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Chapter II Solution Growth….
fluxes are KF, PbO, PbF2, and B2O3. Different ferrites and garnets can be
grown by this technique.
(3) Hydrothermal Growth
This technique is essentially aqueous solution growth at high
temperature and pressure, which is applicable for the materials having limited
solubility under ordinary conditions. This technique is used to grow quartz and
calcite crystals.
(4) Metallic – Solution Growth
This method is used to grow single crystals of metallic phases and
inorganic compounds, which are readily obtained by solidification of saturated
metallic solutions. Diamonds are commercially grown from transition-metal
solutions under high pressure. Cubic SiC crystals are harvested from iron
melts saturated with C and Si. Nowadays, this technique is preferred for semi-
conducting material crystals like GaAs for industry.
2.4 Low Temperature Solution Growth
The growth of crystals is a result of addition of new atoms, molecules
or more complex aggregates. The addition of a new particle of the same
substance is not necessarily the same thing as crystal growth. For example,
adsorption on a atomically smooth surface is not sufficient to be regarded as
growth, because it may stop once a certain concentration of ad-atoms is
achieved; this happens when the chemical potential of the adsorbed atoms or
molecules becomes equal to that of the identical atoms or molecules in vapor
or solution, as the case may be [37]. The solution growth usually occurs in a
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