Bilingual Tech Mapping for Pulp Paper Guideline - Asosiasi Pulp ...

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CHAPTER V ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT IN PULP AND PAPER INDUSTRY 5.1 Liquid Waste Management The liquid waste pulp and paper industry is highly polluting, so can have an impact on the environmental equilibrium in particular bodies of receiver water. Waste characteristics varies greatly depending on the stage of the process in which wastewater is derived. The main contaminant material in waste is organic material from raw materials of fibers, and organic and inorganic chemicals are added during the production process, such as heavy metals. Technological developments that lead to increased efficiency of production processes and recycling of water has been reducing the amount of liquid waste that is formed, but the changing characteristics of the waste becomes more concentrated. Characteristics of wastewater containing contaminant materials with high organic content are complex and will bring problems if disposed off without proper management. In the management of wastewater treatment is needed so that when thrown out of the factory achieve effluent quality standards as required so as not to exceed the carrying capacity of the receiving environment Decision on wastewater treatment technologies process is based on waste characteristics, reliability and performance of the process, as well as environmental considerations. Wastewater treatment of pulp and paper can be done by steps through the treatment of physics, Page 65 of 132
chemistry, and biology process or a combination thereof in accordance with the target expected results 5.1.1 Processing Technology i. Physics - Chemistry Process This process is usually used at the beginning of processing; the goal is to eliminate pollutants, especially suspended solids in the paper industry that uses recycled paper in its raw material. The separation of suspended solids and colloidal fines required the addition of alum coagulant and flocculants polyelectrolytes (PE). Sedimentation process is a series of processes after coagulation - flocculation is used to separate the sludge that is formed from the processed wastewater. Energy consumption in the processing system of physics - chemistry as a whole is about 20 - 30 kW/m3. The energy used to run pumps and agitators in the equalization basin, bath tub mixer and clarifier chemical. ii. Biological Process Industrial wastewater treatment of pulp with the primary objective is to set aside biological contaminants dissolved organic compounds with the aid of microbial activity. This process of biological wastewater treatment is important, especially for industries that implement water recycling system or a closed system. Based on the need for oxygen to support growth and microbial activity, biological treatment is divided into aerobic and anaerobic processes. Aerobic process is used to process liquid waste organic matter content is relatively simple or easy to biodegrade. While anaerobic preferred to treat wastewater of high organic Page 66 of 132
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KEMENTERIAN PERINDUSTRIAN BALAI BES
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PEDOMAN PEMETAAN TEKNOLOGI DI INDUS
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RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF Perkembangan pe
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delignifikasi berlanjut (extended d
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potensi untuk dimanfaatkan. Atas da
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3.4. Optimasi kinerja Chemical Reco
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DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1.1. Prediksi
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Tabel 3.1 Konservasi energi pada pe
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umi naik 0,5 o C, angka ini akan na
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kertas, industri tekstil, indusri k
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Gambar 1.1 Prediksi Emisi GRK di In
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tahun 2009, perusahaan industri pul
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pulp dan kertas dibandingkan dengan
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Tabel 1.8 Rincian Besaran Emisi Kar
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Pada pembuatan pulp mekanis lignin
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Gambar 2.1 Diagram Proses Pabrik Pu
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(misalnya, dissolving, non-kayu). P
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meningkatkan kandungan padatannya m
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Kondensat Recovery boiler Panas sek
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dari proses pemulihan kembali bahan
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Gambar 2.5 Distribusi Konsumsi Ener
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2.3.1 Pengelolaan Limbah cair Ditin
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Teknologi pengelolaan melalui peman
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BAB III TEKNOLOGI PROSES PULPING HE
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Tabel 3.1 Konservasi energi pada pe
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Gambar 3.2 Dimensi tumpukan serpih
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Gambar 3.4 Ringkasan berbagai siklu
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yang selanjutnya disimpan dalam hot
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Gambar 3.6 Digester kontinyu dengan
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Ringkasan konservasi energi pada pa
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wash master. Dilution factor sekita
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Tabel 3.4 Konservasi energi pada si
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3.5 Optimasi kinerja Power Boiler b
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Tabel 3.5.Konservasi energi pada si
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Konservasi energi lain yang dapat d
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4.1.2 Mesin Kertas : Bagian Pembent
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ditingkatkan dari 15 % menjadi 60 -
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Tabel 4.1 Perbandingan Kinerja Tekn
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Tabel 4.2 Peluang Penghematan Energ
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Tabel 4.4 Sumber Emisi Karbon pada
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BAB V PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN PADA I
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diutamakan untuk mengolah air limba
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Untuk mengoptimalkan dan mendistrib
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5.1.2 Pengembangan Teknologi Anaero
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merupakan sumber karbon yang berkon
