Handbook of Size Exclusion Chromatography and Related ...

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47. S Takahasi, T Fujimoto, T Miyamoto, H Inagaki. Relationship between distribution of substituents and water solubility of O-methyl cellulose. J Polymer Sci, Part A, Polym Chem 25:987–994, 1987. 48. CL McCormick, PA Callais. Derivatization of cellulose in lithium chloride and N,Ndimethylacetamide solutions. Polymer 28:2317–2323, 1987. 49. AF Turbak, RB Hammer, RE Davies, HL Hergert. Cellulose solvents. Chemtech 10:51–57, 1980. 50. DC Johnson. Solvents for cellulose. In: TP Nevell, SH Zeronian, eds. Cellulose Chemistry and Its Applications. New York: Halsted Press, 1985, pp 181–201. 51. B Seger, W Burchard. Structure of cellulose in Cuoxam. Macromol Symp 83:291– 310, 1994. 52. K Saalwächter, W Burchard, P Klüfers, G Kettenbach, P Mayer, D Klemm, S Dugarmaa. Cellulose solutions in water containing metal complexes. Macromolecules 33:4094–4107, 2000. 53. B Laszkiewicz, JA Cuculo. Solubility of cellulose III in sodium hydroxide solution. J Appl Polym Sci 50:27–34, 1993. 54. J Zhou, L Zhang. Solubility of cellulose in NaOH/urea aqueous solution. Polym J 32(10):866–870, 2000. 55. A Isogai, RH Atalla. Alkaline method for dissolving cellulose. U.S. Patent 5,410,034, 1995. 56. A Isogai, RH Atalla. Dissolution of cellulose in aqueous NaOH solutions. Cellulose 5:309–319, 1998. 57. SM Hudson, JA Cuculo. The solubility of cellulose in liquid ammonia/salt solutions. J Polym Sci, Polym Chem Ed 18:3469–3481, 1980. 58. JA Cuculo, CB Smith, U Sangwatanaroj, EO Stejskal, SS Sankar. A study on the mechanism of dissolution of the cellulose/NH3/NH4SCN system. I. J Polym Sci, Part A, Polymer Chem 32: 229–239, 1994. 59. JA Cuculo, CB Smith, U Sangwatanaroj, EO Stejskal, SS Sankar. A study on the mechanism of dissolution of the cellulose/NH3/NH4SCN system. II. J Polym Sci, Part A, Polymer Chem 32:241–247, 1994. 60. S Lee, H Park. A new sampling and SEC method for analysis of underivatized cellulose. J Korean Chem Soc 42(2):190–196, 1998. 61. B Morgenstern, W Berger. Investigations about dissolution of cellulose in the LiCl/ N,N-dimethylformamide system. Acta Polym 44:100–102, 1993. 62. AF Turbak, A El-Kafrawy, FW Snyder, AB Auerbach. Solvent system for cellulose. U.S. Patent 4,302,252, 1981. 63. M Terbojevich, A Cosani, G Conio, A Ciferri, E Bianchi. Mesophase formation and chain rigidity in cellulose and derivatives. 3. Aggregation of cellulose in N,Ndimethylacetamide–lithium chloride. Macromol 18:640–646, 1985. 64. CL McCormick, PA Callais, BH Hutchinson, Jr. Solutions studies of cellulose in lithium chloride and N,N-dimethylacetamide. Macromol 18:2394–2401, 1985. 65. B Morgenstern, H-W Kammer, W Berger, P Skrabal. 7Li-NMR study on cellulose/ LiCl/N,N-dimethylacetamide solutions. Acta Polym 43:356–357, 1992. 66. B Morgenstern H-W Kammer. Solvations in cellulose–LiCl–DMAc solutions. Trends Polym Sci 4(3):87–92, 1996. © 2004 by Marcel Dekker, Inc.
