deploying and managing ip over wdm networks - Index of

50 Deploying and Managing IP over WDM Networks
IPNM references include recommendations from other bodies, as well as
contributions from member participants. Standard bodies and groups include
ITU-T and ETSI, IETF, DMTF DEN. Other source documents are listed
in [33].
3.7 Summary
In the conventional best-effort Internet, there is no network model due to the
characteristic connectionless nature of such a network. Therefore we could say
that the IP layer is element-level-management sensitive only. Nevertheless the
deployment of MPLS in the IP network has changed that status. IP MPLSenabled
networks can be characterized by a network model constituted by the
end-to-end LSPs. These paths can be established under the control of a routing
algorithm in the same manner as virtual paths in ATM networks. MPLS allows
network administrators to specify the physical path that LSPs take across the
network. Moreover these LSPs can be enforced to meet specific performance
requirements and can be monitored during their life span. Therefore, this converts
the IP MPLS-enabled network in a network-level manageable entity like
any connection-oriented network.
Conventional or up-to-date IP network management has been based on
the facilities provided by the SNMP in the areas of performance (monitoring)
and fault management, whereas configuration management was implemented
by means of vendor-specific mechanisms. Management based on SNMP has
been supported by several MIBs, one of whose more representative cases is the
MIB-II. This MIB allows for performance management of network device interfaces
as well as a very limited functionality in configuration and fault management.
On the other hand, IP MPLS-enabled networks can also be managed
through SNMP thanks to the support of several ad hoc defined MIBs. Among
these we mention the MPLS-LDP-MIB, which is intended to manage the LDP,
a protocol used for distributing the labels through the network. Also worthy of
mention is the MPLS-LSR-MIB and the MPLS-TE-MIB, both with functionality
to carry out configuration and performance management of the LSPs. As an
example of the usage of the MPLS-TE-MIB, we provide the implementation of
an API to configure LSPs, making use of all the functionality provided by the
device vendor (Cisco in this case).
PBNM has emerged as a new paradigm intended to abstract the service
characteristics from the implementation details, thus allowing for the translation
and mapping of application-level management statements to device-level management
commands. Although not restricted to the IP world, PBNM has been
growing in part thanks to the effort of the IETF. The IETF-RAP working group
has developed a well-known framework specifying the functional elements of a