Brian P. Jacob, David C. Chen, Bruce Ramshaw, Shirin Towfigh (eds.) - The SAGES Manual of Groin Pain-Springer International Publishing (2016)

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19 Radiologic Evaluation for Postoperative Groin Pain 259 Fig. 19.2. Axial MR T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and fat-saturated T2-weighted images of bilateral flat mesh repairs. Both mesh are intact; however, large superficial fluid collections are seen bilaterally ( black arrows ). While simple seroma would appear bright on T2 sequences only, this fluid is also intermediately bright on T1 sequences, suggesting the presence of significant blood products. Both groins were percutaneously drained, demonstrating hematoma. Subacute blood products should appear bright on T1, differentiating between hematoma and abscess [ 5 ]. If uncertainty still exists, contrast may be utilized to demonstrate peripheral enhancement in abscess. Additionally, diffusion- weighted imaging (DWI) may be used to differentiate the diffusion-restricting abscess (DWI bright, ADC dark) from organizing hematoma, although early hematoma may restrict as well (Fig. 19.2 ) [ 6 ]. Mesh Complications Mesh complications often present with subtle imaging findings, and may require knowledge of the operative technique utilized to diagnose definitively. US does not reliably identify the mesh, especially if it is folded, balled up, or otherwise complicated (Fig. 19.3 ). As such, US is not recommended as a first-line imaging modality to evaluate the postoperative groin after mesh implantation when the integrity of the mesh itself is in question. Due to the combination of low material density and minimal profile, normal mesh material is often indistinguishable from surrounding tissue on CT [ 2 ], requiring the radiologist to discern a postoperative state from the presence and location of the patient’s surgical scars (Fig. 19.4 ). Even in states of chronic inflammation (e.g., mesh reaction), it may be impossible to specifically identify pathology on the basis of CT alone. On MR, flat mesh materials appear as dark linear bands on T1 sequences, slightly thicker than normal fascial planes, but may be more difficult to identify among their surrounding tissues on fluid-sensitive sequences (Fig. 19.5 ).
260 J.M. Miller et al. Fig. 19.3. The flat mesh ( white arrows ) shown on this Doppler US is hardly conspicuous, and would be even less so if not for the small fluid collection ( curved white arrow ) overlying it. Fig. 19.4. The bilateral flat mesh ( white arrows ) seen in this axial CT of the pelvis look similar to scar tissue, making it difficult to differentiate subtle mesh abnormalities. Normal mesh should appear smooth, and wrinkling may represent migration with subsequent focal recurrence or inflammatory response. While mesh may be fixed in position with sutures, staples, or tacks, shifting of mesh material may occur. If slippage does occur, even partial mesh migration may result in gross recurrence of bowel protrusion, or may present as subtle herniation of peritoneal or preperitoneal fat. Interposition of even small amounts of fat between mesh material and the abdominal wall may be a cause of significant pain. Dynamic MR
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Brian P. Jacob · David C. Chen Bru
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The SAGES Manual of Groin Pain Bria
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Foreword Inguinal hernia repair is
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Contents Part I Primary Groin Pain
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Contents ix 22 Management of Inguin
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Contents xi 45 Value-Based Clinical
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xiv Editors and Contributors Jeffre
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xvi Editors and Contributors David
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xviii Editors and Contributors Greg
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xx Editors and Contributors David S
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1. Introduction to Primary and Seco
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10 I.A. Gawlas and W.J. Peacock Ili
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12 I.A. Gawlas and W.J. Peacock Tra
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14 I.A. Gawlas and W.J. Peacock Var
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3. Complex Regional Pain Syndrome T
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4. Chief Complaint of Groin Pain: H
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4. Chief Complaint of Groin Pain…
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42 C. Ma and A. Ramaswamy inguinal
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44 C. Ma and A. Ramaswamy Categoriz
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46 C. Ma and A. Ramaswamy with no s
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48 C. Ma and A. Ramaswamy 26. Aasva
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50 I.M. Daoud and K. Dunn Other per
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52 I.M. Daoud and K. Dunn low herni
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54 I.M. Daoud and K. Dunn In the po
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56 I.M. Daoud and K. Dunn with a he
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58 I.M. Daoud and K. Dunn 13. O’C
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60 G.J. Mancini Occult Hernia Backg
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62 G.J. Mancini Magnetic resonance
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64 G.J. Mancini rocking motion can
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66 G.J. Mancini Unique to the adduc
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68 G.J. Mancini two nerve injuries
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70 G.J. Mancini abdominis has a rep
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72 G.J. Mancini 5. Light D, Ratnasi
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74 J.C. Campbell and G.D. Paiement
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9. Groin Pain Etiology: Spine and B
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10. Groin Pain Etiology: Spermatic
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Table 10.2. European Association of
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138 M. Hibner and C. Coyne Piriform
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140 M. Hibner and C. Coyne Fig. 11.
