enhancing food security and physical activity for maori, pacific and ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

Enhancing Food Security and Physical Activity for Māori, Pacific and Low-income Peoplesdevelopment will follow from research and evaluation activities. Inclusion of streetconnectivity and urban design principles to enhance physical activity within a NationalPolicy Statement on urban design is one example. More research is needed beforeurban design practice is directed to impact on physical activity. However, minor policydevelopment work is required in the shorter term for all interventions. For example, it isnot clear where responsibility currently resides for leadership and strategic developmentfor capacity building amongst providers of culturally-specific physical activityprogrammes. Without leadership and coordination in this area the knowledge transferbetween evaluation activities and policy development is likely to be ad hoc at best.The full set of recommendations relating to physical activity is presented at the end ofthis chapter. An attempt has been made to identify organisations with a responsibility foradvancing action in these areas. Providers, iwi, pan tribal organisations, localgovernment, research organisations and central government departments all have a roleto play. Overall, strategic leadership may best rest with central government, as theability to join the dots between disparate programmes, natural experiments, andresearch activities is required. The recommendations also have implications fortendering and funding of physical activity programmes, which will require refinement ofprocesses in the short term.Interventions to ENHANCE food security and physical activityWhile enhancing food security and physical activity require very different interventionsfrom each other, there is also cross-over. For example, in the focus group work withMāori, Pacific and low income people the link between diet and physical activity wasraised by a number of participants. Interventions such as ensuring full and correctbenefit entitlement may also facilitate greater participation in physical activityprogrammes. Physical space is required for community markets and gardens. Land usemix and transport links within a community will impact on accessibility and, ultimately,effectiveness of community food initiatives.Throughout the five workshops in phase three of the study, two interventions werecommonly identified to enhance both food security and physical activity. These wereHealth Impact Assessment (HIA) and building on current initiatives, as indicated in Table8-3. Both interventions have the potential to impact on more than one control parameter,depending on the context in which they are employed.Table 8-3 Cross cutting interventionsControl ParameterInterventionA range of controlHIAs on issues related to food security and physicalparametersactivityA range of controlBuilding on current initiativesparametersIt has been established that food security and physical activity emerge from complexsocial systems. HIA is a policy tool to assess potential interaction of draft or proposedpolicies or practices. 4 HIA utilises a wide range of information to predict possible positiveand negative impacts of interventions and is therefore appropriate for examining thepotential impact of interventions within complex systems. It is impossible to have perfectinformation regarding complex social systems so tools like HIA, which sit between initialintervention design and implementation, are vital.209
Enhancing Food Security and Physical Activity for Māori, Pacific and Low-income PeoplesThere appear to be many nutrition and physical activity initiatives underway that could bebuilt on, including programmes run by Pacific Islands Heartbeat and Te Hotu ManawaMāori. A number have been identified throughout this report. In order for this to occursustainable government funding is required; capacity needs to be built to strengthen andextend such programmes; effective programmes need to be identified, either through theHealthy Eating Healthy Action evaluation or an environmental scan, particularly inrelation to food security initiatives; and robust research and evaluation needs to beundertaken of current programmes.This research has built on previous international and national research on food securityand physical activity. 5 It has added innovative New Zealand research to strengthenevidence in relation to Māori, Pacific and low-income New Zealanders. It has taken acomprehensive approach to these challenging social issues and provided a suite ofinterventions to address them. In doing so, it has moved away from individual solutionsto complex social problems. It has also taken an environmental focus, emphasising theneed to impact on the environment in which people live their lives. 3Strengths and weaknesses of this researchA key strength of the ENHANCE research project is its mixed methods design andbreadth. It has integrated two comprehensive literature reviews; focus group data;theoretical development using complexity theory and the ANGELO framework; outputsfrom workshops with relevant experts; research on specific interventions; and, feedbackon draft findings and recommendations from leaders in the food security and physicalactivity areas. The research process has also been strengthened by its iterativeapproach. That is, each stage of the research was developed sequentially but went backto, and incorporated, the previous research findings, thus building the final researchoutcomes.Another strength is that ENHANCE had a strong equity focus. The research questionsposed by the HRC and the MoH began this process, with a focus on Māori, Pacific andlow-income people. This was continued with leadership throughout the project fromMāori and Pacific researchers on the research team. Equity considerations were a majorconcern in all stages of the research including in the research design; in thedevelopment of research tools, such as interview schedules and literature review searchstrategies; in who participated in the research, such as focus groups with Māori, Pacificand low-income communities; in how the research was undertaken, such as establishingMāori (and where possible Pacific) caucuses in the phase three workshops, and in focusgroups led by Māori and Pacific researchers in their own languages, as appropriate; thedata analysis and write-up which included peer review across the project by the Māoriand Pacific researchers; external peer review; and seeking feedback on draft findingsand proposed recommendations from leaders in food security and physical activitybased across the country, including Māori and Pacific community leaders.A third strength of this research has been the breadth of expertise in the research team.Disciplines represented include nutrition, physical activity, health economics, Māoriresearch, Pacific research, social policy, public health, clinical trials, epidemiology, andhealth geography. All team members have taken an active role in the entire researchprocess enabling the team to learn from each other and to construct an in-depth210
Page 1 and 2:
ENHANCING FOOD SECURITYAND PHYSICAL
Page 3:
Enhancing Food Security and Physica
Page 8 and 9:
Page 10 and 11:
Page 12 and 13:
Page 14 and 15:
Page 16 and 17:
Page 18 and 19:
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 50 and 51:
Page 52 and 53:
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 68 and 69:
Page 70 and 71:
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 120 and 121:
Page 122 and 123:
Page 124 and 125:
Page 126 and 127:
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 142 and 143:
Page 144 and 145:
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 158 and 159:
Page 160 and 161:
Page 162 and 163: Enhancing Food Security and Physica
show all

enhancing food security and physical activity for maori, pacific and ...

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?