67. E Sjöholm, K Gustafsson, A Colmsjö. Characterization of the cellulosic residues from lithium chloride/N,N-dimethylacetamide dissolution of softwood kraft pulp. Carbohydr Polym 32(1):57–63, 1997. 68. AM Striegel. Theory and application of DMAc/LiCl in the analysis of polysaccharides. Carbohydr Polym 34:267–274, 1997. 69. T Röder, B Morgenstern, O Glatter. Light scattering studies on solutions of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride. Lenzinger Ber 79:97–101, 2000. 70. T Röder, B Morgenstern, O Glatter. Polarized and depolarized light scattering on solutions of cellulose in N,N-dimethylacetamide/lithium chloride. Macromol Symp 162:87–93, 2000. 71. I Nehls, W Wagenknecht, B Philipp. 13 C-NMR spectroscopic studies of cellulose in various solvent systems. Cellulose Chem Technol 29:243–251, 1995. 72. H Pionteck, W Berger, B Morgenstern, D Fengel. Changes in cellulose structure during dissolution in LiCl:N,N-dimethylacetamide and in the alkaline tartrate system EWNN. I. Electron microscopic studies on changes in cellulose morphology. Cellulose 3:127–131, 1996. 73. L Ping, C Zili, T Yuan, L Zhaofeng. Study on the characteristics of macromolecular chains of cellulose in dilute solutions. J China Textile Univ 16(3):21–24, 1999. 74. G Meyerhoff. Molekulare Parameter und Gel-Permeation von Polymeren. Makromol Chem 89:282–284, 1965. 75. L Segal. Fractionation of cellulose trinitrates by gel permeation chromatography. J Polym Sci B 4:1011–1018, 1966. 76. WJ Alexander, RL Mitchell. Rapid measurement of cellulose viscosity by the nitration method. Anal Chem 21(12):1497–1500, 1949. 77. CF Bennett, TE Timell. Preparation of cellulose trinitrate. Svensk Papperstidn 58:281–286, 1955. 78. M Rinaudo, JP Merle. Polydispersity of celluloses and enzymic degraded celluloses by gel permeation chromatography. Europ Polym J 6:41–50, 1970. 79. M Chang, TC Pound, RSTJ Manley. Gel-permeation chromatographic studies of cellulose degradation. I. Treatment with hydrochloric acid. J Polym Sci, Polym Phys Ed 11:399–411, 1973. 80. RSTJ Manley. Gel-permeation chromatographic study of the degradation of regenerated cellulose by methanolysis. Text Res J 44:401–402, 1974. 81. RSTJ Manley. Gel-permeation chromatographic studies of cellulose degradation. III. Methanolysis of cellulose. J Polym Sci, Polym Phys Ed 12:1347–1354, 1974. 82. M Marx-Figini, O Soubelet. Size exclusion chromatography of cellulose nitrate. Molecular weight averages and molecular weight distributions. Polym Bull (Berlin) 11:281–286, 1984. 83. O Soubelet, MA Presta, M Marx-Figini. SEC on cellulose nitrate: DP–Vo relationship and evaluation of different methods to determine the calibration parameters. Angew Makromol Chem 175:117–128, 1990. 84. C Holt, W Mackie, DB Sellen. Gel permeation chromatography of high molecular weight cellulose trinitrate. Polymer 19:1421–1426, 1978. 85. M Marx-Figini, O Soubelet. Size exclusion chromatography (GPC) of cellulose nitrate using modified silicagel as stationary phase. Polym Bull (Berlin) 6:501–508, 1982. © 2004 by Marcel Dekker, Inc.
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MARCEL DEKKER Handbook of Size Excl
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CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE SERIES A Se
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60. Modern Chromatographic Analysis
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Preface to the Second Edition Gel p
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Preface to the First Edition Molecu
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Contents Preface to the Second Edit
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17. Size Exclusion Chromatography o
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James F. Curry Analytical Departmen
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Iwao Teraoka, Ph.D. Othmer Departme
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The graphical data display typicall
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polymer molecule can elute. The tot
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individual states) allowed to them.
