino et nitro etfoeniculi radice decocta ex uino admixta aqua marina uel passo uel acriore uinosiue lacte cum decoctione lini seminis et mellis uel similibus. Quarto autem librode curationibus‘Iuuenes’, inquit, ‘atque habitudine robustos et magis, quibus dolor ad laterafertur phlebotomandos probo ex manu dextera interiore[m] uena[m] etsubmittendos in aquam calidam, fotis uentri inicere admixto sale clysterem etrursum in aquam calidam deponere et fouere.’praepotandos autem iubet etiam medicamentis, hoc est panacis dimidia drachmain mulso ex aceto tepido resoluta et myrrhae obolos duos cum peristereonis herbaefoliis in uino albo uel cumino Aethiopico.‘Adiuuat etiam plurimos plumbi catapotium transuoratum, impellit enim pondereet excludit obtrudentia.’diurnis inquit praeterea diebus sitientibus potandum uinum dulce uel aqua[m]temperatum aut marinam cum uino albo aut centauream herbam aut nitrum ueleius spumam, ut ea, quae potuerit, soluat.‘Danda etiam sorbilia uel cantabria lotura cum melle uel bromi sucus uel ptisanaeaut cum farina olera cocta, alia ex adipe, alia ex alica atque sale; sorbendum etiamet iuscellum scari piscis et carabi et bucinarum et cancrorum. tunc resumptio’,inquit, ‘adhibenda’,cuius quidem materies percurrerit, quas superfluum est recensere. etenim ex supradictisuana atque iners commixtio materiarum demonstratur. Non enim solosoportet iuuenes phlebotomari, sed etiam alios in aliis aetatibus constitutos, nequesemper e dextera manu uel interiore uena, sed etiam ex sinistra atque exteriore facta.detractio enim tumentia relaxat, usus autem acrimoniae causa erigit inferuorem tumentia. est praeterea uexabilis praebibendi medicaminis potio. etenimsunt acria atque mordentia et quae non sint mitigatiua celeritatis neque tumorisrelaxantia. plumbum uero transuoratum premit quidem atque impellit pondere,sed tactu necessario frigidat atque intestina densitate coacta uexatione distendit.iuscella autem in corruptione facilia et inflantia esse noscuntur, item ptisana[e]eadem perficere, uinum quoque in augmento inimicum. 1515 Text according to Bendz and Pape (1990–3) vol. I, 386–8.
108 Hippocratic Corpus and Diocles of CarystusDiocles, in the book in which he writes on affections, causes and treatments,applies venesection to those in whom the affection [sc. ileus] has established itselfand treats them with poultices from the flour which the Greeks call ōmē lusis, fat,wine and lees. Then he gives them something to drink first and applies a clysterconsisting of the seed of abrotanum mixed with oxymel, and of birthwort, cumin,nitre, fennel root decocted in wine mixed with sea water, or raisin wine, or moreacid wine, or milk with a decoction of linseed and honey, or similar things. Again,in the fourth book on treatments he says:‘For young people and those whose normal constitution is strong, and all themore for those in whom the pain stretches to the sides [of the body], I recommendvenesection from the right hand, or from the internal vein, and bathingin hot water, and when they have got warm to inject in the belly a clyster mixedwith salt, and then again to put them in hot water and to warm them.’But he prescribes also that they should be given drugs to drink first, namely halfa drachm of allheal dissolved in lukewarm oxymel, and two obols of myrrh withleaves of holy vervain in white wine, or with Ethiopian cumin.‘Most patients also benefit from swallowing a lead pill, for it drives the obstructingmaterial away by its heaviness and expels it.’Moreover, he says that patients who are thirsty should daily be given wine that issweet or mixed with water, or sea water mixed with white wine, or centaury, ornitre, or soda, in order to dissolve as much as possible.‘One should also give soupy food, such as bran water with honey, or a gruel ofoats or of pearl barley, or vegetables cooked with flour, some with fat, otherswith spelt groats and salt; the patient should also swallow a broth made fromparrot wrasse, crayfish, bucinas and crabs. Then’, he says, ‘a convalescense cureshould be applied’,of which he lists the materials, which it is superfluous to enumerate; for from theabove it is evident that this mixture of stuffs is useless and unskilful. For one shouldvenesect not only young people, but also people of other ages, and not always fromthe right hand or the interior vein, but also from the left hand and from the exteriorvein. For after a withdrawal has been carried out, this gives relief to the swellingparts, but the use of clysters, due to their acid quality, causes the swelling parts toburn. Moreover, the drinking of drugs beforehand is irritating, for these are sharpand biting, and [are things] that do not soothe the acute state nor bring relief tothe swelling parts. Swallowed lead, to be sure, presses and drives [the obstructingmaterial] by its heaviness, but necessarily on contact cools and stretches the denselycompacted intestines in an irritating manner. Broths are known to go off easilyand to cause flatulency, and barley gruel to bring about the same effect; wine, too,is harmful when the disease is in its increasing phase. 1616 Translation according to van der Eijk (2000a) 213–17.
