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Focus groups<br />

Focus groups were conducted at three separate locations <strong>in</strong> Tāmaki-makau-<br />

rau/Auckland where <strong>in</strong>stitute classes are held. One focus group was held at a ma<strong>in</strong><br />

<strong>in</strong>stitute campus <strong>in</strong> South Auckland where one of the directors works and oversees the<br />

<strong>in</strong>stitute programmes for assigned areas. The other two focus groups were held <strong>in</strong><br />

stake centres where <strong>in</strong>dividual programmes are overseen by an <strong>in</strong>stitute coord<strong>in</strong>ator.<br />

Each focus group was scheduled to go no more than one hour. All focus groups stayed<br />

with<strong>in</strong> this time although one was considerably shorter, approximately twenty-five<br />

m<strong>in</strong>utes due to the late start<strong>in</strong>g time after classes for the night were completed. Focus<br />

group participants were given the <strong>in</strong>vitation to participate at least one week before the<br />

focus group.<br />

Focus group participants were selected purposively by the directors responsible for<br />

oversee<strong>in</strong>g the programmes. I <strong>in</strong>dicated to directors the criteria needed to participate<br />

<strong>in</strong> the focus groups <strong>in</strong> order to assist them <strong>in</strong> select<strong>in</strong>g participants. One year of<br />

participation as a teacher <strong>in</strong> CES <strong>in</strong> a Aotearoa/New Zealand programme was the<br />

criteria. The directors, based on this criteria, extended the <strong>in</strong>vitation to teachers to<br />

participate <strong>in</strong> the study. I also <strong>in</strong>dicated to directors that I sought the widest range of<br />

views possible for <strong>in</strong>put <strong>in</strong>to the study. For this purpose teachers from different parts<br />

of Tāmaki-makau-rau/Auckland were extended the <strong>in</strong>vitation to participate. From<br />

those that were selected by the directors, three participants, one per group, also held<br />

the dual position of <strong>in</strong>stitute coord<strong>in</strong>ator.<br />

Observations<br />

In order to triangulate data, and to avoid presentational data, classroom observations<br />

were carried out, one each <strong>in</strong> the three locations where focus groups took place.<br />

Observations were unannounced and lasted for the duration of the class,<br />

approximately one hour to one hour and thirty-m<strong>in</strong>utes. The objective was to see how<br />

volunteer teachers <strong>in</strong>teracted with their students, and how <strong>servant</strong> <strong>leaders</strong>hip was<br />

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