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142 M. Hibner and C. Coyne Table 11
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144 M. Hibner and C. Coyne present
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146 M. Hibner and C. Coyne Table 11
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148 M. Hibner and C. Coyne Once the
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150 M. Hibner and C. Coyne 3. Hibne
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12. Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women M.
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12. Chronic Pelvic Pain in Women 15
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174 J.M. Miller et al. Knowing the
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176 J.M. Miller et al. Fig. 13.2. A
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182 J.M. Miller et al. Fig. 13.9. C
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184 J.M. Miller et al. Fig. 13.14.
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192 J.M. Miller et al. Cardiac Cath
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194 B.J. Dunkin Noxious peripheral
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196 B.J. Dunkin Table 14.1. Summary
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198 B.J. Dunkin Rectus abdominis Ex
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200 B.J. Dunkin COX-1 COX-2 Celecpx
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202 B.J. Dunkin Table 14.2. Common
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Page 234 and 235: 222 E.L. Felix not seem to alter th
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Page 240 and 241: 228 E.L. Felix It has been establis
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Page 244 and 245: 17. The Orthopedic Perspective on G
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Page 296 and 297: 288 R. Álvarez G : Granuloma H : H
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23. Mesh Removal for Chronic Pain
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320 I.T. MacQueen et al. inguinodyn
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322 I.T. MacQueen et al. Fig. 24.2.
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324 I.T. MacQueen et al. Timing and
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326 I.T. MacQueen et al. Fig. 24.4.
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328 I.T. MacQueen et al. Posthernio
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330 I.T. MacQueen et al. never be e
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25. Laparoscopic Triple Neurectomy
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26. Chronic Orchialgia: Workup and
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27. The Role of Bioactive Prostheti
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376 G. Campanelli et al. affecting
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378 G. Campanelli et al. into the w
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380 G. Campanelli et al. chronic gr
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382 G. Campanelli et al. A prospect
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384 G. Campanelli et al. open mesh
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386 G. Campanelli et al. 38. Alfier
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29. Prevention of Pain: Optimizing
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30. Prophylactic Neurectomy Versus
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Table 31.1. Selective neurectomy wi
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408 W.M.J. Reinpold and A.D. Schroe
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32. Chronic Groin Pain: Mesh or No
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Part IV Case Reports and Patients
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430 S. Towfigh were irregular and s
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432 S. Towfigh in addressing her sy
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434 S. Towfigh Conclusion We have y
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436 K.W. Kercher Physical Examinati
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438 K.W. Kercher Fig. 34.4. Left ad
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440 K.W. Kercher Fig. 34.5. After d
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442 K.W. Kercher the posterior wall
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444 K.W. Kercher Table 34.2. Surgic
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35. Chronic Post-inguinal Herniorrh
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35 Chronic Post-inguinal Herniorrha
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35 Chronic Post-inguinal Herniorrha
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36. Sports Hernia with Adductor Ten
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464 C.G. DuCoin and G.R. Jacobsen P
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466 C.G. DuCoin and G.R. Jacobsen O
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468 J.A. Blatnik and A.S. Prabhu a
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470 J.A. Blatnik and A.S. Prabhu Fi
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472 J.A. Blatnik and A.S. Prabhu ma
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474 S. Towfigh Physical Exam The pa
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476 S. Towfigh The patient’s loca
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478 S. Towfigh Fig. 39.2. Diagram o
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480 S. Towfigh periphery. He is 2+
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482 S. Towfigh References 1. Matthi
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484 N.A. Al-Enazi and B.P. Jacob
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486 N.A. Al-Enazi and B.P. Jacob Fi
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488 N.A. Al-Enazi and B.P. Jacob pu
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42. Patient with Chronic Pelvic Pai
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42. Patient with Chronic Pelvic Pai
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43. Thoracolumbar Syndrome James A.
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43. Thoracolumbar Syndrome 497 The
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43. Thoracolumbar Syndrome 499 Groi
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44. Patient with Referred Hip Pain
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44. Patient with Referred Hip Pain
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45. Value-Based Clinical Quality Im
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46. Patient Care Manager Perspectiv
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47. Workers’ Compensation: An Occ
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532 Index Athletic pubalgia (cont.)
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534 Index Chronic post-herniorrhaph
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536 Index Groin pain (cont.) magnet
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538 Index Ilioinguinal nerve (IIN)
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540 Index Local anesthetics (cont.)
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542 Index Peripheral nerve entrapme
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544 Index S Sacroiliac (SI) joint d
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546 Index Transperineal pudendal ne
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Brian P. Jacob, David C. Chen, Bruce Ramshaw, Shirin Towfigh (eds.) - The SAGES Manual of Groin Pain-Springer International Publishing (2016)

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