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Gambar 5.1 Fase-Fase Pada Tahapan P
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memasang peralatan seperti turbin,
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5.2.2.1.a. Rotary Kiln Incinerator
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Di Indonesia, penerapan insinerator
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mikroba termofilik. Pada suhu di at
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5.2.3.1.b. Proses pengomposon siste
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zat organik telah dipertimbangkan s
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Gambar 5.8 Digestasi Anaerobik Satu
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meningkatkan produktivitas berbagai
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menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran u
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Gambar 5.10. (A). Cyclone dan Multi
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Gambar 5.12. Electrostatic Precipit
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disemprotkan dan mengalir ke bawah
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Counter Current Packed Tower Bubble
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Metode FGD Metode Kering Absorben R
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NOx yang terbentuk sebagai hasil pe
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Metoda Non selective catalytic redu
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BAB VI PENUTUP Indonesia ikut berpe
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Teknologi pengelolaan lingkungan me
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Gavrilescu, D. 2008. “Energy from
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Stultz, S.C., and J.B. Kitto., 2000
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No Company Name APPENDIX 1 DISTRIBU
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LANJUTAN No Company Name Mill Site
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LANJUTAN No Company Name Mill Site
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APPENDIX 2 PAPER CONSUMPTION IN VAR
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APPENDIX 2 (continuation) Country C
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Coated wood-free paper - integrated
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APPENDIX 4 ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR U
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MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY CENTER FOR PUL
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TECHNOLOGY MAPPING GUIDELINE FOR PU
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The development o
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pulp bleaching done by adding a hea
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device SOx and NOx and also control
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3.3 Application Washing Technologie
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Figure 3.7 Black Liquor Impregnatio
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Table 3.5 Conservation Of Energy In
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15% CH4, CFCs by 12% and 4% N2O, an
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governments and stakeholders as a b
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Figure 1.1 Forecast of GHG Emission
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paper industry in Indonesia are 81
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Table 1.5 Specific Energy Consumpti
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Table 1.8 Details of Carbon Emissio
Page 177 and 178: have a good opacity, and easy to ab
Page 179 and 180: Figure 2.1 Process Diagram of Kraft
Page 181 and 182: Kraft pulping process using alkalin
Page 183 and 184: urned, and Na2SO4 reduced to Na2S.
Page 185 and 186: Kondensat Recovery boiler Secondary
Page 187 and 188: Pulp mills in Indonesia fulfill the
Page 189 and 190: The main energy source used in the
Page 191 and 192: alkaline pH, high contamination COD
Page 193 and 194: will be generated carbon emission s
Page 195 and 196: CHAPTER III PULPING TECHNOLOGY FOR
Page 197 and 198: Table 3.1 Conservation Of Energy In
Page 199 and 200: Figure 3.1 Mechanism of chip damage
Page 201 and 202: Figure 3.3 Cycle Of Displacement Ba
Page 203 and 204: Figure 3.5 System RDH equipment / S
Page 205 and 206: With a uniform temperature througho
Page 207 and 208: Table 3.2 Conservation Of Energy in
Page 209 and 210: 3.3 Application Washing Technologie
Page 211 and 212: Udara kuaterner Udara sekunder ting
Page 213 and 214: sootblowing intelligent sootblowing
Page 215 and 216: Figure 3.11 FBC and CFBC Page 52 of
Page 217 and 218: Other energy conservation can be do
Page 219 and 220: process of separating water from th
Page 221 and 222: facilities. For the hood that uses
Page 223 and 224: 4.2 Saving Energy and Carbon Emissi
Page 225 and 226: Table 4.3 Best 2009 World Energy In
Page 227: Table 4.5 Overview of Investment Fo
Page 231 and 232: ii. b. Anaerobic System Anaerobic p
Page 233 and 234: experience growth to form granular
Page 235 and 236: Table 5.1. Sources and Types of Sol
Page 237 and 238: There are several solid waste manag
Page 239 and 240: technology development is equipped
Page 241 and 242: esulting energy for steam productio
Page 243 and 244: With this system, the fluidization
Page 245 and 246: In the composting process temperatu
Page 247 and 248: closed system requires an investmen
Page 249 and 250: generally composed of CH 4 55-70%;
Page 251 and 252: Figure 5.8 Anaerobic Digestion One
Page 253 and 254: Figure 5.9 Flowchart of Two Phase A
Page 255 and 256: Table 5.4 Sources and Characteristi
Page 257 and 258: 5.3.2.1 Separation of Particulate P
Page 259 and 260: ). Filter Cloth (Fabric Filter) The
Page 261 and 262: time. Separation of pollutants carr
Page 263 and 264: Figure 5.14 Packed Tower Scrubber B
Page 265 and 266: C. SOx Gas Control SOx gases can be
Page 267 and 268: Type of FGD Method Dry Method Absor
Page 269 and 270: D. NOx Gas Control NOx emission can
Page 271 and 272: Method Selective non catalytic redu
Page 273 and 274: incoming gas fan. To avoid the risk
Page 275 and 276: Some processes that can save energy
Page 277 and 278: REFERENCES Adams, Terry N., 1997,.
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Industry”, Environmental Energy T
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_____EPA, 2010. “Available and Em
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CONTINUE No Company Name Mill Site
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APPENDIX 2 (continuation) Consumpti
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APPENDIX 3 SPECIFIC ENERGY CONSUMPT
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Source : all data taken from [249,
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APENDIX 4 GHG EMISSION FROM VARIOUS
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