Bilingual Tech Mapping for Pulp Paper Guideline - Asosiasi Pulp ...

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Gambar 3.2 Dimensi tumpukan serpih yang optimal 3.2 Modifikasi teknologi delignifikasi berlanjut (extended delignification) pada sistem pemasakan (cooking) Prinsip dasar memperoleh pulp bilangan kappa rendah adalah mengatur selektifitas delignifikasi dengan metoda antara lain : - Konsentrasi alkali aktif harus rendah pada awal pemasakan dan dipertahankan agar relatif seragam selama pemasakan - Konsentrasi SH- harus tinggi, terutama selama awal delignifikasi - Kandungan lignin yang terlarut dalam cairan pemasak harus dipertahankan agar tetap rendah, terutama pada tahap akhir pemasakan Prinsip prosesnya adalah menyimpan black liquor pada proses cooking untuk digunakan (re-use) pada cooking berikutnya. Semakin banyak siklus proses yang Halaman 36 dari 131
harus dilalui seperti pada Gambar 3, semakin hemat energi yang diperlukan. Gambar 3.3 Siklus proses displacement batch cooking Metoda yang dapat digunakan pada sistem batch adalah modifikasi digester displacement cooking dengan cara cold blow, rapid displacement cooking, superbatch, enerbatch. Sedangkan modifikasi pada digester digester kontinyu adalah isothermal cooking, lo-solids, black liquor impregnation (compact cooking atau impregnation bin). Halaman 37 dari 131
Page 2 and 3: KEMENTERIAN PERINDUSTRIAN BALAI BES
Page 4 and 5: PEDOMAN PEMETAAN TEKNOLOGI DI INDUS
Page 6 and 7: RINGKASAN EKSEKUTIF Perkembangan pe
Page 8 and 9: delignifikasi berlanjut (extended d
Page 10 and 11: potensi untuk dimanfaatkan. Atas da
Page 12 and 13: 3.4. Optimasi kinerja Chemical Reco
Page 14 and 15: DAFTAR GAMBAR Gambar 1.1. Prediksi
Page 16 and 17: Tabel 3.1 Konservasi energi pada pe
Page 18 and 19: umi naik 0,5 o C, angka ini akan na
Page 20 and 21: kertas, industri tekstil, indusri k
Page 22 and 23: Gambar 1.1 Prediksi Emisi GRK di In
Page 24 and 25: tahun 2009, perusahaan industri pul
Page 26 and 27: pulp dan kertas dibandingkan dengan
Page 28 and 29: Tabel 1.8 Rincian Besaran Emisi Kar
Page 30 and 31: Pada pembuatan pulp mekanis lignin
Page 32 and 33: Gambar 2.1 Diagram Proses Pabrik Pu
Page 34 and 35: (misalnya, dissolving, non-kayu). P
Page 36 and 37: meningkatkan kandungan padatannya m
Page 38 and 39: Kondensat Recovery boiler Panas sek
Page 40 and 41: dari proses pemulihan kembali bahan
Page 42 and 43: Gambar 2.5 Distribusi Konsumsi Ener
Page 44 and 45: 2.3.1 Pengelolaan Limbah cair Ditin
Page 46 and 47: Teknologi pengelolaan melalui peman
Page 48 and 49: BAB III TEKNOLOGI PROSES PULPING HE
Page 50 and 51: Tabel 3.1 Konservasi energi pada pe
Page 54 and 55: Gambar 3.4 Ringkasan berbagai siklu
Page 56 and 57: yang selanjutnya disimpan dalam hot
Page 58 and 59: Gambar 3.6 Digester kontinyu dengan
Page 60 and 61: Ringkasan konservasi energi pada pa
Page 62 and 63: wash master. Dilution factor sekita
Page 64 and 65: Tabel 3.4 Konservasi energi pada si
Page 66 and 67: 3.5 Optimasi kinerja Power Boiler b
Page 68 and 69: Tabel 3.5.Konservasi energi pada si
Page 70 and 71: Konservasi energi lain yang dapat d
Page 72 and 73: 4.1.2 Mesin Kertas : Bagian Pembent
Page 74 and 75: ditingkatkan dari 15 % menjadi 60 -
Page 76 and 77: Tabel 4.1 Perbandingan Kinerja Tekn
Page 78 and 79: Tabel 4.2 Peluang Penghematan Energ
Page 80 and 81: Tabel 4.4 Sumber Emisi Karbon pada
Page 82 and 83: BAB V PENGELOLAAN LINGKUNGAN PADA I
Page 84 and 85: diutamakan untuk mengolah air limba
Page 86 and 87: Untuk mengoptimalkan dan mendistrib
Page 88 and 89: 5.1.2 Pengembangan Teknologi Anaero
Page 90 and 91: merupakan sumber karbon yang berkon
Page 92 and 93: Gambar 5.1 Fase-Fase Pada Tahapan P
Page 94 and 95: memasang peralatan seperti turbin,
Page 96 and 97: 5.2.2.1.a. Rotary Kiln Incinerator
Page 98 and 99: Di Indonesia, penerapan insinerator
Page 100 and 101: mikroba termofilik. Pada suhu di at
Page 102 and 103:
5.2.3.1.b. Proses pengomposon siste
Page 104 and 105:
zat organik telah dipertimbangkan s
Page 106 and 107:
Gambar 5.8 Digestasi Anaerobik Satu
Page 108 and 109:
meningkatkan produktivitas berbagai
Page 110 and 111:
menyebabkan terjadinya pencemaran u
Page 112 and 113:
Gambar 5.10. (A). Cyclone dan Multi
Page 114 and 115:
Gambar 5.12. Electrostatic Precipit
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disemprotkan dan mengalir ke bawah
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Counter Current Packed Tower Bubble
Page 120 and 121:
Metode FGD Metode Kering Absorben R
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NOx yang terbentuk sebagai hasil pe
Page 124 and 125:
Metoda Non selective catalytic redu
Page 126 and 127:
BAB VI PENUTUP Indonesia ikut berpe
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Teknologi pengelolaan lingkungan me
Page 130 and 131:
Gavrilescu, D. 2008. “Energy from
Page 132 and 133:
Stultz, S.C., and J.B. Kitto., 2000
Page 134 and 135:
No Company Name APPENDIX 1 DISTRIBU
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LANJUTAN No Company Name Mill Site