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unsaturation while the IR detector
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Sampleconcentrationshouldbeminimize
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averagesdefinedintermsofthemolecula
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information regarding appropriate M
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Analytical. Two models, the KMX-6 a
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Figure 6 Overlay of time-sliced pea
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accurately for very large and very
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4 GENERAL REFERENCES The interested
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46. TA Chamberlin, HE Tuinstra. US
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materials are commercially availabl
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Table 1 Commercial Column Packing M
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necessarily comparable. For this re
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adjusted such that the pore size di
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narrowmolecular weight range, indiv
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Figure 8 Effect of particle size on
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Figure 9 SEC calibration using poly
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Table 4 Typical Eluent Systems for
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Figure 12 Analysis of poly-2-vinyl
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24. E Meehan, S O’Donohue. The ro
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into accepted laboratory techniques
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Table 1 Trace Metal Impurities in C
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mass and biological activity, for m
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Experimental efficiency vs. velocit
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Table 3 Properties of SEC Silica Ge
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operate at aflow rate that can easi
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Figure 3 Efficiency of amide-bonded
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mechanically stable packing materia
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Figure 5 Pore size distributions of
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Figure 6 Separation of polystyrenes
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60-120 A ˚ are large enough to be
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Table 6 Selected Silica-Based Colum
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Table 7 Separation Ranges for Polym
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the decline in permeability is perm
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sample components can be varied by
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Figure 10 Diol bonding reactions. I
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ecause of the higher relative molec
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valuesfork1,k2,anda,theunknownmolec
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water-soluble and detergent-soluble
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the importance of secondary retenti
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discussed in Table 8(33). Based on
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individual dispersion processes ins
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The detector time constant can dist
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5.3 Mobile Phase A mobile phase is
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less steep and still linear at high
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35. P Bristow, J Knox. Chromatograp
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112. K Gooding, K Lu, G Vanecek, F
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for branched polymers or copolymers
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Figure 1 “Bridge design” flow-r
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Figure 3 A light-scattering photome
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Figure 5 SEC universal calibration
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where hn is the hydrodynamic volume
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It should be noted that dn=dc also
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sensitivity for many samples compar
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that is, log[h] vs. logM,generated
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Figure 8 Effect of band broadening
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Table 1 Measurement of Molecular We
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Figure 10 Differential refractomete
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Figure 11 (A) Mark-Houwink plot of
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Table 3 Measurement of Molecular We
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size information is derived from un
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Table 5 Molecular Weight Distributi
