Behavioral Science

Recommendations

Info

CHAPTER 26 Epidemiology and Research Design EPIDEMIOLOGY What is prevalence? What is incidence? What equation represents the relationship between prevalence and incidence? What happens to the prevalence of a disease as the duration of it is lengthened, assuming the incidence is held constant? Which is usually greater in chronic diseases—prevalence or incidence? Which is more useful for describing influenza over the course of a year— incidence or prevalence? The total number of individuals who have a disease in a population at a specific time or period of time, divided by the total number of people in that population. The total number of individuals who are newly diagnosed with a disease divided by the number of individuals who are originally at risk (usually measured over a time period). Prevalence = incidence × disease duration P = I × D It would increase—use the equation. Prevalence is usually greater with long duration diseases, eg, HIV. Incidence. With acute illnesses, duration is short and prevalence at any given time is not of as much value as incidence. The shorter the illness, the closer prevalence becomes to being equal to incidence. 199
200 Deja Review: <strong>Behavioral</strong> <strong>Science</strong> What is Sensitivity? What is Specificity? What is best for a screening test or to “rule out” disease (low false negative)? What is best for a confirmatory test or to “rule in” disease (low false positive)? What is a good mnemonic to remember this? What is positive predictive value (PPV)? What is negative predictive value (NPV)? What is the relation between sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV? What is the difference between sensitivity, specificity, NPV, and PPV? How do sensitivity and specificity affect NPV and PPV? How does prevalence of disease in a population affect PPV and NPV? What is the best way to solve problems requiring the calculation of sensitivity, specificity, PPV, and NPV? The ability of a test to detect disease if it is present The ability of a test to discern one disease from another A test with a high sensitivity True negatives divided by all of the people without a disease or illness SPin (SPecificity rules in) and SNout (SeNsitivity rules out) The likelihood that a positive result on a test represents actual disease The likelihood that a negative result on a test actually represents the absence of disease Sensitivity and specificity are directly related to NPV and PPV (respectively), but NPV and PPV occur when a test is applied to a specific population. Sensitivity and specificity are inherent properties of a test, regardless of the population’s disease prevalence. PPV and NPV are directly dependent on the population being tested. A high sensitivity will increase NPV of a test, a high specificity will increase the PPV of a test. High prevalence of disease will increase the PPV and decrease the NPV of a test. Low prevalence will decrease the PPV and increase the NPV. (This should make sense!) Use the box method—draw it out and plug in the numbers for each problem.
Page 2 and 3:
DEJA REVIEW TM Behavioral Science
Page 4 and 5:
DEJA REVIEW TM Behavioral Science S
Page 6 and 7:
To my family
Page 8 and 9:
Contents Faculty Reviewers/Student
Page 10 and 11:
Contents ix Chapter 13 MOOD DISORDE
Page 12 and 13:
Faculty Reviewers Debra L Klamen, M
Page 14 and 15:
Preface Behavioral science is an ex
Page 16 and 17:
SECTION I Human Development and Psy
Page 18 and 19:
CHAPTER 1 Early Stages of Life: Inf
Page 20 and 21:
Early Stages of Life: Infancy to Ch
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
CHAPTER 2 Middle Stages of Life: Ad
Page 32 and 33:
Middle Stages of Life: Adolescence
Page 34 and 35:
CHAPTER 3 Late Stages of Life: Agin
Page 36 and 37:
Late Stages of Life: Aging, Death,
Page 38 and 39:
Late Stages of Life: Aging, Death,
Page 40 and 41:
CHAPTER 4 Psychoanalytic Theory Wha
Page 42 and 43:
Psychoanalytic Theory 27 What are t
Page 44 and 45:
Psychoanalytic Theory 29 Which defe
Page 46:
Table 4.1 Defense Mechanism Descrip
Page 50 and 51:
Psychoanalytic Theory 33 CLINICAL V
Page 52 and 53:
CHAPTER 5 Learning Theory What is b
Page 54 and 55:
Learning Theory 37 What is the term
Page 56 and 57:
Learning Theory 39 What are the dif
Page 58 and 59:
Learning Theory 41 What is sensitiz
Page 60 and 61:
CHAPTER 6 Sleep Science and Disorde
Page 62 and 63:
Sleep Science and Disorders 45 Whic
Page 64 and 65:
Sleep Science and Disorders 47 In a
Page 66 and 67:
CHAPTER 7 Sexuality SEXUAL DEVELOPM
Page 68 and 69:
Sexuality 51 What is the sexual ori
Page 70 and 71:
Sexuality 53 Which disorder is char
Page 72 and 73:
Sexuality 55 Which postmyocardial i
Page 74 and 75:
CHAPTER 8 Abuse and Aggression CHIL
Page 76 and 77:
Abuse and Aggression 59 Which gende
Page 78 and 79:
Abuse and Aggression 61 SEXUAL VIOL
Page 80 and 81:
Abuse and Aggression 63 Why are man
Page 82 and 83:
CHAPTER 9 Suicide SUICIDE What is i
Page 84 and 85:
Suicide 67 At what stage, in treate
Page 86 and 87:
CHAPTER 10 Genetic Basis of Behavio
Page 88 and 89:
Genetic Basis of Behavior 71 Do per
Page 90 and 91:
Genetic Basis of Behavior 73 A 19-y
Page 92 and 93:
CHAPTER 11 Neurochemistry in Behavi
Page 94 and 95:
Neurochemistry in Behavioral Scienc
Page 96 and 97:
Page 98 and 99:
Page 100 and 101:
SECTION II Psychiatric Disorders an
Page 102 and 103:
CHAPTER 12 Psychotic Disorders INTR
Page 104 and 105:
Psychotic Disorders 87 Schizophreni
Page 106 and 107:
Psychotic Disorders 89 Does gender
Page 108 and 109:
Psychotic Disorders 91 What are som
Page 110 and 111:
CHAPTER 13 Mood Disorders What are
Page 112 and 113:
Mood Disorders 95 Table 13.1 SSRIs
Page 114 and 115:
Mood Disorders 97 Table 13.2 Other
Page 116 and 117:
Mood Disorders 99 What is electroco
Page 118 and 119:
Mood Disorders 101 How do you diagn
Page 120 and 121:
CHAPTER 14 Anxiety Disorders What a
Page 122 and 123:
Anxiety Disorders 105 What differen
Page 124 and 125:
Anxiety Disorders 107 What differen
Page 126 and 127:
Anxiety Disorders 109 What characte
Page 128 and 129:
CHAPTER 15 Cognitive Disorders Name
Page 130 and 131:
Cognitive Disorders 113 How does de
Page 132 and 133:
Cognitive Disorders 115 AMNESTIC SY
Page 134 and 135:
CHAPTER 16 Somatoform Disorders Wha
Page 136 and 137:
Somatoform Disorders 119 What is th
Page 138 and 139:
Somatoform Disorders 121 BODY DYSMO
Page 140 and 141:
Somatoform Disorders 123 What is th
Page 142 and 143:
CHAPTER 17 Personality Disorders Wh
Page 144 and 145:
Personality Disorders 127 What is t
Page 146 and 147:
Personality Disorders 129 What are
Page 148 and 149:
Personality Disorders 131 How can a
Page 150 and 151:
Personality Disorders 133 CLINICAL
Page 152 and 153:
CHAPTER 18 Dissociative Disorders W
Page 154 and 155:
Dissociative Disorders 137 A 42-yea
Page 156 and 157:
CHAPTER 19 Substance Abuse Disorder
Page 158 and 159:
Substance Abuse Disorders 141 How c
Page 160 and 161:
Substance Abuse Disorders 143 What
Page 162 and 163:
Page 164 and 165:
Page 166 and 167: Substance Abuse Disorders 149 Serum
Page 168 and 169: Substance Abuse Disorders 151 CLINI
Page 170 and 171: CHAPTER 20 Eating Disorders What ar
Page 172 and 173: Eating Disorders 155 What are commo
Page 174 and 175: Eating Disorders 157 A 12-year-old
Page 176 and 177: CHAPTER 21 Child Psychiatry PERVASI
Page 178 and 179: Child Psychiatry 161 What happens t
Page 180 and 181: Child Psychiatry 163 In which age g
Page 182 and 183: CHAPTER 22 Psychopharmacology What
Page 184 and 185: Psychopharmacology 167 Which benzod
Page 186 and 187: Psychopharmacology 169 What are the
Page 188 and 189: Psychopharmacology 171 What is the
Page 190 and 191: Psychopharmacology 173 Which pharma
Page 192 and 193: SECTION III Ethics, Health Care, an
Page 194 and 195: CHAPTER 23 Clinical Practice and Di
Page 196 and 197: Clinical Practice and Difficult Sit
Page 198 and 199: CHAPTER 24 Medical Ethics and Legal
Page 200 and 201: Medical Ethics and Legal Issues 183
Page 208 and 209: CHAPTER 25 Health Care in the Unite
Page 210 and 211: Health Care in the United States 19
Page 218 and 219: Epidemiology and Research Design 20
Page 226 and 227: CHAPTER 27 Biostatistics STATISTICA
Page 228 and 229: Biostatistics 211 What is a depende
Page 230 and 231: Biostatistics 213 If the sample siz
Page 232 and 233: Biostatistics 215 Which type of t-t
Page 234 and 235: Index A Abnormal thought formation,
Page 236 and 237: Index 219 Celexa. See Citalopram Ce
Page 238 and 239: Index 221 F Factitious disorder, 11
Page 240 and 241: Index 223 Negative predictive value
Page 242 and 243: Index 225 Schizophrenia (Cont.): do
show all

Behavioral Science

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?