Behavioral Science

Somatoform Disorders 121
BODY DYSMORPHIC DISORDER
What is the main characteristic
of body dysmorphic disorder?
Is the defect always imagined
by the patient?
What are the two components of body
dysmorphic disorder?
What are risk factors for the development
of body dysmorphic disorder?
Where do these patients often present?
What are the most common features
viewed as defective in these patients?
What is the most common comorbid
psychiatric disorder associated with
body dysmorphic disorder?
What are some common behaviors
seen in this disorder?
What other diagnoses must be
considered in the differential?
Do surgical procedures and alterations
tend to improve the patient’s view
of his or her physical defect?
What is the recommended treatment
for body dysmorphic disorder?
Preoccupation with a defect in physical
appearance
No. In some patients the defect may be
imagined, but in others an exaggeration
of a true physical feature may be present.
1. Perceptual: Perceptual relates to the
accuracy of the individual’s body.
2. Attitudinal: Attitudinal relates to the
feelings the person has toward his or
her body.
Family history of a mood disorder or
obsessive-compulsive disorder
Often these patients present to
dermatologist and plastic surgeons.
Facial features
Hair
Body build
Depression
Excessive grooming
Avoidance of mirrors
Excessive exercise
Avoidance of public activities
Anorexia nervosa
Gender identity disorder
Narcissistic personality disorder
No. These treatments tend to worsen
the disorder, leading to intensified or
new preoccupations with physical
appearance.
Antidepressants (such as selective
serotonin reuptake inhibitors [SSRIs])
(only if comorbid mental illnesses such
as depression or anxiety are present)
and cognitive behavioral therapy