ASA JOURNAL Vol.2 | 2018

opment of Shophouse facades in the Andaman Sea-Malay
of Asian-European architecture style; 3)1932-1956 - after the
As previously stated, literature review is beneficial for
As demonstrated in Figure 8, the evolution can be
Peninsula port towns?
Siamese revolution along with the arrival of Modern architecture
the study of shophouse styles in Kantang district because it
categorised into three major styles which are: Localized style;
Method
and reinforced concrete construction and geometric elements
applied to shophouses; and 4) after 1956.
has historical significance with Tuntieng where it has been the
capital of Trang from 1915 to the present time. It plays a role
Eclectic style; and Modern style. Localized style consists of
having diversity of front facades. Shophouses in each port
This research is conducted based on literature review
as a hub where merchandise is distributed to nearby areas and
towns look different but they share a mutual appearance of
and site surveys in order to gain insights into the physical
It can be seen that shophouse evolution was divided
other regions. This distribution continued from Kantang port
gable roofs. Their structure and materials contain two parts:
characteristics and styles of the areas. The information is
by periods of time related to history. However this study
which was the old central area from 1893 to 1915.
1) major construction (columns and bearing walls) using
gathered by observation, photography and interview, and then
particularly focuses on the front facade of the shophouse. This
concrete and masonry; and 2) minor construction using tim-
analyzed by qualitative methods.
research led to further study of Pattanapol Sittichoke and
With the process of collecting data on site along with
ber for wall decorative features. In general, little decoration
Kreangkrai Kirdsiri who are “insiders” in this area. Their study
the analysis of front facades of shophouses in Kantan, shop-
was applied in shophouses. Upper façade patterns were found
The procedure of collecting survey data on site started
“Diversity of Shophouse Façade in Old Town Phuket” provided
house development can be summarized as follows: (See Figure : 6)
to be three types: 1) continuous wooden or brick wall under
with maps from satellite imagery to make a rapid survey by
2 major parts of content which are old town history and
windows with air-vents above the span; 2) Masonry brick walls
photography and observation in order to gather architectural
architecture patterns. They studied through the diverse culture
For shophouses in Takuapa (Phangnga province), no
without decorative ornaments; and 3) vertical and horizontal
characteristics of shophouses. The next process is selecting
of the local people together with a variety of shophouse front
previous study has investigated their architectural aspects.
slat walls. Window and air-vents have three styles: 1) contin-
shophouses with different front facades to be case studies and
facades. The research reported that shophouse facades can be
There was only a historical study on shophouses and urban
uous row of double timber paneled windows with parallel
then followed by their measurement. Later on, shophouse that
categorised into 6 types: “Local Style Type I”; “Local Style Type
conditions in the past. It is found in the memoir of King Va-
air-vents above the full width of span; 2) double-leaf wooden
were representative of various architectural characteristics of
II”; “Eclectic Style Type I”; “Eclectic Style Type II”; Early
jiravudh (King Rama VI) when he was a crown prince in 1909,
casement windows; and 3) full-length wooden paneled win-
shophouses were chosen. Finally, appointments were made
Modern Style”; and “Modern Style”. Therefore, the study of
when he stated that “…from Phraya Takua Pa residence to the
dows horizontally separated into two sections, with timber
with the owners of the selected case studies to ask for permis-
Pattanapol and Kreangkrai will be used as a guide in some
market, there are Chinese shophouses along both sides of
railing at the bottom part and louvered wooden grill above.
sion to work on their measurement and interview.
parts of this paper.
street. These buildings are somewhat dilapidated. Passing
There are three types of doors and air-vents: 1) folding timber
through the market, there are houses along the way up to the
doors with air-vent above along the span; 2) one main dou-
Results
With regard to the architectural study of shophouses
in the Kantang district in Trang province, only similar research
hill where the pavilion was set ... this large market seems more
like a old city than a new city where I had a look last night. In
ble-leaf wooden door flanked by two wooden windows; and
3) double-leaf wooden door with double-leaf wooden window.
From literature reviews of the architectural study of
was found in the Tub Tieng or current Trang capital district.
this place, there are more buildings and people. The new town’s
The covered walkway along the road has two kinds: 1) Five
shophouses in port towns in Thai Andaman Sea, it was found
Those studies are “Cultural Heritage Atlas of Tub-Tieng” by
characteristic is suitable with its name “Takua Pa” as it is full
foot-way; and 2) a slab jutting out over the pavement support-
that a previous research of Thalang (Phuket) entitled “Complete
Environment Resource Plan and Policy Center (2005) and
of lead (tin) all over the island. And the forest can be seen
ed by pillars or bracing.
