12th Congress of the European Hematology ... - Haematologica
12th Congress of the European Hematology ... - Haematologica
12th Congress of the European Hematology ... - Haematologica
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
12 th <strong>Congress</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>European</strong> <strong>Hematology</strong> Association<br />
Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma - Biology<br />
0918<br />
JUNCTIONAL ADHESION MOLECULE C DIFFERENTIATES CD27 POSITIVE B<br />
LYMPHOCYTES INTO GERMINAL CENTER AND NON-GERMINAL CENTER CELLS<br />
AND CONSTITUTES A NEW DIAGNOSTIC MARKER FOR B CELL MALIGNANCIES<br />
Th. Mat<strong>the</strong>s, 1 C. Ody, 2 S. Jungblut-Ruault, 1 D. Cossali, 1 M. Barnet, 1<br />
M. Aurrand-Lions, 2 B. Imh<strong>of</strong> 2<br />
1 University Hospital Geneva, GENEVA, Switzerland; 2 University Medical Cen-<br />
ter, GENEVA, Switzerland<br />
Differentiation <strong>of</strong> naïve B cells into plasma cells or memory cells<br />
occurs in <strong>the</strong> germinal centers (GC) <strong>of</strong> lymph follicles or alternatively via<br />
a GC- and T cell independent pathway. It is currently assumed that B<br />
cell lymphomas correlate to normal B cell differentiation stages, but <strong>the</strong><br />
precise correlation <strong>of</strong> several B cell lymphomas to <strong>the</strong>se two pathways<br />
remains controversial. We describe <strong>the</strong> junctional adhesion molecule C<br />
(JAM-C), currently identified at <strong>the</strong> cell-cell border <strong>of</strong> endo<strong>the</strong>lial cells,<br />
as a new B cell marker with a tightly regulated expression during B cell<br />
differentiation. Using RT-PCR as well as western blot analysis on sorted<br />
B cells, we first showed that <strong>the</strong> JAM-C molecule is specifically<br />
expressed on B cells. Subsequently, we produced a polyclonal antibody<br />
directed against JAM-C and we showed that JAM-C expression is regulated<br />
during B cell maturation: immature CD10 + B cell in <strong>the</strong> bone marrow<br />
do not express JAM-C; naïve, mature, peripheral blood B cells<br />
express it weakly; CD27 + memory B cells strongly; and bone marrow<br />
plasma cells are again JAM-C negative. Of particular interest, JAM-C<br />
expression divides CD27 + tonsillar B cells into two subpopulations: JAM-<br />
Cneg cells, with a phenotype <strong>of</strong> germinal center B cells and a high<br />
expression <strong>of</strong> BCL-6, a nuclear proto-oncogene with a pivotal role in GCformation,<br />
and JAM-Cpos cells, corresponding to non-germinal B cells,<br />
derived partly from <strong>the</strong> marginal zone. In vitro cultures <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> different<br />
tonsillar B cell subpopulations (CD27 + Jam-C + , CD27 + JAM-Cneg,<br />
CD27negJAM-C + ) confirmed <strong>the</strong>se results, since Ig-secretion measured<br />
after 7 days <strong>of</strong> culture, was minimal in naïve CD27neg cells, CD27 + Jam-<br />
C GC cells produced mainly IgG, and non-GC JAM-C + CD27 + B cells<br />
mainly IgM. Simultaneous analysis <strong>of</strong> JAM-C and CD27 expression in<br />
peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) from a series <strong>of</strong> 50 patients with<br />
various lymphoproliferative syndromes allowed a clear classification<br />
into two types <strong>of</strong> B cell malignancies: JAM-Cneg lymphomas (CLL,<br />
20/20 patients tested; follicular lymphoma 5/5 patients tested; mantle<br />
cell lymphoma, 5/7 patients tested), and JAM-C expressing lymphomas<br />
(marginal zone B cell lymphoma (MZBL), 9/12 patients tested; hairy cell<br />
leukemia, 6/6 patients tested). Whe<strong>the</strong>r <strong>the</strong> three cases <strong>of</strong> JAM-Cneg<br />
marginal zone lymphomas correspond to bona fide MZBL, to a new subgroup<br />
<strong>of</strong> MZBL, or ra<strong>the</strong>r to misdiagnosed atypical CLL cases, will be<br />