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By measuring the scattered intensit
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8 APPENDIX: INSTRUMENT COMPANIES 8.
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53. G Marot, J Lesec. J Liq Chromat
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125. D Slootmaekers, JAPP Van Dijk,
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200. JG Bindels, GJJ Bessems, BM De
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possibly with hydrodynamic volume (
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An insurmountable limitation of SEC
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to sDR(V) when either nPS ¼nPB ¼c
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1,4-trans;and8%1,2-vynil.TheglobalC
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The goal is to find the MWD and CCD
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As expected, pS is closer to the no
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Figure 3 Example 3: MWD and BD of a
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9. BH Zimm, WH Stockmayer. The dime
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45. RO Bielsa, GR Meira. Linear cop
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solubility properties. They are use
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determination of the absolute molec
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Figure 4 Result of the PBT analysis
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Figure 8 Result of natural spider s
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7 Size Exclusion Chromatography of
Page 185 and 186:
As pointed out earlier, rubber must
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Table 2 Various Solvents and Operat
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Figure 2 Typical GPC calibrations w
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© 2004 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. Figu
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Natural and Synthetic Rubbe177 vari
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Another example, shown in Fig. 5 (3
Page 197 and 198:
APPENDIX: SEC CONDITIONS FOR RUBBER
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Appendix (Continued) Polymer Column
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Page 203 and 204:
Page 205 and 206:
5. J West, E Rodriguez. Rubber Chem
Page 207 and 208:
Page 209 and 210:
associate. Girdler (67) and Speight
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Table 1 Fractions Obtained Using Co
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Figure 1 SEC analyses of an aged as
Page 215 and 216:
Apparently more polar compounds are
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40% was fractionated into four frac
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Figure 7 SEC analyses of an unaged
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Figure 9 Comparison of percentage L
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Figure 11 Comparison of SEC chromat
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Figure 12 Comparisons of SEC chroma
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percentage LMS at the other locatio
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the total area into up to 12 sectio
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attempted to develop an SEC method
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parameterisbasedontheinternalpressu
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5 MODIFIED ASPHALTS The addition of
Page 237 and 238:
Oxidation of the rubber and asphalt
Page 239 and 240:
Figure 20 SEC chromatogram for an a
Page 241 and 242:
Figure 21 Comparisons of apparent m
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© 2004 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. S/
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PS/10 4 þ 10 3 þ 500 þ 100 THF/1
Page 247 and 248:
Nevertheless, SEC of asphalts is es
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56. NW Garrick, RR Biskur. Trans Re
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Asphalts 235 122. M-S Lin, JM Chaff
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255 and 256:
Table 1 Applications of Acrylamide
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(AM/AA), and acrylamide/dimethyldia
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polymer, a large size filter of 5,
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Figure 1 Size exclusion chromatogra
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Table3 MWandMWDofaBroad-MWDPAMStand
Page 265 and 266:
Another commercially available MW d
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Table 5 Weight-Average Molecular We
Page 269 and 270:
Figure 6 (a) Size exclusion chromat
Page 271 and 272:
compared to anormal product. By com
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StudyingtheKineticsofaChemicalReact
Page 275 and 276:
this information, the higher MW pea
Page 277 and 278:
Page 279 and 280:
Page 281 and 282:
46. CJ Kim, A Hamielec, A Bendek. J
Page 283 and 284:
Page 285 and 286:
A relatively new technique utilizin
Page 287 and 288:
where ais the exponent of the Mark-
Page 289 and 290:
Figure 2 TDS chromatograms for full
Page 291 and 292:
Figure 5 Comparison of molecular we
