Prepared by: Dr. Musa Ajlouni January, 2010 - World Health ...

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parents’ perceptions of what their children can and should achieve. Over the next 40 yearsJordan will see the relative size of its working age population more than double. It can alsoexpect demand for quality education and health care to rise, and for people to saveincreasing proportions of their income, so that they can maintain a reasonable standard ofliving in their old age. Policies will be needed to continue to reduce fertility rates, anticipatefuture retirement needs, and address issues that might impede efficient use of theanticipated new labor, national savings and human capital. 5Table 1.1 Percent Population Distribution by Age Group and year (Jordan, 2005-2008)Age Group 2005 2006 2007 20080-14 years 37.3 37.3 37.3 36.915-64 years 59.4 59.4 59.4 59.665 + years 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.5Total 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%Total population 5473000 5600000 5723000 5850000Source:DOS, Jordan in Figures (2005, 2006,2007)http://www.dos.gov.jo,Table 1.2 Population Distributions by Sex (Jordan, 2005-2008)Year Total Male Female Male/Female (%) Growth rate (%)2005 5473000 2821100 2651900 106 2.32006 5600000 2886600 2713400 104 2.32007 5723000 2950000 2773000 106 2.22008 5850000 3015000 2835000 106 2.2Source: DOS (http://www.dos.gov.jo)1.2. Economic context.Jordan is a small lower-middle income country with limited natural resources andscarce fresh water supplies (one of the world’s 10 most water stressed countries). TheGDP at market prices for Jordan in 2008 was US$ 20.04 billion. The annual incomeper capita at current prices was US$ 3425 in 2008. Proportion of budget spent on MOHwas 7.4% for 2008. 1,6,7The Jordanian economy displayed a strong improvement over the past few years despiteseveral external shocks such as the surge in the international oil prices, the conditions ofuncertainty in the region and the decline in foreign grants over the period (2005-2007).Gross Domestic Product (GDP) recorded an annual growth averaging 7.0 percent, atconstant market prices, over the period (2005-2008). Moreover, the productivity and thecompetitiveness of the national economy have improved and the ratio of public debt toGDP has dropped notably; and the inflation rate remained within acceptable levels untilthe end of 2007. The currency has been stable with an exchange rate fixed to the U.S.dollar since 1995. 7, 8Jordan HRH Profile,Musa Ajlouni (Jan 2010) 14
Inflationary pressures on the back of soaring international fuel and food prices wereintensified during 2008 .The inflation rate reached about 15% during 2008 .6 Theeconomy's capacity for growth remains vulnerable to external shocks, and the rate ofgrowth is inadequate to resolve long-standing developmental challenges. Despite recentreductions, the stock of external debt remains high. More important, the recent economicgrowth has not translated into a commensurate increase in job creation or povertyreduction. Unemployment and underemployment remain high, and deep pockets ofpoverty persist.The Government of Jordan has identified poverty, unemployment and high populationgrowth its most important challenges. Jordan’s main development challenges can besummarized in three cross-sectoral objectives: (i) achieving high growth to reduce andavoid poverty; (ii) improving the quality and efficiency of public services; and (iii)addressing severe resource constraints, beginning with water. 9Table: 1.3 Economic indicators (Jordan, 2005-2008)Indicators 2005 2006 2007 2008 Source & yearGDP( at market Prices,(US$ bn)13.05 14.86 16.55 20.4 Main Economic Indicators, Ministry ofPlanning and InternationalCooperation,2009Real GDP Growth Rate (%) 8.1 8.0 6.6 5.6 Main Economic Indicators, Ministry ofPlanning and InternationalCooperation,2009National Debt (External andInternal, (US$ bn)10.6 10.4 11.6 11.9 Main Economic Indicators, Ministry ofPlanning and InternationalCooperation,2009Economic Aid(US$ mn) 705.6 429.6 485.0 1014Proportion of Budget spenton healthAnnual income per capita(Current Prices, US$)Main Economic Indicators, Ministry ofPlanning and InternationalCooperation,20095.7 6.1 5.6 7.4 MOH Annual Report,20082384 2653 2891 3425Main Economic Indicators, Ministry ofPlanning and InternationalCooperation,2009Poverty incidence (%) 14.7 13 14.3 14.0 Jordan Health System Profile,2008Unemployment rate (%) 14.8 14.0 13.1 12.7 MOH Annual Report,2008Inflation rate (%) 3.5 6.3 5.7 14.9 Main Economic Indicators, Ministry ofPlanning and InternationalCooperation,2009Jordan HRH Profile,Musa Ajlouni (Jan 2010) 15
Page 1 and 2: PpppPrepared by:Dr. Musa AjlouniJan
Page 3 and 4: CONTENTACKNOWLEDGEMENT.............
