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730 Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden Figure 17. Dieffenbachia lutheri. A. Habit of potted plant. B. Plant habit with inflorescence. C. Close-up of stem showing petiole sheath and sulcate petioles. D. Close-up of inflorescence.
Volume 91, Number 4 2004 Croat Revision of Dieffenbachia acute at the apex; and a blade of generally similar matte, moderately smooth; petiole scars 4-5 mm shape and dried color. It differs from D. Iongispatha thick. LEAVES erect-spreading, clustered at apex in occurring at a much higher elevation (1390- of stem; petioles 1344 cm long (averaging 28 4 cm 1600 m vs. 180 m), in having the staminate and long), 1-1.5 cm diam. midway, sheathed 0.3-0.76 pistillate portions of the spadix contiguous (sepa- their length (averaging 0.48), very glossy as if varrated by a conspicuous, mostly sterile portion in D. nished, rarely only semiglossy, dark green, drying Iongispatha), and in having a spathe that is much orange-brown to blackened; sheath 14-34 cm long shorter (to 20.5 cm vs. 27-48 cm). (averaging 14.3 cm long), erect to involute, acute Diefenbachia lutheri is also similar to D. killipii and decurrent (but sometimes weakly elevated) at and even shares with that species the contiguous apex; the unsheathed portion 5-22 cm long (averpistillate and staminate portions of the spadix. It aging 13.4 cm long), usually terete to C-shaped, differs from D. killipii, however, in having the major sometimes obtusely and narrowly to broadly sulcate veins on the lower surface granular-puberulent or V-sulcate, rarely D-shaped; blades oblong-elliprather than glabrous. tic to oblong-lanceolate, or ovate-elliptic, gradually Dief7nenbachia lutheri might be confused with an- acuminate to acute, equilateral to inequilateral at other high-elevation species, D. crebripistillata, but apex, usually only weakly inequilateral with one that species occurs only up to 950 m, lower than side 0.3-1.5 cm wider (but can be up to 3.5 cm D. Iutheri, and differs in having a fully sheathed wider) than the other, acute to obtuse or rounded petiole that dries yellow-brown. Diefenbachia luth- at base, usually equilateral, sometimes inequilatereri has a petiole that dries dark gray and is un- al with one side acute and the other rounded, 19sheathed for more than 5 cm at apex. 59 x 7-27.5 cm (averaging 38 x 12.6 cm), 2.1- Etymology. The species is named in honor of 4.8 times longer than wide, broadest usually at botanist Harry Luther from the Marie Selby Botan- middle, 0.7-2.4 times longer than petiole (averagical Gardens, Sarasota, Florida, who collected liv- ing 1.38 times longer than petiole), subcoriaceous ing material of the type species. to thinly coriaceous, moderately to weakly bicolo- Paratypes. PANAMA. Bocas del Toro: Cerro Colorado, 9.2 mi. W of Chame, Croat 69070 (MO). Chiriqui: Cerro Colora(So, 18.6 mi. N of Rio San Felix, 6.6 mi. beyond Chame, Croat 7ti007 MO); 34.1 km of Rio San Felix, Croat 37268 (M0). rous; margin sometimes weakly undulate; upper surface dark green and glossy to semiglossy, plain green or rarely weakly variegated with pale green in some areas or throughout much of the blade, sometimes plain green with just the midrib whitened, drying gray-green; lower surface moderately 18. Dieffenbachia nitidipetiolata Croat & Gra- paler, matte to weakly glossy, drying yellow-green; yum, sp. nov. TYPE: Panama. Bocas del Toro: midrib + flattened (slightly sunken toward base), Valle del Silencio, along Rfo Changuinola, ca. concolorous or slightly paler, sometimes white 1 km above mouth of Rio Teribe, vic. Teribe above, convex or bluntly acute below, drying pale Indian population, disturbed forest among co- yellow-brown often with a medial ridge on drying; coa plantations, 9°21'40"N, 82°31'40"W, 100 primary lateral veins (10)12 to 20(22) per side, dem, 25 June 1994, 7: B. Croat &: G. Zhu 76449 parting midrib at 20°40°(55°) angle on narrower (holotype, MO-04614032-33!; isotypes, AAU!, leaves (especially in Panama), often to 70°-85° an- B!, CAS!, COL!, CR!, F!, GH!, INB!, K!, gle on broader blades (mostly in Costa Rica), weak- MEXU!, NY!, PMA!, US!). Figures 18, 30A. ly arcuate-ascending, weakly sunken above, weakly Planta 50-75(120) cm alta; internodia 0.7-1.5 cm lon- convex and slightly paler below; minor veins visiga, 1.5-2.5(4.0) cm diam.; petiolus 13-44 cm longus, va- ble, not prominent below. INFLORESCENCES ginatus 0.3-0. 76 longitudinis; vagina 14-34 cm longa, mostly 1 to 5 per axil; bracts 2-ribbed throughout; acuta ad apicem; pars libera 5-22 cm longa; lamina obpeduncles 11-18(24) cm long, 0.9-1.3 cm diam., longo-elliptica vel oblongo-lanceolata vel ovato-elliptica, 19-59 cm longa, 7-27.5 cm lata, nervis primariis later- somewhat flattened, medium green, semiglossy; alibus (10)12-20(22) utroque; inflorescentia 1-5 in spathe 15-36 cm long, 1.3-2 times longer than pequoque axilla; pedunculus 11-18(24) cm longus; spatha 15-36 cm longa; spadix 13-29 cm longus; pistilla 48- 60(79). duncle, uniformly pale green to greenish white or greenish cream, becoming pale yellow post-anthesis, semiglossy to matte outside, slightly paler and Herb, 50-75(120) cm tall; sap moderately foul- glossy within, spathe tube 2-2.9 cm diam., flattensmelling; stems erect or partially reclining; inter- ing to 8-9 cm wide, weakly constricted above the nodes 0.7-1.5 cm long, 1.5-2.5(4.0) cm diam., tube to 1.7 cm diam., the constricted area to 5 cm glossy to semiglossy, dark green to medium green, wide when flattened, narrowly acuminate at apex; smooth, drying dark brown to light yellow-brown, spathe blade 2.5-3.5 cm wide at anthesis, flatten- 731
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