ocp192_en

European CommissionThe Second Economic Adjustment Programme for Greece. Fourth ReviewBox 12. Product Market Reforms – A heatmapThis heatmap compares Greece's scores relative to other EU, OECD and emerging economies. Two findings stand out:• Greece has made headway in product market reforms. Most indicators have improved since the crisis.• However, in many dimensions, Greece's score remains below the average performance of the comparison group.Furthermore, the crisis has led to back-sliding in some areas, such as on resolving insolvencies.2008 Change 2013OECDReform Responsiveness 2 ↑ 1Reform Responsiveness Adjusted for Reform Difficulty 1 ↑ 1OECD FDI Restrictiveness 2 ↑ 2Product Market Regulation 4 ↑ 3State Control 4 ↑ 4Barriers to Entrepreneurship 4 ↑ 3Barriers to Trade and Investment 3 ↑ 3Retail distribution 4 ↑ 3Energy 4 ↑ 3Transport 4 ↑ 3Communication 2 ↑ 2Accounting 1 → 1Architecture 3 ↑ 3Engineering 4 ↑ 3Legal 4 ↑ 4Doing BusinessOverall 4 ↑ 4Starting a business 4 ↑ 2Dealing with contruction permits 2 ↑ 2Getting electricity 2 ↓ 3Registering property 4 ↓ 4Getting credit 4 ↑ 3Protecting investors 4 ↑ 3Paying taxes 2 ↑ 2Trading across borders 3 ↑ 3Enforcing contracts 4 ↓ 4Resolving insolvency 3 ↓ 4Source: OECD and World Bank. Notes: Lower values and lighter colour are better.Colours and numbers are assigned as follows: red (4) refers to a value more than one standard deviation below the mean; orange (3)to a value between the mean and one standard deviation below the mean; dark blue (2) to a value between the mean and onestandard deviation above the mean; and light blue (1) to a value above one standard deviation above the mean. An arrow pointingupwards (downwards) means that Greece's score improved (worsened) since the crisis. A horizontal arrow means no change. Thenumber of countries varies depending on data availability between 28 and 46.For the reform responsiveness indicators, 2008 refers to 2009-10, and 2013 to 2011-12. For FDI restrictiveness, 2008 refers to 2006.For getting electricity, 2008 refers to 2009.3.5.1. Promoting an efficient and competitive business environment101. Product market reforms have advanced in key areas in support of the business environment sinceJuly 2013:• Barriers to competition have been removed in the sectors of building material, foodprocessing, retail trade and tourism. With support of the OECD and the Hellenic CompetitionCommission, the Government uncovered over 300 provisions harmful to competition in thesesectors. They include, among others, restrictions on asphalt and quarries and mines for buildingmaterials; on bakeries and milk production for food processing; on Sunday trade, sales anddiscounts, the establishment of pharmacies and the trading and pricing of over-the-counterproducts for retail trade; and on car rentals, cruises, marinas and tourist buses for tourism. Thestudy also identified restrictions on land use, logistics and truck licenses as well as third-partylevies on advertisement, cement and flour. Abolishing such provisions is expected to lead to lower52