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Brian P. Jacob, David C. Chen, Bruce Ramshaw, Shirin Towfigh (eds.) - The SAGES Manual of Groin Pain-Springer International Publishing (2016)

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488<br />

N.A. Al-Enazi and B.P. <strong>Jacob</strong><br />

pubalgia pain. We therefore recommend initiating treatment for pubalgia<br />

first and delaying a hernia repair until the pubalgia pain is better controlled<br />

and the patient understands the difference between the hernia<br />

pain and the pubalgia pains.<br />

<strong>The</strong> main goal <strong>of</strong> physical rehabilitation is to strengthen and stabilize<br />

the pelvis and pubic symphysis. Physical rehabilitation, usually for 6–8<br />

weeks, has been found in multiple observational studies to be effective<br />

in reducing pain among patients with osteitis pubis [ 14 ]. Conservative<br />

measures have been shown to be effective in treating osteitis pubis, and<br />

the expected duration <strong>of</strong> treatment before resolution should be around<br />

2–3 months. A majority <strong>of</strong> the patients with osteitis pubis respond very<br />

well to this modality <strong>of</strong> treatment. After the osteitis is improved or<br />

resolved, the hernia repair can then be sought.<br />

Conclusion<br />

Osteitis pubis can be easily missed when patients complain <strong>of</strong> groin<br />

pain and present with a simultaneous inguinal hernia. History and<br />

physical examination should include a high index <strong>of</strong> suspicion. If the<br />

diagnosis is suspected, the potential to make the diagnosis will increase,<br />

and thus the surgeon and the patient may be able to prevent a case <strong>of</strong><br />

chronic groin pain that would otherwise be at risk for being associated<br />

with an inguinal hernia repair. Usually, the treatment <strong>of</strong> choice for<br />

patients with osteitis pubis is conservative, with rest, painkillers, and<br />

physiotherapy or steroid injection. <strong>The</strong> healing process for most<br />

patients is 6–8 weeks. In patients who have an obvious inguinal hernia<br />

and osteitis, it is important to educate the patients about the osteitis and<br />

its associated symptoms, treatment options, and outcomes before<br />

repairing the inguinal hernia.<br />

References<br />

1. Hölmich P. Adductor-related groin pain in athletes. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev.<br />

1997;5:285–91.<br />

2. Fricker PA. Osteitis pubis. Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 1997;5:305–12.<br />

3. Ruane JJ, Rossi TA. When groin pain is more than ‘just a strain’: navigating a broad<br />

differential. Phys Sportsmed. 1998;26(4):78–103.<br />

4. Holt MA, Keene JS, Graf BK, Helwig DC. Treatment <strong>of</strong> osteitis pubis in athletes.<br />

Results <strong>of</strong> corticosteroid injections. Am J Sports Med. 1995;23(5):601–6.

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