Page 5 and 6: FIGURESFIGURE 1.1:TRENDS OF POPULAT
Page 7 and 8: EXECUTIVE SUMMARYIntroductionJordan
Page 9 and 10: than 70%) as physicians, dentists,
Page 11 and 12: pharmacists and nurses respectively
Page 13 and 14: INTRODUCTIONBackgroundJordan is a l
Page 15: 1. COUNTRY OVERVIEW1.1 Geography an
Page 19 and 20: generation, along with emphasis on
Page 21 and 22: 2. COUNTRY HEALTH SYSTEM2.1 Governa
Page 23 and 24: The United Nations Relief and Work
Page 25 and 26: 2.3 Health care financingIn 2007, t
Page 27 and 28: HRH Observatory (HRHO) was establis
Page 29 and 30: Table 3.2: Health worker Population
Page 31 and 32: 20000180001600014000120001000080006
Page 33 and 34: Table 3.4: Gender distribution by h
Page 35 and 36: Table 3.6: Percentage Distribution
Page 37 and 38: 3.2.4 Geographical distribution by
Page 39 and 40: Table 3.8: Urban/Rural distribution
Page 41 and 42: The health sector in Jordan, public
Page 43 and 44: ALI YAVAR JUNG NATIONAL INSTITUTE F
Page 45 and 46: 4.1.6 Student Entry Requirements fo
Page 47 and 48: PostGraduateUniversity/Undergraduat
Page 49 and 50: 4.1.9 Governance of High Education
Page 51 and 52: Box 4.1: Functions of High Educatio
Page 53 and 54: Table 4.6: Students Admitted to Hea
Page 55 and 56: Table 4.8: Training outputs in the
Page 57 and 58: Figure 4.4:Annual Output of Univers
Page 59 and 60: 4- Supervising the internship train
Page 61 and 62: 4.3 Health workforce requirementsNo
Page 63 and 64: 5.HRH UTILIZATION: PRIORITY AND PRA
Page 65 and 66: There are two types of staff turnov
Page 67 and 68:
Although there are formal procedure
Page 69 and 70:
There is no long-range plan for hum
Page 71 and 72:
not have specific legislation for m
Page 73 and 74:
- Link financial incentives to actu
Page 75 and 76:
) Regulating and monitoring health
Page 77 and 78:
6.7 The National Observatory for HR
Page 79 and 80:
7. CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONSTh
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· A national program for capacity
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18) DOS.Jordan Department of Statis
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ANNEXE 1 : DEFINITIONS OF HEALTH WO
Page 87 and 88:
ANNEXE 2: HEALTH WORKFORCE CLASSIFI
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Enrolled NursesAlso called nurse te
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Dentists (specialist)At least 5 yea
Page 93 and 94:
Note: This program was stopped in19
Page 95 and 96:
11. Environmental and PublicHealth
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OpticianAt least 4 years of univers
Page 99 and 100:
Anesthesia Technician2 years in ane
Page 101 and 102:
Annex 3: HRH STRATEGIC DIRECTION AN
Page 103 and 104:
Questions Findings Remarks (if any)
Page 105 and 106:
Page 107 and 108:
Page 109 and 110:
Public sectorQuestions Findings Rem
Page 111 and 112:
Page 113 and 114:
Page 115:
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