Page 138 and 139:
LANJUTAN No Company Name Mill Site
Page 140 and 141:
APPENDIX 2 PAPER CONSUMPTION IN VAR
Page 142 and 143:
APPENDIX 2 (continuation) Country C
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Coated wood-free paper - integrated
Page 146 and 147:
APPENDIX 4 ENERGY CONSUMPTION FOR U
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MINISTRY OF INDUSTRY CENTER FOR PUL
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TECHNOLOGY MAPPING GUIDELINE FOR PU
Page 153 and 154:
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The development o
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pulp bleaching done by adding a hea
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device SOx and NOx and also control
Page 159 and 160:
3.3 Application Washing Technologie
Page 161 and 162:
Figure 3.7 Black Liquor Impregnatio
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Table 3.5 Conservation Of Energy In
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15% CH4, CFCs by 12% and 4% N2O, an
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governments and stakeholders as a b
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Figure 1.1 Forecast of GHG Emission
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paper industry in Indonesia are 81
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Table 1.5 Specific Energy Consumpti
Page 175 and 176:
Table 1.8 Details of Carbon Emissio
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have a good opacity, and easy to ab
Page 179 and 180:
Figure 2.1 Process Diagram of Kraft
Page 181 and 182:
Kraft pulping process using alkalin
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urned, and Na2SO4 reduced to Na2S.
Page 185 and 186:
Kondensat Recovery boiler Secondary
Page 187 and 188:
Pulp mills in Indonesia fulfill the
Page 189 and 190:
The main energy source used in the
Page 191 and 192:
alkaline pH, high contamination COD
Page 193 and 194:
will be generated carbon emission s
Page 195 and 196:
CHAPTER III PULPING TECHNOLOGY FOR
Page 197 and 198:
Table 3.1 Conservation Of Energy In
Page 199 and 200:
Figure 3.1 Mechanism of chip damage
Page 201 and 202:
Figure 3.3 Cycle Of Displacement Ba
Page 203 and 204:
Figure 3.5 System RDH equipment / S
Page 205 and 206:
With a uniform temperature througho
Page 207 and 208:
Table 3.2 Conservation Of Energy in
Page 209 and 210:
3.3 Application Washing Technologie
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Udara kuaterner Udara sekunder ting
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sootblowing intelligent sootblowing
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Figure 3.11 FBC and CFBC Page 52 of
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Other energy conservation can be do
Page 219 and 220:
process of separating water from th
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facilities. For the hood that uses
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4.2 Saving Energy and Carbon Emissi
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Table 4.3 Best 2009 World Energy In
Page 227 and 228:
Table 4.5 Overview of Investment Fo
Page 229 and 230:
chemistry, and biology process or a
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ii. b. Anaerobic System Anaerobic p
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experience growth to form granular
Page 235 and 236:
Table 5.1. Sources and Types of Sol
Page 237 and 238:
There are several solid waste manag
Page 239 and 240:
technology development is equipped
Page 241 and 242:
esulting energy for steam productio
Page 243 and 244:
With this system, the fluidization
Page 245 and 246:
In the composting process temperatu
Page 247 and 248:
closed system requires an investmen
Page 249 and 250:
generally composed of CH 4 55-70%;
Page 251 and 252:
Figure 5.8 Anaerobic Digestion One
Page 253 and 254:
Figure 5.9 Flowchart of Two Phase A
Page 255 and 256:
Table 5.4 Sources and Characteristi
Page 257 and 258:
5.3.2.1 Separation of Particulate P
Page 259 and 260:
). Filter Cloth (Fabric Filter) The
Page 261 and 262:
time. Separation of pollutants carr
Page 263 and 264:
Figure 5.14 Packed Tower Scrubber B
Page 265 and 266:
C. SOx Gas Control SOx gases can be
Page 267 and 268:
Type of FGD Method Dry Method Absor
Page 269 and 270:
D. NOx Gas Control NOx emission can
Page 271 and 272:
Method Selective non catalytic redu
Page 273 and 274:
incoming gas fan. To avoid the risk
Page 275 and 276:
Some processes that can save energy
Page 277 and 278:
REFERENCES Adams, Terry N., 1997,.
Page 279 and 280:
Industry”, Environmental Energy T
Page 281 and 282:
_____EPA, 2010. “Available and Em
Page 283 and 284:
CONTINUE No Company Name Mill Site
Page 285 and 286:
Page 287 and 288:
Page 289 and 290:
APPENDIX 2 (continuation) Consumpti
Page 291 and 292:
APPENDIX 3 SPECIFIC ENERGY CONSUMPT
Page 293 and 294:
Source : all data taken from [249,
Page 295:
APENDIX 4 GHG EMISSION FROM VARIOUS
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