discussed. In conclusion, we <strong>the</strong>refore suggest that JAM-C constitutes<br />
a new diagnostic marker for <strong>the</strong> characterisation <strong>of</strong> lymphoproliferative<br />
B cell syndromes, and in particular for <strong>the</strong> positive diagnosis <strong>of</strong> lymphomas<br />
derived from <strong>the</strong> marginal zone, e.g. marginal zone B cell lymphoma<br />
and hairy cell leukemia.<br />
0919<br />
ROLE OF JUNB IN ALCL LYMPHOMA DEVELOPMENT<br />
D. Laimer, 1 P. Vesely, 2 P. Staber, 2 P. Pflegerl, 1 R. Brandes, 1<br />
M. Schlederer, 3 G. Hoefler, 2 L. Kenner1 1 Medical University Vienna, VIENNA, Austria; 2 Medical University <strong>of</strong> Graz,<br />
GRAZ, Austria; 3 LBI for cancer research, VIENNA, Austria<br />
Background. Anaplastic large-cell lymphoma (ALCL), a highly malignant<br />
form <strong>of</strong> Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, is <strong>of</strong>ten associated with <strong>the</strong><br />
generation <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> fusion protein NPM-ALK, involving <strong>the</strong> genes ALK<br />
(Anaplastic Lymphoma Kinase) and NPM (Nucleophosmin). Phenotypically,<br />
NPM-ALK positive ALCL is characterized by high expression <strong>of</strong><br />
CD 30 and <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> AP-1 transcription factor family member JunB. Mostly,<br />
JunB is viewed as an antioncogene, while <strong>the</strong> AP-1 family member<br />
cJun is a protooncogene. In ALCL, though, JunB seems to act as protooncogene.<br />
NPM-ALK is autophosphorylated, functioning as docking<br />
station for major signalling pathways (MAPK, JAK/Stat, PI3-K). Aims. In<br />
this study we investigate patho-physiological mechanisms underlying<br />
tumor formation by <strong>the</strong> NPM-ALK fusion protein and to improve diagnosis<br />
and treatment <strong>of</strong> ALCL patients. JunB could serve as diagnostic<br />
parameter for diagnosis <strong>of</strong> ALCL lymphomas. JunB or one <strong>of</strong> its target<br />
genes could also be established as a possible <strong>the</strong>rapeutic target. Meth-<br />
344 | haematologica/<strong>the</strong> hematology journal | 2007; 92(s1)<br />
ods. We used both in vivo and in vitro models to define <strong>the</strong> role <strong>of</strong> JunB in<br />
lymphomagenesis. As in vivo model we crossed transgenic mice harboring<br />
<strong>the</strong> human NPM-ALK fusionprotein expressed under <strong>the</strong> CD-4 promoter<br />
with CD-4 Cre JunBf/f mice, <strong>the</strong>reby inducing a conditional T-cell<br />
JunB knockout (cre/lox system). As in vitro models we used different<br />
NPM-ALK positive or negative human ALCL cell lines. Results. AP-1<br />
activity and composition <strong>of</strong> NPM-ALK positive and negative cell lines<br />
was compared by EMSA and supershift analysis. Our results show that<br />
AP-1 DNA-Binding activity is NPM-ALK dependent and that <strong>the</strong> Ap-1<br />
complex in NPM-ALK positive cells mainly consists <strong>of</strong> JunB. Loss <strong>of</strong><br />
JunB in T-cells <strong>of</strong> NPM-ALK transgenic mice does not result in a survival<br />
advantage, however, significantly reduced proliferation and apoptosis<br />
rates were found in vivo. The mRNA expression <strong>of</strong> JunB target genes<br />
p53 and BCL-X were markedly reduced, <strong>the</strong> expression <strong>of</strong> c-Kit and<br />
FosB increased. Stat3 protein expression, which was shown to be crucial<br />
in ALCL tumor formation, was increased. Summary. NPM-ALK positive<br />
ALCL is a highly malignant form <strong>of</strong> Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma. We<br />
showed in NPM-ALK positive ALCL cell lines that AP-1 complex, consisting<br />
largely <strong>of</strong> JunB is increased. Conditional T-cell specific loss <strong>of</strong><br />