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MEDICINE AND PHILOSOPHYIN CLASSICAL
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CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESSCambridge
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ContentsAcknowledgementsNote on tra
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AcknowledgementsSince the original
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AcknowledgementsI should further li
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Note on abbreviationsAbbreviations
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2 Medicine and Philosophy in Classi
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10 Medicine and Philosophy in Class
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Introduction 23‘Hippocratic writi
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Introduction 25(cf. fr. 56), his re
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Introduction 27do not make a catego
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Introduction 29versatility. In chap
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Introduction 31had to present their
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Introduction 33and assert themselve
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Introduction 35is disagreement abou
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Introduction 37this is not sufficie
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Introduction 39practical applicatio
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Introduction 41from Pergamum. And,
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part iHippocratic Corpus and Diocle
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46 Hippocratic Corpus and Diocles o
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Page 152: part iiAristotle and his school
Page 155 and 156: 140 Aristotle and his schoolit woul
Page 157 and 158: 142 Aristotle and his schoolmovemen
Page 159 and 160: 144 Aristotle and his schoolbut not
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158 Aristotle and his schoolto a la
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160 Aristotle and his school(954 a
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162 Aristotle and his schoolto use
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164 Aristotle and his schoolonly cl
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166 Aristotle and his school(Pr. 95
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168 Aristotle and his schoolmade by
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170 Aristotle and his schoolof expe
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172 Aristotle and his schoolalso in
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174 Aristotle and his school
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176 Aristotle and his school(either
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178 Aristotle and his school8. Inse
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180 Aristotle and his schoolbuilt o
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182 Aristotle and his schoolrefers
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184 Aristotle and his schoolsense-m
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186 Aristotle and his schoolwhich a
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188 Aristotle and his school9. Fore
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190 Aristotle and his schoolThe rat
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192 Aristotle and his schoolthe opp
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194 Aristotle and his schoolIt is f
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196 Aristotle and his schoolAristot
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198 Aristotle and his schoolsmall m
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200 Aristotle and his schoolBut the
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202 Aristotle and his schoolat nigh
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204 Aristotle and his schoolThis po
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chapter 7The matter of mind: Aristo
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208 Aristotle and his schooland to
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210 Aristotle and his schoolto a la
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212 Aristotle and his schooland cog
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214 Aristotle and his schoolpower t
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216 Aristotle and his schoolthe ani
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218 Aristotle and his schoolrole of
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220 Aristotle and his schoolis some
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222 Aristotle and his school .
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224 Aristotle and his schoolin De a
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226 Aristotle and his schooland of
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228 Aristotle and his schoolSeveral
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230 Aristotle and his school( ). 7
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232 Aristotle and his schoolmay eas
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234 Aristotle and his schoolsaid to
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236 Aristotle and his schoolIt is p
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chapter 8Divine movement and human
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240 Aristotle and his schoolThis pr
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242 Aristotle and his schoolalso wo
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244 Aristotle and his schoolmoral),
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246 Aristotle and his schoolshould
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248 Aristotle and his schooland in
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250 Aristotle and his school1248 a
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252 Aristotle and his schoolLines 3
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254 Aristotle and his schoolto
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256 Aristotle and his schoolprefera
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258 Aristotle and his schoolIn the
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260 Aristotle and his schoolAmong t
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262 Aristotle and his schooldoctrin
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264 Aristotle and his school in o
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266 Aristotle and his schoolof ,
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268 Aristotle and his schoolof the
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270 Aristotle and his schoolknown i
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272 Aristotle and his schoolhas bee
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274 Aristotle and his schoolbeen in
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part iiiLate antiquity
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280 Late antiquityindispensable ins
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282 Late antiquityhotly debated que
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284 Late antiquitybe executed with
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286 Late antiquity‘powers’ () i
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288 Late antiquitysome drugs work
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290 Late antiquitymost of the quali
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292 Late antiquityand On the Sects,
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294 Late antiquitydistinction Galen
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296 Late antiquitychanged into some
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298 Late antiquitymay suggest the i
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300 Late antiquityTo be sure, there
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302 Late antiquityTo be sure, Caeli
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304 Late antiquityremarkably under-
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306 Late antiquityof these tensions
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308 Late antiquitythe pneuma to res
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310 Late antiquityYet as for the wo
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312 Late antiquityAnd even if this
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314 Late antiquity(18) antecedens a
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316 Late antiquityabove (and their
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318 Late antiquityThe addition ‘w
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320 Late antiquityYet if all parts
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322 Late antiquitycombining accurat
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324 Late antiquityway of treatment
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326 Late antiquityis treated by die
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BibliographyAbel, K. (1958), ‘Die
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330 Bibliography(1983), ‘Ancient
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332 BibliographyBoncampagni, R. (19
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334 BibliographyCambiano, G. and Re
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336 Bibliography(1989), ‘Menstrua
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338 BibliographyDierbach, J. H. (18
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340 BibliographyEemeren, F. van, Gr
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342 Bibliography(1868), Über den S
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344 BibliographyFrère, J., (1983),
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346 BibliographyGrensemann, H. (196
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348 BibliographyHanson, A. E. and M
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350 BibliographyHymes, D. (1972),
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352 BibliographyKassies, W. (1999),
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354 BibliographyKühner, R. and Ger
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356 Bibliography(1984), ‘Aristotl
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358 BibliographyLuria, S. (1927),
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360 BibliographyMiller, G. L. (1990
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362 BibliographyNewhall, S. (1911),
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364 BibliographyPellegrin, P. (1988
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366 BibliographyRedard, G. (1953),
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368 BibliographySaunders, T. J. (19
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370 Bibliography(1995b), ‘The poe
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372 BibliographyStein, E. (1990), A
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374 BibliographyTorraca, L. (1965),
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376 BibliographyWebb,P.(1982), ‘B
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378 Bibliography(1992a), Aristotle
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380 Index of passages cited427 b 15
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382 Index of passages cited462 a 15
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384 Index of passages cited1248 a 3
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386 Index of passages citedOeconomi
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388 Index of passages cited2.1.5 31
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390 Index of passages cited1.1.7-8
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392 Index of passages cited3.4 (1.6
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394 Index of passages cited14 (1.60
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General indexabortive 102Academy, e
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398 General indexcultural history o
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400 General indexGourevitch, D. 316
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402 General indexnutrition 177nutri
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404 General indexsun 62; as cause o
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