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NanoSafetyCluster - Compendium 2012 A number of methods and protocols for assessing NMs toxicity in vitro using different cell lines have been well established, which can be applied to toxicity assessment of NMs from other sources. In detail: • In vitro protocols for the analysis of lung bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and blood serum lipid and protein oxidation have been developed and adapted to present samples. • Cell culture conditions including cell seeding density and incubation times for NPs toxicity study have been optimized. • The methodologies for cell viability study and ROS assay have been adapted to envisaged samples. Ames test methodology for the evaluation of bacterial mutation has been adapted to envisaged samples. • Characterization method of selected raw nanoparticles in culture medium based on FT-IR has been developed. • Evaluated cytotoxicity endpoints so far have included cell viability (MTT test), intracellular reactive oxygen species generation (ROS) and cellular membrane damage via LDH Assay. WP5 – Environmental implications of engineered nanomaterials The main objective WP5 is the assessment of the environmental life-cycle impacts of selected nanomaterials as alternatives to conventional materials. This analysis also intends to provide a baseline life-cycle assessment (LCA) of the alternative nanomaterials. This evaluation involves studying the persistence, bioaccumulation, toxicity and ecotoxicity of such nanoparticles and, the analysis of their risks and hazards in different abiotic media. So far, raw nanoparticles that have been selected for composites nano-reinforcement have been evaluated for ecotoxicological assessment as those analyses allow establishing and optimizing the experimental conditions for further investigations. A consensus in the strategy for the evaluation of environmental impacts in samples originated in WP3 has been reached, with the main target of all project partners evaluating the same (nano)objects. The evaluation of dust suspensions has proven that all dust samples except those incorporating nano-SiO2 were not toxic to bacteria (E.coli and SODAB mutant) under UV or in the dark after 24H Exposition. However dust from nano-SiO2 composite (mainly PA and PP) exhibit toxicity. Further assessments are actually on progress. The evaluation of bioaccumulation and toxicity of FGC as an alternative to conventional insulation building materials has been carried out. FGC is a volumetric material, incorporating nanoscale structural elements, produced by heat treatment (~ 800-850° C) of amorphous matrix containing crystalline phase in the form of SiO2, when the crystalline phase in the foaming process is reduced to nano-sized. This estimate has provided an analysis of environmental risks and hazards of FGC in nonresidential buildings. To identify environmental hazards logic and graphical analysis methods such as "tree of failures" and "tree of events" have been used. The studies indicate that FGC products meet European standards for health protection and preservation the environment at all the stages of its production and application which allows using this material in construction, ensuring the absence of toxic substances and danger to human health. WP6, actually on progress, aims to make available the understanding of the safety, environmental and health implications of nanomaterials in order to define the appropriate measures and minimise the exposure of workers. Guidelines for responsible management of waste nanomaterials are also being developed. 5 NEPHH Project Dissemination The list of articles released within the second year of NEPHH includes: § Kaz'mina O.V. Effect of the component composition and oxidation - reduction characteristics of mixes on foaming of pyroplastic silicate pastes. Glass and Ceramics, Vol.67, Nos.3 – 4, 2010, pp. 109-113. § Sachse S., Irfan A., Zhu H., Njuguna J. Morphology studies of nanodust generated from polyurethane/nanoclay nanofoams following mechanical fracture. Journal of Nanostructured Polymers and Nanocomposites , 2010. § Adeel Irfan, Sophia Sachse, James Njuguna, Huijun Zhu*, Ainhoa Egizabal, Krzysztof Pielichowski, María Blázquez. Are engineered nanomaterials safe? Focusing on polymernanosilica composites throughout their life cycle. Accepted, 2010. § Kazmina O.V., Semukhin B.C., Mukhortova A.V. Structural and mechanical characteristics of high performance heatinsulating foamglass material// Construction and Building Materials, 2011. § J. Njuguna, S. Sachse, I. Adeel H. Zhu, S. Michalowski, K. Pielichowski. ‘Nanoparticles Released from Structural Nano-enhanced Products Following Mechanical Loading at Low Velocity Impacts: A Case Study on Structural Polyurethane Nanoreinforced Foams’ - 'MODERN POLYMERIC MATERIALS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL APPLICATIONS', Vol. 4, Iss. 1, pp. 247-254. Other Dissemination Materials for NEPHH Include: - Six Montlhy Newsletter. - Six Montlhy Dissemination Bulletin including main outcomes of the Technological Surveillance System. - Project Brochure and Leaflet. - NEPHH Project’s Webpage. - Project’s Press Releases (both on internet support and printed media). - NANOLCA 2011 – In a joint effort with NANOPOLYTOX and HINAMOX FP7 founded projects. 222 Compendium of Projects in the European NanoSafety Cluster
