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714 Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden < - s - Figure 12. Diegenbachia hammelii. A, E. (Croat 78758). A. Habit of plant in the wild. B. Potted flowering plant showing habit (Duke 81-157). C. Potted plant with inflorescence at anthesis (Croat 78731). D, F. (Croat 78731). D. Leaf bases and cluster of inflorescences, the one on the right at anthesis. E. Crown of plant with an open inflorescence. F. Crown of plant with a cluster of inflorescences (one cut away to expose full-sized berries).
Volume 91, Number 4 2004 Croat Revision of Dieffenbachia darker than surface or slightly paler than surface erately numerous primary lateral veins. One blade below; the interprimary veins almost as conspicu- margin is usually plane and one margin usually mious as primary lateral veins; minor veins darker nutely undulate. than surface below, drying moderately faint; "cross- In Costa Rica it is most easily confused with D. veins" darker than surface below, drying moderate- Oerstedii or small plants of D. grayumiana, both of ly faint. INFLORESCENCES 1 to 3 per axil; pe- which can be distinguished in having the petiolar duncle 4.5-11 cm long, subterete in cross section; sheath auriculate at the apex rather than decurrent spathe (8)10-16 cm long, 1.3-2.7 times longer than as in D. hammelii. At La Selva, where the species peduncle, medium green throughout, and weakly was first studied, D. hammelii is uncommon. One glossy outside, medium green and glossy inside, collection (Hammel 8784) reported that the sap was cuspidate to acuminate at apex; spathe tube 6.5- 12.5 cm long, 1.2-2.3 cm diam., free portion 3-6 not foul smelling, as is the case with many species. Additional cm wide when flattened; spadix 6.5-15.5 cm long; Finca La free portion 4.7-7.5 cm long; pistillate portion 5- jo, Grayum 8.5 cm long, 6-7 mm diam. throughout, fused with Boca de specimens seen. COSTA Selva, OTS Field Station on 2772 (DUKE, MO). Limon: las Lagunas de Tortuguero, RICA. Heredia: the Rfo Puerto Vie- Tortuguero, near Burger & Antonio spathe for up to 4 cm; fertile staminate portion ta- 11224 (CR, F), Cerro Coronel, E of Rio Zapote, 1 km from pered to both ends, moderately acute at apex, banks of Rfo Colorado, Stevens 24257 (CR, MO), 2 air km (1.7)3-4.5 cm long, 6-7 mm diam. throughout; sterile intermediate segment (0.8)2-3 cm long, with a SSE of Islas Buena Vista Herrera 31077 (CR, MO); Vista in the Rfo Colorado, in the 3.5 Davidse Rfo Colorado, Davidse & air km S of Islas Buena & Herrera 31154 (MO), few scattered staminodia throughout; pistils 26 to Ref. Barra del Colorado [Sardinal], Grayum et al. 9744 43, ovoid, sparse to moderately dense, loosely scat- (CR, MO); Pococi, Tortuguero, N end of Lomas de Sierpe, tered in clusters of 2 to 4 with up to 3 across the S from Rfo Tortuguero, Grayum et al. 11169 (CR, INB, width of spadix but often with spaces between the groups of pistils up to twice the width of the spadix, MO). San NP, along Sucio, Olcl Jose: Vazquez de San Jose to Siquirres Carillo Station site, Coronado, Braulio Hwy., along trail Crot 78758 (COL, Carrillo to Rfo GOET, sometimes in a spiral with up to 5 to 6 pistils; ova- INB, MEXU, MO, PMA, TEFH, UB, WU). NICARA(>UA. Rio ries l-locular, 2.4 mm long, 2.4 mm diam.; stigmas San Juall: near Cano Chontaleno, 20 km NE of El 1.6-1.8 mm diam.; stamino(lia 2.8-3 mm long, up to twice as long as pistils, free fronl one another at Castillo, Sabalos, Neill & Vitlcelli W484 KS8(zlisk 8()§JU (M()). (M()); "Marcelo" near Rio base, thi(kened at both ends, white at apex, but 13. Dieffenbachia horichii Croat & Grayum, sp. often translucent midway and dryillg flattene(l an(l nov. TYPE: Costa Rica. San Jose: Canton Perez very thin; synandrium bluntly 4- to S-side(l, mar- Zele(lon, along road betw. San Isi(lro Generalgins irregularly shaped towar(l the hase, + rounde(l Dominical, Fila Tinamastes, 9°18'24"N, at apex, 2-2.5 mm diam. INFRISCTESCENCE with 83°46'11"W, 900-1100 m, 7: B. Croat & D. spathe pale orange outside; spa(lix 22 ( m long; {)er- Hannon 79115 (holotype, MO-05095465!; isories orange to bright red, obovoid-ellipsoid, 1 cm types, AAU!, B!, CAS!, COL!, CR!, DUKE!, F!, long, 8 mm diam. GH!, HUA!, INB!, K!, MEXU!, NY!, P!, PMA!, Distribution and habitat. DieJ%enbachia hammelii occurs in southeastern Nicaragua (Dpto. Rio QCNE!, RSA!, S!, SCZ!, TEFH!, TEX!, UB!, US!, VEN!, MIU!). Figures 13, 27A. San Juan) and northern Costa Rica from sea level Planta terrestris, 1.0-1.5(2) m; internodia 1-3 cm lonto 100 m in the Tropical wet forest (T-wf) life zone ga, 4-6 cm diam.; petiolus 8-33 cm longus, vaginatus fere omnino; vagina (Holdridge, 1967), in wet forests and swampy areas ovato-elliptica, on the Atlantic slope. mariis lateralibus Phenology. Flowering plants of D. hammelii quoque axilla; libera 1.5 2Sb0 em 1v21 pedunculus cm longa; lamina elliptica vel longa, 9-30 cm lata, nervis priutroque, inflorescentia 3-6 in 8.5-19 cm longus; spatha have been seen from March through May and also 14.5-32.5 cm longa; spadix 13-17 cm longus; pistilla 43- 69. July, while mature fruits have been seen in August and September. Cultivated plants at the Missouri Stout herb, 1-1.5(2) m tall; sap white, copious, Botanical Garden flowered in mid July and mid Oc- foetid, caustic; stem erect on younger parts, to 1.2 tober. m long and reclining on older parts, internodes 1- Discussion. The species is characterized by its 3 cm long, 4-6 cm diam., semiglossy to glossy, dark small stature, typically 25-40 cm; its glossy, de- green to medium green; petioles 8-33 cm long (avcumbent, subrhizomatous stems; weakly sheathed, eraging 18.7 cm long), weakly glossy, sheathing matte-drying petioles (sheath decurrent at apex); nearly or completely throughout; sheath medium and moderately small, more or less oblong-elliptic, green streaked with yellow-green, margins involute, weakly inequilateral green leaf blades with mod- the tip free-ending and irlequilaterally rounded-au- 715
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