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NanoSafetyCluster - Compendium 2012 Table 2 Technical & Scientific Workpackages (WP) of NanoSafePACK WP Title Description 1 Characterisation of Nanofillers The nanoclays and metal oxide nanoparticles employed in the packaging industry will be clearly identified, taking into account the list of endpoints published by the OCDE in relation to the nanomaterial identification and physicochemical properties. 2 Hazard Assessment To characterize the toxicological and ecotoxicological profile of each nanofiller identified in the previous workpackage. To assess the changes induced by the functionalization of the nanofillers in relation to their toxicological and ecotoxicological profile. To assess the toxicity and ecotoxicity of the nanocomposites as such. To characterize a hazard indicator based on the particle migration potential. 3 Development of Exposure Scenarios 4 Environmental impact of nanocomposites for packaging 5 Development of the Best Practices Guide 6 Field Testing and Validation 7 Project coordination and management The exposure assessment work package will extend the experience-based understanding of appropriate practices for the safe production, processing and use of nancomposites based on nanoclays and metal oxide nanoparticles. The objective is to carry out exposure characterisation for the production and processing of nanoclays and metal oxide nanoparticles and their release assessment as a part of the nanocomposites during the consumer stage, this will include: a) A comprehensive set of exposure scenarios in the production, processing and use of nanocomposites. b) Exposure assessments for key scenarios identified, using data obtained from measurements gathered under real operative conditions and information from the literature. Environmental impacts will be analysed applying Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method for nanoclays and for metal oxide nanoparticles. The LCAs will be developed in accordance with the internationally accepted ISO standards 14040 and 14044. In addition, management alternatives for nanocomposites wastes will be analysed. Environmental information from this WP will be useful for researchers to choose the best options for future development of nanocomposites. The purpose of this workpackage will be principally the development of the best practices guide thought the integration of the project results. To develop that best practices guide, the following objectives must be covered within this workpackage: Design of the best practice structure an contents, Integration of the project results, Redaction and validation of the guide. To validate the applicability of the best practices guide in the SMEs (Demonstration). To prove the viability of the solutions proposed in the industrials settings. To evaluate the effectiveness of the risk management measures proposed. To evaluate the improvement of the nanocomposite’s safety once applied the best practices referenced on the guide. The overall objective is to ensure that the objectives of the different Work Packages are reached and activities complete in accordance with the time schedule and the deliverables and milestones are reported. 8 Project dissemination The objective of WP8 is to ensure right development and impact of project dissemination and training activities. 184 Compendium of Projects in the European NanoSafety Cluster
The workpackages and their interdependence are shown schematically below: WP 1 – Characterisation of Nanofillers (ITENE) Partners: IOM T1.1 Identification and selection of nanometer-sized particles employed as nanofillers T1.2. Full Characterisation ofnanofillers WP 2 – Hazard Assessment (IOM) Partners: ITENE T2.1. Toxicity testing T2.2. Ecotoxicology testing T2.3. Environmental fate T2.4. Particle migration potential WP 3 – Development of Exposure Scenarios (IOM) Partners: ITENE T3.1. Exposure Characterisation T3.2. Exposure measurement T3.3. Risk Management and Control Measures WP 6 – Field Testing and Validation (ITENE) / Partners: IOM T6.1. Viability Test of nanofillers T6.2. Validation of Risk Management Measures T6.3. Effectiveness of predictions on particle migration and release T6.4. Valuation of best practices guide application T6.5. Implementation of the best practices guide procedures WP 7 – Project Coordination and management (PLASPER) WP 8 – Project Dissemination (EUPC) 5 Advances over the state of the art Due to the variability of the properties of the nanoreinforcements considered and the evident lack of information about the potential effects and impacts of nano-sized materials on human health and environment, we have not been able to identify any manual or guide that can provide valuable advice about the use of layered organoclays and metal oxide particles. This is what the NanoSafePACK project will provide, a specific guide to improve the use of nanoparticles in order to develop functional materials, controlling the exposure to nanoparticles in the worker environment and minimizing the release potential during the service life of the polymer. Besides the above, the NanosafePACK project will work to progress beyond the current knowledge related to applicability of nanoparticles as nanofillers, as well as the enhancement of knowledge about the health and environmental impacts of the target nanoparticles and nanocomposites. In this sense, the project will take into account the “baseline data” in order to measure our progress, considering also the current research activities related to the field of work of NanosafePACK, avoiding the duplicity of efforts. The main baseline data to be considered will be: - Studies and research concerning the applicability of nanoparticles as nanofillers. WP 4.Environmental impact of nanocomposites for packaging (ITENE) Partner: IOM T4.1. L.C.A: objective, scope and inventory analysis. T4.2. Environmental impact assessment and interpretation T4.3. Nanomaterials waste management alternatives NanoSafetyCluster - Compendium 2012 WP 5 – Development of the best Practices