Trends in Distance Education and Open Learning: Policy ... - ADEA

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The overall objective for mobile applications and technology in education is to maximize thevalues of education. We identified eight fundamental objectives in this study – maximizeconvenience of education, maximize efficiency in learning, maximize effectiveness inlearning, maximize usability of mobile education services, maximize security ofstudent/instructor information, maximize individual privacy, minimize cost of education,and ensure academic honesty. These eight objectives represent the fundamental values ofmobile applications in education from the students’ and instructors’ perspectives anddetermine the “principles” (Keeney, 1992) for assessments concerning the use of mobiletechnology for education. These objectives are the fundamental reasons that drive mobileapplication development for education purposes.24
5. Interoperability with VLESAs it was mentioned earlier, many educationalists advocate and view mobile learning aspart and parcel of blended learning. How does mobile learning interoperate with virtuallearning environments? This is critical for successful mobile technology integration intoeducation.Almost all learning management systems (LMS) such as Moodle and WebCT are equippedwith mobile accessibility features. Current commercial LMSs are listed in Appendix3.Developing middleware and application programming interfaces (API) of applicationsintegration in mobile systems is not a technological “prouesse” and should not beconsidered as barrier to mobile learning. On the other hand the pedagogical aspect of m-learning remains a more pertinent element to address.The instructional designing of the mobile content should be user friendly, adapted to themobile format with few navigational functions ensuring privacy of the learner and ensuringat the same time collaboration and interaction; to summarize, a fit for purpose m-learningextrapolated from existing VLEs. For example an off line player with slides show and audiocontent pre-downloaded from a web service or a m-portal for education will be anintelligent manner for m-learning to integrate a web based or even an enterprise VLE. Thecontent may be synchronized with the m-portal for upgrades and download of newcourses.The modern network infrastructure is quite heterogeneous with different telco technologyand operators and m-learning portals are very common today to act as gateways forcontent management systems (CMS) towards mobile devices. The Wireless VLE oftomorrow according to Ericsson by Desmond Keegan is illustrated in figure I.6.Figure I.6 Wireless Virtual Learning Environment25
Page 1 and 2: Associationfor theDevelopmentofEduc
Page 3 and 4: education free and elementary educa
Page 5 and 6: Paper 01-0102Use of Mobile Learning
Page 7 and 8: Table of ContentAcknowledgmentsIntr
Page 9 and 10: Executive SummaryThe study presente
Page 11 and 12: (iii)Use of mobile applications and
Page 13 and 14: IntroductionMobile Learning often r
Page 15 and 16: how these technologies are linked t
Page 17 and 18: The learner’s mobile device can b
Page 19 and 20: 4. M-learning FrameworksFraming m-l
Page 21 and 22: Figure I.4 Framework of the mobile
Page 23: Means-ends Objective Network (Gray
Page 27 and 28: 7. Formal and informal training set
Page 29 and 30: 9. Teachers trainingCan mobile lear
Page 31 and 32: 11. Social AspectThe paradox of the
Page 33 and 34: the PDA to source further informati
Page 35 and 36: 14. Enterprise Mobile LearningEnter
Page 37 and 38: Part II: Current and Emerging Appli
Page 39 and 40: As per figure II.2, 2 billion peopl
Page 41 and 42: Figure II.4Figure II.5 Sub Saharan
Page 43 and 44: 5. Wireless TechnologiesThe telecom
Page 45 and 46: 7. CSIRO breakthroughBroadband comi
Page 47 and 48: 8. Satellite CommunicationsLow cost
Page 49 and 50: 9. The Market, Products & Services
Page 51 and 52: 10. Challenges & ConstraintsCommon
Page 53 and 54: 11. Broadening Access to rural area
Page 55 and 56: wishes to conduct mobile testing or
Page 57 and 58: 14. In memory analyticsIn memory an
Page 59 and 60: 15. Augmented Reality & LearningAug
Page 61 and 62: 2. AsiaA research project was set u
Page 63 and 64: 3. M-learning projects in AfricaM-U
Page 65 and 66: Nearly 30% of All Africans Subscrib
Page 67 and 68: from the AMREF office. Other initia
Page 69 and 70: Source: Technology & Learning - Sch
Page 71 and 72: 7. The KLIV projectThe KLIV Project
Page 73 and 74: Figure III.2 , Scenario of interact
Page 75 and 76:
10. Use of m-learning in Universiti
Page 77 and 78:
The use of Podcasts by Universities
Page 79 and 80:
user-agent (most widely used)x-oper
Page 81 and 82:
was envisaged that the project woul
Page 83 and 84:
Research Gaps & DirectionsIf we are
Page 85 and 86:
Test Design Approaches: To figure w
Page 87 and 88:
RecommendationsThe list of recommen
Page 89:
A Framework for Mobile Learning and
Page 92 and 93:
- Stakeholders (sub levels: learner
Page 94 and 95:
- Academic support (sub levels: sup
Page 96 and 97:
The first objective set for Part II
Page 98 and 99:
Turkish Online Journal of Distance
Page 100 and 101:
INSEAD, NOKIA, and ICUS formed an A
Page 102 and 103:
the iPad).CalendarThe Calendar app
Page 104 and 105:
Connections to "visualize a new kin
Page 106 and 107:
TUSK is a "dynamic multimedia knowl
Page 108 and 109:
References4G: The Future Mobile Tec
Page 110 and 111:
For the state of the art report Con
Page 112 and 113:
Attewell, J. (2005). From research
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