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Table 3 Summary of TDS Molecular We
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thepartiallyhydrolyzedPVAwiththecol
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Table 5 Summary of Conformation and
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a¼0.627andlog(K) ¼23.249.Theseare
Page 301 and 302:
The limits of detection of the PVA
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Figure 12 PVAc broad molecular weig
Page 305 and 306:
4 SUMMARY Advances in SEC character
Page 307 and 308:
Page 309 and 310: 2.1 Molecular Weight Grades of PVP
Page 311 and 312: exclusion chromatography with low-a
Page 313 and 314: weightandmolecularweightdistributio
Page 315 and 316: © 2004 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. Figu
Page 317 and 318: Figure 4 PEOcalibrationofUltrahydro
Page 319 and 320: Figure 6 Overlay of GPC chromatogra
Page 321 and 322: plus Ultrahydrogel 120 A ˚ ,Shodex
Page 323 and 324: Figure 10 SEC traces of PVP/AA copo
Page 325 and 326: Figure 11 Molecular weight distribu
Page 327 and 328: 12 Size Exclusion Chromatography of
Page 329 and 330: 2 CHEMICAL, MACROMOLECULAR AND MORP
Page 331 and 332: Table 2 The Relative Composition of
Page 333 and 334: considered to be 3. After the DS ha
Page 335 and 336: een extensively studied by methods
Page 337 and 338: The silylation was performed in LiC
Page 339 and 340: observed using column materials hav
Page 341 and 342: Table 6 (Continued) Packing materia
Page 343 and 344: 4.5 Other Cellulose Derivatives Bes
Page 345 and 346: Table 8 SEC Conditions for Characte
Page 347 and 348: dextrans swell too much in cadoxen
Page 349 and 350: stirring at room temperature for an
Page 351 and 352: Figure 2 MMDofunbleached(HP)andblea
Page 353 and 354: Figure 4 MMDofbirchkraftpulpdegrade
Page 355 and 356: adequate when evaluating the influe
Page 357 and 358: differential refractive index (DRI)
Page 359: 30. HA Krässig. Effects of structu
Page 363 and 364: 104. B Fleury, J Dubois, C Léonard
Page 365 and 366: 136. D Miller, D Senior, R Sutcliff
Page 367 and 368: 166. SS Cutié, CG Smith. Determina
Page 369 and 370: 200. R Berggren, F Berthold, E Sjö
Page 371 and 372: 13 Molar Mass and Size Distribution
Page 373 and 374: measurements, and vapor pressure os
Page 375 and 376: The calibration of SEC columns by c
Page 377 and 378: The division according to eluent ty
Page 379 and 380: Apolymer produced by UV irradiation
Page 381 and 382: Because DMAC/LiCl is also agood sol
Page 383 and 384: compoundsandwasexplainedbyadsorptio
Page 385 and 386: isolated lignins because they are e
Page 387 and 388: The Separon HEMA and Separon HEMA B
Page 389 and 390: Figure 4 GPC elution curves of the
Page 391 and 392: liquor is highest throughout the co
Page 393 and 394: topological anisotropy in the polym
Page 395 and 396: 29. M Ristolainen, R Alen, J Knuuti
Page 397 and 398: eds. Proc Int Symp 1998. Canton, Pe
Page 399 and 400: 92. L Jurasek. Towards a three dime
Page 401 and 402: Table 1 Selected Industries Connect
Page 403 and 404: into C3-metabolites, which then may
Page 405 and 406: Table 4 Key Enzymes in the Biosynth
Page 407 and 408: Table 5 Cloned Mutants of Starch En
Page 409 and 410: Figure 3 Modeled x-ray diffraction
Page 411 and 412:
In the native environment (plant ce
Page 413 and 414:
Figure 6 (a) Large starch granules
Page 415 and 416:
number of branching points); crossl
Page 417 and 418:
Both absolute approaches are extrao
Page 419 and 420:
Table 7 (Continued) Approach Experi
Page 421 and 422:
structures, excluded volumes, and t
Page 423 and 424:
Figure 10 (a) SEC elution profile o
Page 425 and 426:
Figure 12 Wheat glucans: DRI elutio
Page 427 and 428:
Figure 13 Wheat glucans. Normalized
Page 429 and 430:
Figure 16 Wheat glucan. Normalized
Page 431 and 432:
Figure 18 Wheat glucan.Elution prof
Page 433 and 434:
Figure 20 Wheat glucans. Absolute m
Page 435 and 436:
Figure 22 Wheat glucan. (a) Intrins
Page 437 and 438:
Figure 24 Wheat PA-glucan. Elution
Page 439 and 440:
an Ubbelohde-viscometer for concent
Page 441 and 442:
Rheological investigations of stabi
Page 443 and 444:
shifts to applied laser light, whic
Page 445 and 446:
Table 8 Characteristic Parameters f
Page 447 and 448:
Table 8 (Continued) and H2O. A part
Page 449 and 450:
10. SG Ball, MHBJ van de Wal, RGF V
Page 451 and 452:
52. W Praznik, R Beck. J Chromatogr
Page 453 and 454:
Page 455 and 456:
3 PROTEIN PARTITIONING IN SEC 3.1 G
Page 457 and 458:
Figure 1 Plot of Kav vs. log M for
Page 459 and 460:
yconsideringtheproteinsolutestobesp
Page 461 and 462:
globular proteins and selected flex
Page 463 and 464:
silanol groups (52-54); even capped
Page 465 and 466:
most proteins to be maximally stabl
Page 467 and 468:
Figure 4 Chromatograms of BSA and P
Page 469 and 470:
concentrated) steps of protein puri
Page 471 and 472:
Table 3 Characteristics of Dextran-
Page 473 and 474:
preparative SEC. The capabilities o
Page 475 and 476:
37. GR Noll, N Nagle, JO Baker, DJ
Page 477 and 478:
Page 479 and 480:
Figure 2 Separation of total E. col
Page 481 and 482:
Figure 3 Separation of HaeIII-cleav
Page 483 and 484:
The recovery of DNA fragments has b
Page 485 and 486:
Endotoxin should also be removed fr
Page 487 and 488:
Table 3 Best Columns for the Separa
Page 489 and 490:
Figure 10 Dependence of HETP on flo
Page 491 and 492:
Appendix (Continued ) Polymer Colum
Page 493 and 494:
REFERENCES 1. CT Wehr, SR Abbott. J
Page 495 and 496:
