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Joint interdomain management (JIDM) defines how network management<br />

components based on OSI <strong>and</strong> SNMP can interoperate with CORBAbased<br />

components. Hence, the interfaces <strong>and</strong> information models already<br />

developed following CMIP <strong>and</strong> SNMP st<strong>and</strong>ards can be used to build a<br />

CORBA-enabled interface wrapping the existing application, taking advantage<br />

<strong>of</strong> CORBA characteristics.<br />

The DSC platform used in WINMAN is a lightweight implementation <strong>of</strong><br />

the CORBA component model, providing the elementary services for building<br />

component-based applications.<br />

9.5.2 XML<br />

Technologies <strong>and</strong> Tools 171<br />

XML is a metamarkup language that provides a format for describing structured<br />

data. Table 9.2 presents the main characteristics <strong>of</strong> XML <strong>and</strong> the areas where it<br />

can play its role.<br />

Some <strong>of</strong> the main concepts related to XML are:<br />

• XML documents. These contain one or more elements delimited by start<br />

tags <strong>and</strong> end tags. These elements maintain a hierarchical relationsh<strong>ip</strong>.<br />

An XML document is considered well formed if it contains exactly one<br />

root element (the document), <strong>and</strong> all the children are nested properly<br />

within each other. That is, both begin <strong>and</strong> end tags <strong>of</strong> a given element<br />

should exist within the body <strong>of</strong> the same parent element.<br />

• Document type definition (DTD). This is a set <strong>of</strong> rules that a document<br />

follows that s<strong>of</strong>tware may need to read before processing <strong>and</strong> displaying<br />

a document.<br />

• Schema. This is an XML-based syntax for defining how an XML document<br />

is marked up. DTDs have many drawbacks, including the use <strong>of</strong><br />

non-XML syntax, no support for data typing, <strong>and</strong> nonextensibility.<br />

XML schema addresses all <strong>of</strong> these problems.<br />

Table 9.2<br />

Characteristics <strong>of</strong> XML <strong>and</strong> Its Areas <strong>of</strong> Application<br />

Key Attributes <strong>of</strong> XML Key Areas <strong>of</strong> XML<br />

Simplicity Data interchange<br />

Extensibility Data integration<br />

Supports hierarchical information descr<strong>ip</strong>tion Document management/publishing<br />

Supports linking Formatting/presentation

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