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744 Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden moderately glossy. LEAVES rosulate, erect-spread- this species to be certain of its flowering and fruiting to spreading; petioles (6)10-14 cm long (aver- ing phenology. However, flowering collections have aging 10.6 cm long), moderately erect, dark green been made in January, March, July, and September, (white at base), sheathed throughout, the margins and fruiting collections during September and Noflaring to recurled, sometimes incurled, markedly vember. crisped-undulate nearly throughout; blades ovate to Discussion. The species is recognized by its elliptic, (26)45-75 cm long, (13.5)17-40 cm wide fully sheathed petioles that are usually flaring to (averaging 4.5.9 x 24.4 cm), 1-2.4 times longer recurled, by the moderately coriaceous, somewhat than wide (averaging 1.6 times longer than wide), velvety, weakly quilted blades, and usually broadly markedly ine(3uilateral (one side 2.5-5 cm wider convex midribs. It has up to three large infloresthan the otlle) ol)tuse to rounded at apex (the tip cences (mostly more than 30 cm long) per axil. inequilatelul all(l weakly acute to acuminate), acute The species may be most closely related to D. to roun(le(l at l)ase, moderately coriaceous, mod- standleyi, which ranges from Nicaragua to Honduerately l)icololous, dark green, matte and somewhat ras along the Atlantic slope. Both share petioles velvety to glistellirlgly velvety above, weakly quilt- mostly fully sheathed, and have the sheath margins ed and minlltely wrinkled on upper surface, much rolled outwatd, but D. pananiensis differs in having paler to mo(lel ately paler and slightly glossy to blades more coriaceous, matte, and somewhat velmatte below (llying dark blackish brown to dark vety to glisteningly velvety above, weakly quilted yellowish l)own above, yellowish brown to grayish and minutely wrinkled on the u)per surface. brown below; midrib broadly convex or sometimes Though tlle species does not o(cur in the same flattene(l, 1..5-2 c m wide, slightly paler above, area, it colll(l be confused with O. horichii, a spesomewhat nlore (onvex and slightly paler below; cies with a similarly fully sheatGle(l petiole, but the primary lat.(ral 1peins modelately quilted, (7)10 to margins ol which are incurle(l lather than flaring. 20 per side. al ising at an acute angle, then spread- The blades of O. horichii dry nlostly greenish rather ing at 4tS°-()()° angle, often at a somewhat wider than somewlsat blackened. Die/j(lll)(lchia horichii is angle Otl ose si(le, obtusely sunken above, convex restricted to the Pacific slope of (4osta Rica, ranging to obscllrels X aise(l and dal ker below; interprimary from sea le veL to 900 m, whi le D. panamensis is veins usucllly 1 I)er pair of primary lateral veins, primarily ksown from the Atlalltie slope of Panama about equal to I)rimaries; minor veins not visible. (also know s [l om the Pacific S lo,oe at higher ele- INFLORES(411,NCES 3 per axil; peduncles 10-18 vations). cm long (avetaging 12.5 cm long), somewhat flattened, me(lium gleen, matte, weakly striate drying, Paratylv(.s. IANAMA. Cocle: Allo Calvario, 7 km N of Cope, FolxeZzl et al. 8264 (M0); Alto Calvario, old lumto 6-10 mlll (lianl.; spathe 13-20 cm long (aver- ber trail to Itls Ricas, Lim6n & Sclrl Juan, Croat 68820 aging 18.4 ( m long), medium to pale green, weakly (M0); Alto (>llvario Region, 4.5 mi. 1N of E1 Cope, 2.5 mi. and finely striate on back surface, with darker, N of Escuelbl 13a1rigon, Croat 675L?6 (M0); 8 km above E1 oblique lines extending out to the margins, inner Cope, Harrll)7(l 778 (M0), Folsom & Collins 6486 (M0). Darien: Rfo Iuquesa, ca. 2 air kzl flom Cont. Div., vic. surface sliglltly paler; spadix 12-18 cm long; free of Kittredge hold mine, Croat 272?()6 (M0). Panama: part 8.5 crn long; pistillate portion 5-9 x 1.8-2.2 above E1 (2ope, 28 km NW of Penorlome, Read & Watson cm, narrovve(l slightly toward the apex; sterile sta- 84-75 (US). minate portion 3-4.2 x 1-1.2 cm; mostly sterile intermediate see tion 1.2 cm long, with a few scat- 22. Dieff¢nbachia pittieri Engl. 8 I(. I(rause, tered stamino(lia in the lower half; fertile staminate Pflanze-lr. IV. 23 Dc(Heft 64): 42. 1915. portion 5-7 c m long, the flowers irregularly 5-sid- TYPE: Panama. Canal Area [Colon1: Gamboaed, 2.5-3 nlrn diam.; pistils 3.5-4 mm diam., ir- Las (3 l uces [currently Madden Forest Reregularly rounded at apex, closely packed, almost serve], 50-80 m, 2 July 191 1, H. F: Pittier contiguous; staminodia club-shaped, 4-5 mm long, 3766 (holotype, US!; isotype, B not seen). Figgenerally extending above the pistils, broadest at ures 22, 29B. base and apex, the tips 1.5-2 mm diam. Fruits orange. Herb, to probably less than 1 m tall; internodes 1-1.5 cm long, 1.5-2 cm diam., smooth, drying Distribution and habitat. Dieffenbachia pana- dark yellow-brown with conspicuous pale petiole mensis ranges principally along the Atlantic coast scars; petioles 10-11 cm long, fully sheathed, freeof Panama from 50 to 850 m, on both slopes along ending and weakly auriculate on both sides at apex; the Continental Divide east of the Canal Area. blades obliquely oblong, 17.8-20.5 cm long, 6-8.0 Phenology. There are not enough collections of cm wide, 2.9-3.1 times longer than wide, 1.8 times
Volume 91, Number 4 2004 Figure 22. Dieffenbachia pittieri. Herbarium type specimen. Croat Revision of Dieffenbachia g7 a d
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