enhancing food security and physical activity for maori, pacific and ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Enhancing Food Security and Physical Activity for Māori, Pacific and Low-income PeoplesImpacting of the food security and physical activity ‘systems’Combining complexity theory 2 and the ANGELO framework 3 enabled the research teamto identify interventions to enhance food security and physical activity. Complexitytheory suggests that multiple interventions will be required to impact on multiple keyplaces (control parameters) operating across complex social systems, such as thesystems that determine food security and physical activity. 2 The ANGELO frameworksuggests that interventions should also seek to work across political, socio-cultural,economic and physical environments within complex systems. 3When developing an implementation plan, it is recommended that interventions whichimpact on control parameters should be prioritised because they are likely to have mostimpact on the system. Moreover, interventions, such as the development of a ‘smartcard’ food voucher system, that impact on multiple control parameters should beprioritised because of the extent to which they impact on the system. It is important tonote that the full impact of any intervention may not be realised until the portfolio ofinterventions is implemented. Within each intervention area displayed in Tables 8.1 and8.2, a number of recommended actions have been made. The full set ofrecommendations is provided at the end of this chapter. Each recommendation includesa suggestion of the organisations that may have a role in its implementation. Eachrecommendation also includes a suggested prioritisation which is intended to assist ininforming the timing of resource allocation but not to signal the two or three interventionsto be cherry-picked from the portfolio and implemented in isolation.The portfolio of interventions was developed according to methodology developed bySwinburn et al 1 that involved the clearly articulated and transparent judgement of groupsof experts. This was further supported by literature reviews or scans and detailedinterviews with key stakeholders. The success of any intervention portfolio will be theinclusion of multiple interventions, across multiple environments, encompassing actionacross sectors, with a focus on changing the food security and physical activity systems.A coherent complex systems intervention logic and evidence of intervention efficacy willincrease the likelihood of successfully enhancing physical activity and food security.While the portfolio of interventions is based on the best evidence to date, it does not ruleout the inclusion of additional interventions that impact on the control parameters in thefood security and physical activity systems, nor alternative interventions beingconsidered if current ones prove unachievable or research evidence changes.ENHANCING Food SecurityTo enhance the social system for food security, three control parameters were identifiedin phase two of the research. In phase three, eleven potential interventions were thenselected from the workshops in phase three to impact on the three control parameters.The control parameters and interventions are shown in Table 8-1 below. Fiveinterventions were selected to impact on the money available in households to spend onfood, three interventions focused on food purchasing influences, and three interventionswere selected to impact on the cost of healthy nutritious foods. Removing Goods andServices Tax (GST) from healthy basic foods is included in the chapter on the potentialuse of economic instruments.205
Enhancing Food Security and Physical Activity for Māori, Pacific and Low-income PeoplesTable 8-1 – Food security control parameters and selected interventionsControl ParameterInterventionMoney available in households Potential uses of economic instrumentsIncreasing the statutory minimum wage rateFull and correct benefit entitlementsFringe lender responsibilityProvision of free or subsidised food in schoolsFood purchasing influences Enhancing cooking skillsIwi pan tribal development of traditional Māori foodsourcesCommunity markets, community gardens, andimproving access to foodCost of healthy nutritious food Community-based initiativesThe potential role of the food industryRemoving GST from healthy basic foodsFrom the detailed analysis of the selected interventions (see relevant chapters for fulldiscussion), recommendations are made for action in all except removing GST fromhealthy nutritious food.Figure 8-1 below shows a representation of the food security system that indicateswhere the selected interventions are likely to impact (interventions are entered inmultiple places as appropriate). The food security system description included in Figure8-1 is based on the focus group information from phase one of the research, altered tointegrate information from the literature review; and the final control parameters chosenas the focus for phases three and four of this study. It reflects the final controlparameters chosen for analysis (in bold), the identified interventions (in pale blue) andthe type of environment being impacted on according to the ANGELO framework. 3 Somesystem elements impact on more than one environment. Those with influences onmultiple environments are illustrated with two coloured boxes (eg, in this figure overlapbetween political and economic environments is identified).As can be seen in Figure 8-1 at least two interventions impact on each of the threecontrol parameters. Most interventions not only impact on control parameters but onother system elements as well, strengthening their likely impact on the system as awhole. Elements across the four ANGELO framework environments are also beingimpacted upon.While the selected interventions clearly impact on a range of system elements, there area few gaps not impacted upon. No intervention was selected at the production or retaillevel to impact on the variety of foods available in New Zealand, although theintervention on the role of the food industry indirectly covers some of these areas. Also,no interventions were selected to impact on culturally-specific expenses, such as churchor extended family commitments. These omissions in part reflect gaps in the evidence.They also reflect the prioritisation of experts at the phase three workshops, and toosome extent the skills of the research team.All interventions are important for enhancing food security. Some interventions may bebetter implemented before others to increase their impact. For example, teachingcooking skills may not alter food purchasing practice until availability of healthy foods206
Page 1 and 2:
ENHANCING FOOD SECURITYAND PHYSICAL
Page 3:
Enhancing Food Security and Physica
Page 8 and 9:
Page 10 and 11:
Page 12 and 13:
Page 14 and 15:
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52 and 53:
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159: Enhancing Food Security and Physica
show all

enhancing food security and physical activity for maori, pacific and ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?