Report: Feasibility Study of Improving Old Town in Some
“The Study of Shophouse Development in Tubtieng Old Town,
more than house.” (King Vajiravudh, 1963: 62-64). The state-
Streets for Beautiful Environment” (Faculty of Architecture,
Trang Province” by Pat Wongpradit (2014, 366-371). It was
ment showed that Takua Pa was a developed town and shop-
The second style is Eclectic Style which can be divided
King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, 1997)
studied in the context related to “evaluation” which also related
houses along the roads were built with Chinese influence as
into three phases: 1st Eclectic Style, 2nd Eclectic Style and 3rd
was made. It proposed old town renovation and explained
to architectural styles of shophouses. In relation to historical
shown in their front facades. Furthermore, shophouses in the
Eclectic Style. The common characteristic of the roof style was
historical point of view such as the fundamental structure,
development, shophouse development can be classified into
late period of King Chulalongkorn (King Rama V) were some-
mainly gable roof. In the 2nd Eclectic Style and 3rd Eclectic
socio-economic and environmental aspects. The study also
5 phases: “Chinese Style Type I”; “Chinese Style Type II”;
what dilapidated. This information was found in the document
Style, decoration can be seen in the roof ridge made of baked
provided drawings of some buildings in the area which made
“Neo-classical Chinese-European”; “Contemporary European”;
written by Prince Damrong Rajanubhab (1963:62-64) that
clay shingles and Chinese glazed tiles. Parapet walls can be
it one of the most elaborate architectural studies (Faculty of
and “Modern European”. Nevertheless, there was a further
described Takua Pa as one of the four taxation districts in the
seen in the structure in the early age of Eclectic Style. Major
Architecture, King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang,
study in the form of a completed thesis and then continuing
west. Yet Phraya Senanuchit (Nut), the governor of Takuapa
structure is constructed by columns and load bearing mason-
1997). However it presented only architectural development
in the paper titled “Contexts Affecting Architectural Form of
was a noble who was not proficient in trading. Consequently
ry walls whereas minor part is wooden structure. In the mid-
of Chinese style, Neo Classic style, Art Deco style and Modern
Shophouse and its Development, Historic Urban Landscapes
the economic development of Takua Pa was not as prosperous
dle period, the entire structure is made by columns and
style.
of Tub Tiang, Trang Province” (Pat and Kreangkrai, 2015:205-
as that of Thalang.
bearing walls. In the last period of the Eclectic Style, construc-
Apart from this, in his study “Architecture in Old Town
222). The paper adopted a way to categorise the shophouse
tion technology was developed therefore the structure is made
Phuket”, Yongtanit Pimonsathean (2009:14) classified shop-
evolution according to the contexts of historical, social and
The process of collecting data on sites along with the
of reinforced concrete. The upper facade in the beginning
house characteristics into 4 main eras: 1) 1868-1900
cultural environment in each period of time. It argued that
analysis of the front facade of shophouses in Takuapa, shop-
consists of long wall below continuous windows and air-vents
- the beginning of urban development which the
shophouse styles are: “Localization Style Step 1”; “Localization
house development can be organized as follows: (See Figure : 7)
above along the bay. The wall in the bottom part of the face is
architecture style followed Chinese culture as Chinese population
Style Step 2”; “Eclectic Style”; “Localization Style Step 3”; “Art
either timber or masonry wall decorated with Chinese glazed
came; 2)1901-1931
Deco Style”; “Early Modernism Style”; and “Modern and Post
The shophouse façade evolution in the Andaman
ceramic tiles. In the middle phase, the facade is usually paint-
- when the tin industry grew together with British
Modern”.
Sea-Malay Peninsula port towns: (See Figure : 8)
ed masonry walls and later the wall is ornamented with dec-
colonization of Penang and Singapore which led to popularization
orative bas-reliefs towards the last stage of Eclectic Style.
56 57
วารสารสถาปัตยกรรมของสมาคมสถาปนิกสยาม
ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์ Issue 02 / 2018
Academic Journal of The Association of Siamese Architects
under the Royal Patronage
วารสารสถาปัตยกรรมของสมาคมสถาปนิกสยาม
ในพระบรมราชูปถัมภ์ Issue 02 / 2018
Academic Journal of The Association of Siamese Architects
under the Royal Patronage