MALDI-MS has been applied to determ
Page 497 and 498:
Figure 1 Calibration curvesof SEC c
Page 499 and 500:
Figure 3 Chromatograms of epoxy res
Page 501 and 502:
wherenandn0 aretheRIsofthesample an
Page 503 and 504:
Figure 5 SEC chromatogram of n-alka
Page 505 and 506:
Figure 7 Refractive indexes of comm
Page 507 and 508:
Another detector recently applied i
Page 509 and 510:
Figure 11 Absolute MW calibration p
Page 511 and 512:
Figure 12 Chromatogram of Acrawax C
Page 513 and 514:
18 Two-Dimensional Liquid Chromatog
Page 515 and 516:
largerispressuredropandresultingexp
Page 517 and 518:
elations between molar masses and s
Page 519 and 520:
Figure 2 (Continued) chapter, one o
Page 521 and 522:
where Nis the column efficiency exp
Page 523 and 524:
composition/architecture/molar mass
Page 525 and 526:
solvent. Here again, solvent-solven
Page 527 and 528:
or repulsive interactions between m
Page 529 and 530:
macromolecules may strongly differ
Page 531 and 532:
temperature. The efficacy of an ads
Page 533 and 534:
however, aliphatic bonded groups ma
Page 535 and 536:
Figure 10 Schematic representation
Page 537 and 538:
packing materials for SEC of synthe
Page 539 and 540:
Quantitative relations between sila
Page 541 and 542:
Both strength and thermodynamic qua
Page 543 and 544:
where Cand Dare constants for apart
Page 545 and 546:
ThisisimportantwhenLCCCisappliedtoc
Page 547 and 548:
Page 549 and 550:
Page 551 and 552:
However, strong adsorption of macro
Page 553 and 554:
elution step may be sufficient for
Page 555 and 556:
Figure 16 Block scheme of a full ad
Page 557 and 558:
processing of 2D-HPLC data. Knowled
Page 559 and 560:
Figure 20 Set of full retention-elu
Page 561 and 562:
distributions of complex polymers a
Page 563 and 564:
constituents were not discriminated
Page 565 and 566:
(Sec. 7) and therefore they can be
Page 567 and 568:
2. Identify sample solvents. First
Page 569 and 570:
1 Segmental interaction energy para
Page 571 and 572:
58. BG Belenkii. Pure Appl Chem 51:
Page 573 and 574:
19 Methods and Columns for High-Spe
Page 575 and 576:
Table 1 Summary of Methods for Incr
Page 577 and 578:
not savealot of time and solvent, d
Page 579 and 580:
Figure 3 Conventional SEC chromatog
Page 581 and 582:
chromatogram at 4mL/min, which is f
Page 583 and 584:
Sincethereductionoftheinternaldiame
Page 585 and 586:
Table 3 Summary of Column Performan
Page 587 and 588:
Figure 11 Dependence of column perf
Page 589 and 590:
. Two-dimensional chromatography ru
Page 591 and 592:
The standard deviations for the mol
Page 593 and 594:
Figure 15 Comparison of time requir
Page 595 and 596:
Figure 17 Accuracy and precision of
Page 597 and 598:
polymer analysis. Samples are “ru
Page 599 and 600:
just ignoring the fractionation of
Page 601 and 602:
20 Automatic Continuous Mixing Tech
Page 603 and 604:
out at low enough concentration tha
Page 605 and 606:
educed viscosity, h r, to be comput
Page 607 and 608:
© 2004 by Marcel Dekker, Inc. Figu
Page 609 and 610:
Figure 2 Raw ACOMP signals from mul
Page 611 and 612:
Figure 4 Mw vs. monomer conversion,
Page 613 and 614:
decreases smoothly and monotonicall
Page 615 and 616:
Figure 7 Effects of fluctuating rea
Page 617 and 618:
Finally, the use of a light-scatter
Page 619 and 620:
Figure 8 Linear and cubic increases
Page 621 and 622:
where r(t) is now given by 2 6 r(t)
Page 623 and 624:
Figure 11 Light scattering from sol
Page 625 and 626:
3.1 ASimple System: Equilibrium Cha
Page 627 and 628:
Figure 13 (a) ACM applied to the ch
Page 629 and 630:
Also of note in Fig. 13b is how hig
Page 631 and 632:
15. JM Starita, CL Rohn. Rheologica
Page 633 and 634:
52. M Hulden. Hydrophobically modif
Page 635 and 636:
21 Light Scattering and the Solutio
Page 637 and 638:
therefore, is to remove any lingeri
Page 639 and 640:
is often found in the literature wh
Page 641 and 642:
Figure 2 Configuration of an SEC se
Page 643 and 644:
5 THE IMPORTANCE OF SOFTWARE Like a
Page 645 and 646:
standard deviations of the measured
Page 647 and 648:
These include the differential weig
Page 649 and 650:
Figure 8 Data of Fig. 7corrected fo
Page 651 and 652:
Figure 11 Data of Fig. 10 with spik
Page 653 and 654:
Figure 13 Fitstodatacollectedatasli
Page 655 and 656:
Table 1 Errors (in %) Characteristi
Page 657 and 658:
homogeneous copolymer, that is, tak
Page 659 and 660:
process may be used to identify the
Page 661 and 662:
fractionated sample. They represent
Page 663 and 664:
Figure 16 An example of poor SEC ch
Page 665 and 666:
on) methods, whereby the average di
Page 667 and 668:
23. WH Stockmayer, LD Moore Jr, M F
Page 669 and 670:
condition, as is explained in this
Page 671 and 672:
Figure 2 Partition coefficients KL
Page 673 and 674:
4 COLUMNS FOR HOPC Detailsaregiveni
Page 675 and 676:
and concomitant clogging of columns
Page 677 and 678:
Figure 5 Concentration dependence o
Page 679 and 680:
Table 1 Solution Volume, Polymer Ma
Page 681 and 682:
in Fig. 4a. The middle fractions (8
Page 683 and 684:
Figure 10 SEC chromatograms for som
Page 685 and 686:
appropriate for the early fractions
Page 687 and 688:
23 Size Exclusion/ Hydrodynamic Chr
Page 689 and 690:
Figure 2 Calibration curve for the
Page 691 and 692:
Figure 5 Elutionbehaviorofpolystyre
Page 693 and 694:
Table 1 Comparison Between SEC and
Page 695 and 696:
egular SEC column in which the pore
Page 697:
Such an ideal separation can be obt
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