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Brian P. Jacob, David C. Chen, Bruce Ramshaw, Shirin Towfigh (eds.) - The SAGES Manual of Groin Pain-Springer International Publishing (2016)

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444<br />

K.W. Kercher<br />

Table 34.2. Surgical technique and outcomes.<br />

Author<br />

Number<br />

Return to<br />

activity (%) Surgical technique<br />

Hackney [ 14 ] 15 87 Open inguinal floor repair<br />

Canonico [ 15 ] 16 100 Lichtenstein<br />

Ingoldby [ 4 ] 28 96 50 % Open mesh<br />

50 % Laparoscopic mesh<br />

Paajanen [ 16 ] 41 95 TEP<br />

Genitsaris [ 17 ] 131 97 TAPP<br />

Topol [ 12 ] 24 92 Pubic symphysis/adductor<br />

injection<br />

Akermark [ 13 ] 16 62 Adductor tenotomy<br />

who present with insidious, deep groin pain in the absence <strong>of</strong> an inguinal<br />

hernia, a sports hernia should be considered. Initial treatment is conservative<br />

and should involve a multidisciplinary approach (orthopedist,<br />

sports medicine, athletic trainer, and/or physical therapist). Imaging<br />

(MRI) and surgical referral may be indicated after a failure <strong>of</strong> conservative<br />

management. While small series <strong>of</strong> laparoscopic and open repair<br />

have provided encouraging results, a multicenter prospective randomized<br />

controlled trial is needed.<br />

References<br />

1. Swan Jr KG, Wolcott M. <strong>The</strong> athletic hernia: a systematic review. Clin Ortho Relat<br />

Res. 2007;455:78–87.<br />

2. Polglase AL, Frydman GM, Farmer KC. Inguinal surgery for debilitating chronic<br />

groin pain in athletes. Med J Aust. 1991;155(10):674–7.<br />

3. Gilmore OJ. Gilmore’s groin: ten years experience <strong>of</strong> groin disruption—a previously<br />

unsolved problem in sportsmen. Sports Med S<strong>of</strong>t Tissue Trauma. 1991;3:12–4.<br />

4. Ingoldby CJ. Laparoscopic and conventional repair <strong>of</strong> groin disruption in sportsmen.<br />

Br J Surg. 1997;84(2):213–5.<br />

5. van Veen RN, de Baat P, Heijboer MP, Kazemier G, Punt BJ, Dwarkasing RS, et al.<br />

Successful endoscopic treatment <strong>of</strong> chronic groin pain in athletes. Surg Endosc.<br />

2007;21(2):189–93.<br />

6. Economopoulos KJ, Milewski MD, Hanks JB, Hart JM, Diduch DR. Sports hernia<br />

treatment: modified Bassini versus minimal repair. Sports Health. 2013;5(5):463–9.<br />

7. Meyers WC, Foley DP, Garrett WE, Lohnes JH, Mandelbaum BR. Management <strong>of</strong><br />

severe lower abdominal or inguinal pain in high-performance athletes. PAIN<br />

(Performing Athletes with Abdominal or Inguinal Neuromuscular <strong>Pain</strong> Study Group.<br />

Am J Sports Med. 2000;28(1):2–8.

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