Guide (IOM) Partners: ITENE Task 5.1. Design of the best practices guide. Task 5.2. Integrations of the project results Task 5.3. redaction and approbation of the best practices guide - Available data on toxicological and ecotoxicological properties of the target NPs and nanocomposites - Available data on migration studies - Available data on exposure assessment methodologies - Current risk management strategies recommended - Existing manuals and handbooks In relation to the existing references, several studies on polymer nanocomposites have been identified in the bibliography, however, none of them represent a direct guide to be applied at all stages of nanocomposites production, use and disposal, and do not take into account the concerns related to workers and consumers safety. In addition, we have not been able to identify any study specifically relating to the potential release of nanoparticles from the polymeric matrix, and even fewer in relation to the methodologies to be employed in migration studies involving nanoparticles. In relation to the emerging research, we have identified several projects working on aspects related with some of the objectives pursued by our project, e.g. safe handling of nanoparticles, risks associated with the production of polymer nanocomposites and toxicological impact of nanomaterials derived from processing, weathering and recycling of polymer nanocomposites, nevertheless, these projects are not specifically aimed at SME Compendium of Projects in the European NanoSafety Cluster 185
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Compendium of Projects in the Europ
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EDITED BY Michael Riediker, PD Dr.s
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CONTENTS NanoSafetyCluster - Compen
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Project Acronym ENNSATOX ENPRA EURO
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Foreword NanoSafetyCluster - Compen
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ENNSATOX ENgineered Nanoparticle Im
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The biological membrane and its dep
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distinguishes between the interacti
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Figure 10. Schematic representation
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WP5: • Permeability of NPs in hyd
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NanoSafetyCluster - Compendium 2012
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ENPRA RISK ASSESSMENT OF ENGINEERED
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vitro findings with in vivo models;
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protocols with real biological samp
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and it was organised in the frame o
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ad
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EURO-NanoTox European Center for Na
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silver nanoparticles, iron nanopart
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The core functions of the Center, h
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8 Directory Table 1 Directory of pe
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HINAMOX Health Impact of Engineered
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High Resolution Electron Microscopy
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integrated risk assessment. Integra
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powders: What is the difference in
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InLiveTox Intestinal, Liver and End
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- to develop and validate a novel m
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environments, IEEE Industrial Elect
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INSTANT Innovative Sensor for the f
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complementary research which will l
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7 Copyright NanoSafetyCluster - Com
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ITS-NANO Intelligent testing strate
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approach to conveying the appropria
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in the discussion. The integration
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MARINA MANAGING RISKS of NANOMATERI
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for risk analysis, these tools need
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environmental ENM toxicity, but tox
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propose it as a Method Validation F
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and SiO2-NM200 and NM203, and a SiO
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ModNanoTox Modelling nanoparticle t
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3) To model environmental exposure
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Nanodetector European Network on th
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measurement interval. Measurements
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5 Directory Table 1 Directory of pe
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NANODEVICE Novel Concepts, Methods,
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ENP in order to be sure of their sa
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4.3 Exploring the association betwe
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NanoFATE Nanoparticle Fate Assessme
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or proteins associated with particu
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sludge. Information on rates of slu
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The exposures to be conducted will
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NanoFATE progression beyond the “
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