Behavioral Science

40 Deja Review: Behavioral Science
Where in medicine is modeling used?
Can modeling have a negative outcome?
Can modeling have a positive outcome?
What is habituation?
What is an example of habituation?
How is habituation used in medicine?
How do you describe flooding?
What is an example of flooding?
How do you describe systematic
desensitization?
The common saying, “see one, do one,
teach one,” is a description of modeling
in learning how to do medical
procedures.
Yes. Modeling may occur when a child
models the actions of a parent with a
particular phobia and hence also acquires
the same phobia or perpetuation of
abuse by an abused person.
Yes. Modeling may involve other
types of learning, eg, seeing a role
model/mentor’s behavior achieve
a positive result would then act as
a positive reinforcer (which would
be an example of operant
conditioning).
Habituation occurs when stimulus
presentation results in decreased
responsiveness.
You may notice the hum of the air
conditioner when it first comes on,
but due to habituation, your
awareness of that continual hum
will decrease and you can focus
on your studies.
Habituation is used to overcome
phobias. Some of the specific techniques
using habituation are flooding and
systemic desensitization.
It is excessive presentation of the
stimulus to achieve quick habituation
by preventing escape and forcing
a reduction in the associated
behavior.
One could force an individual with
an obsession about germs to touch
a toilet.
In systematic desensitization, the
patient is gradually exposed to
anxiety-producing situations while
simultaneously teaching relaxation or
anxiety-reducing techniques.