JunB results in reduced proliferation and apoptosis rates and in a shift in<br />
oncogene expression patterns. However, deletion <strong>of</strong> JunB in <strong>the</strong> late Tcell<br />
development stage does not result in an altered survival rate.<br />
0920<br />
THE ONCOPROTEIN NPM-ALK INDUCES TRANSLATION OF AP-1 FACTORS VIA MTOR<br />
SIGNALLING<br />
P. Staber, 1 P. Vesely, 1 C. Fuchs, 1 I. Bambach, 1 S. Schauer, 1 H. Bergler, 2<br />
D. Sternberg, 3 G. Hoefler1 1 Medical University Graz, GRAZ, Austria; 2 Karl-Franzens Universität, GRAZ,<br />
Austria; 3 Mount Sinai School <strong>of</strong> Medicine, NEW YORK, USA<br />
Background. The nucleophosmin- anaplastic lymphoma kinase fusion<br />
protein (NPM-ALK) is <strong>the</strong> product <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> balanced chromosomal<br />
rearrangement t(2;5)(p23;q35) and occurs in about half <strong>of</strong> nodal anaplastic<br />
large cell lymphoma (ALCL). ALCLs are highly proliferating tumors<br />
and usually express AP-1 transcription factors which are implicated to<br />
play a crucial role in oncogenesis. Results. 1) Aberrant NPM-ALK expression<br />
induces activation <strong>of</strong> PI3Kinase/mTOR pathway and AP-1 activity<br />
in Ba/F3 cells. 2) mTOR activity is observed in 9/10 NPM-ALK positive<br />
compared to 1/15 NPM-ALK negative ALCL patient samples. 3) Inhibition<br />
<strong>of</strong> PI3K by LY294002 or <strong>of</strong> mTOR by rapamycin in NPM-ALK positive<br />
cells decreases proliferation and down-regulates protein levels <strong>of</strong><br />
<strong>the</strong> AP-1 factors c-Jun, JunB, and Fra-2. 4) mRNA levels <strong>of</strong> c-Jun, JunB,<br />
and Fra-2 are not affected by PI3K/mTOR inhibition. 5) mRNAs <strong>of</strong> AP-<br />
1 factors are translated from large polysomes but are shifted to monosomes<br />
and ribo-nucleic particles (RNPs) upon PI3K/mTOR inhibition<br />
and serum starvation. 6) We found a highly conserved region within<br />
<strong>the</strong> untranslated region <strong>of</strong> AP-1 mRNA which is involved in translational<br />
regulation. Conclusions. Our findings reveal that AP-1 factors are a critical<br />
target <strong>of</strong> mTOR and are translationally deregulated in NPM-ALK<br />
positive lymphomas. This is <strong>the</strong> first study to demonstrate translational<br />
control <strong>of</strong> AP-1 transcription factors in human neoplasia.<br />
0921<br />
ANALYSIS OF MICRORNAS EXPRESSION PATTERN IN CLASSICAL HODGKIN LYMPHOMA<br />
A. Navarro, 1 A. Gaya, 2 A. Urbano-Ispizua, 2 A. Pons, 1 A. Martinez, 3<br />
B. Gel, 1 O. Balague, 3 P. Abrisqueta, 2 A. Lopez-Guillermo, 2 R. Artells, 1<br />
E. Montserrat, 2 M. Monzo1 1 University <strong>of</strong> Barcelona, BARCELONA; 2 <strong>Hematology</strong> -Hospital Clinic,<br />
BARCELONA; 3 Hematopathology Section, Lab <strong>of</strong> Pathology, BARCELONA,<br />
Spain<br />
Background. Mature microRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA<br />
molecules <strong>of</strong> 21-25 nucleotides that act as negative regulators <strong>of</strong> translation<br />
<strong>of</strong> mRNA to protein. There is evidence that miRNAs play an<br />
important role in carcinogenesis and <strong>the</strong>y can act as oncogene and<br />
tumour supressor gene. Is Known that miRNAs expression can define a<br />
tumour better than <strong>the</strong> mRNA expression pattern. Aims. The objective<br />
<strong>of</strong> this study was to analyze <strong>the</strong> miRNAs expression patterns in lymph<br />
nodes from patients with classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) in comparison<br />
to reactive lymph nodes. Moreover, we investigated <strong>the</strong> miRNAs<br />
pattern <strong>of</strong> cHL depending on Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV) presence. Methods.<br />
We analyzed 157 mature miRNAs by Real time PCR in ABI PRISM<br />
7500 in 49 lymph nodes from patients diagnosed with cHL (37 Nodular