6 NEPHH’s Expectations NEPHH will contribute to ensure the generation of quantitative data on engineered nanomaterial toxicology and ecotoxicology and to close the knowledge gap, providing the basis for meeting regulatory requirements for responsible and sustainable 7 Directory Table 1 Directory of people involved in this project. NanoSafetyCluster - Compendium 2012 development of Nanotechnology. Validated testing strategies for novel materials are envisaged. First Name Last Name Affiliation Address e-mail Juan Antonio Gascón EKOTEK C/ Ribera de Axpe, 11, Edif. D-1, Oficina 208 48950 Erandio (Bizkaia) SPAIN James Njuguna CRAN Cranfield, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL United Kingdom Oleksandr Kuzmenko IBC 9 Leontovicha Street, Kiev, 01601, UKRAINE Krzysztof Pielichowski CUT Ul. Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, POLAND Svetlana Chursina TPU 30, Lenin Avenue, RUS-634050, Tomsk RUSSIA Ainhoa Egizabal TECNALIA Mikeletegi Pasealekua, 2, Parque Tecnológico E-20009 DONOSTIA-SAN SEBASTIÁN SPAIN Jerome Rose CRNS 31, chemin Joseph Aiguier 13402 Marseille cedex 20 FRANCE Marco Giacomelli GZE Via Nove, 2/A 50056- Montelupo F no (FI) ITALY Eduardo Nicolás APA Portuetxe, 14 - Edificio Ibaeta 20018 SAN SEBASTIÁN SPAIN Valentina Ermini LAVIOSA Via Leonardo da Vinci 21, 57123 Livorno, ITALY 8 Copyright jagascon@ekotek.es j.njuguna@cranfield.ac.uk akuzm@hotmail.com kpielich@usk.pk.edu.pl churs@cc.tpu.edu.ru ainhoa.egizabal@tecnalia.com rose@cerege.fr nephh@gzespace.com documentacion@apa.es vermini@laviosa.it Disclaimer: Most parts of this document were published before under the creative commons attribution license 3.0. © 2012, EKOTEK S.L., Ribera de Axpe, 11, Edif. D-1, Room 208, 48950 Erandio (Spain) on behalf of the NEPHH Consortium. NEPHH is a Collaborative Project under the NMP-2008-1.3-2 Theme of the European Commission's 7th Framework Programme. This is an Open Access document distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Anyone is free: • to Share — to copy, distribute and transmit the work • to Remix — to adapt the work • to make commercial use of the work; Under the following conditions: Attribution • NEPHH and the European Commission's 7th Framework Programme must be given credit, but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work; • For any reuse or distribution, you must make clear to others the license terms of this work. The best way to do this is with a link to this web page: http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ Statutory fair use and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Compendium of Projects in the European NanoSafety Cluster 223
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Compendium of Projects in the Europ
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EDITED BY Michael Riediker, PD Dr.s
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CONTENTS NanoSafetyCluster - Compen
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Project Acronym ENNSATOX ENPRA EURO
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Foreword NanoSafetyCluster - Compen
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ENNSATOX ENgineered Nanoparticle Im
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The biological membrane and its dep
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distinguishes between the interacti
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Figure 10. Schematic representation
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WP5: • Permeability of NPs in hyd
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NanoSafetyCluster - Compendium 2012
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ENPRA RISK ASSESSMENT OF ENGINEERED
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vitro findings with in vivo models;
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protocols with real biological samp
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and it was organised in the frame o
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First Name Last Name Affiliation Ad
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EURO-NanoTox European Center for Na
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silver nanoparticles, iron nanopart
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The core functions of the Center, h
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8 Directory Table 1 Directory of pe
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HINAMOX Health Impact of Engineered
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High Resolution Electron Microscopy
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integrated risk assessment. Integra
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powders: What is the difference in
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InLiveTox Intestinal, Liver and End
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- to develop and validate a novel m
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environments, IEEE Industrial Elect
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INSTANT Innovative Sensor for the f
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complementary research which will l
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7 Copyright NanoSafetyCluster - Com
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ITS-NANO Intelligent testing strate
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approach to conveying the appropria
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in the discussion. The integration
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MARINA MANAGING RISKS of NANOMATERI
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for risk analysis, these tools need
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environmental ENM toxicity, but tox
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propose it as a Method Validation F
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and SiO2-NM200 and NM203, and a SiO
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ModNanoTox Modelling nanoparticle t
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3) To model environmental exposure
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Nanodetector European Network on th
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measurement interval. Measurements
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5 Directory Table 1 Directory of pe
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NANODEVICE Novel Concepts, Methods,
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ENP in order to be sure of their sa
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4.3 Exploring the association betwe
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NanoFATE Nanoparticle Fate Assessme
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or proteins associated with particu
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sludge. Information on rates of slu
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The exposures to be conducted will
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NanoFATE progression beyond the “
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