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752 Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden Figure 24. Dieffienbachia standleyi (Croat 42676). A. Habit of cultivated plant. B. Stem and base of leaves C. Upper part of stem showing abaxial surface of leaf blade and cluster of inflorescences. D. Close-up of petiole bases showing the markedly undulate petiole sheaths.
Volume 91, Number 4 2004 Croat Revision of Dieffenbachia brown below; rnidrib slightly paler and flat to sul- Specimens from Nicaragua differ somewhat from cate and finely paler striped above (especially near those in Honduras, having leaf blades smaller on the base), sometimes white in distal 2/3, convex to average, ranging from 37 to 69 cm long and 13 to narrowly rounded, thicker than broad and paler to 31 cm wide (averaging 51 x 22.3 cm), but the slightly paler below, drying 8-12 mm wide, medium petioles in both areas average 30 cm long. The yellow-brown, finely ribbed with the ribs minutely Honduran populations have petioles consistently and obscurely scabridulous on magnification; pri- fully sheathed, whereas plants in Nicaragua often rnary lateral veins 12 to 24 per side, arising at an have a free portion of the petiole above the sheath acute angle, then spreading at 40°-65°(70°) angle, ranging from 1 to 9 cm (averaging 4.4 cm long) with obtusely sunken and weakly quilted, paler toward the petioles only rarely fully sheathed. midrib above, bluntly angular and + concolorous Blade shape is quite variable. Blades can be below, drying pale yellow-brown; lower surface with from 1.9 to 2.8 times longer than wide on the same minor veins moderately obscure, arising mostly plant (e.g., Croat & Hannon 64638). Plants from from the midrib but also from the primary lateral the Lancetilla Valley in Honduras have proportionveins. INFLORESCENCES 2 to 4 per axil; peduncle ately longer blades, with some plants having blades to (7.5)15-29 cm long (averaging 16 cm long), up to 3.2 times longer than wide (Croat 42676). somewhat flattened; spathe matte, 20-50 cm long Specimens collected at Lancetilla and its surround- (averaging 28.3 cm long), 1.2-3.1 times longer than ings have blades that range from 1.9 to 3.5 times the peduncle (averaging 1.6 times longer), 2.5-3.0 longer than wide (averaging 2.5 times longer than cm diam.; spadix 20-30 cm long (averaging 25 cm wide). Specimens from areas other than Lancetilla, long); pistillate portion of spadix 12-13 cm long; and outside Honduras, have blades 1.6 to 2.7 times staminate portion 15-16 cm long. Fruits to 1 cm longer than wide (averaging 2.1 times longer than long, closely packed, reddish orange to scarlet at wide). maturity with the spathe light yellow. A c ollection from Zulia, Venezuela, between l, Frfa and San Juan de Cold)n (Croat 78289) differs Ditstriblltion (lnd h(ll)it(lt. Die,t,tenbflchi(l .st(ln- in having the petiole less fully sheathe(l an(l in havdleyi ranges from Honduras (Atlanti(la, Comayagua, ing narrower bla(les up to 2.6 times longer than Cortes, El Paraiso, (Jrae ias a l)ios, ()lane ho, Yoro) broa(l an(l drying somewhat less hlackene(l. It may to Nicaragua (Matagalpa an(l %elaya) at 3()-1()0() [)rove to t)e the same species. If so, it wouI( [)e the m elevation. Most c ollee tions in Hon(luras were only (:entral American sI)eeies (with the [)ossit)le made in the lian(etil]a Va11ey. exce,Dtion of D. killi)ii) that ranges from Central Phenology. F]owering s)ee imens of D. .st(lndle- Americ a to Venezuela. yi have been seen from May through Septeml)er, Etynology. Diefjfenl)lchi(l .standleyi was first although a few flowering c o11ee tions were also made collectecl in 1928 by Paul Standley at Lan(etilla, as early as February and March. Fruits start to de- Hon(luras. Standley was not only the author of most velop in February and reac h full size during March c)f the aroid treatments for most existing Central or April (in Nicaraguan collections) or July-August American floras, but he also described a number (in Honduras). of new species of Araceae, as well as collecting Discussion. The species is characterized by its several paratypes of D. standleyi. The species is stout stem, fully winged petioles, yellow-brown-dry- named in his honor. ing ovate-elliptic blades with 12 to 24 pairs of primary lateral veins, and a long spathe (20-50 cm). Paratypes. HONDURAS. Atlantifla: 5 km S of La It is most easily confused with D. horichii and may Ceiba, Madison 705 ((;H); near Lancetilla, Yuncker 4961 (F, MO, NY); Lancetilla valley, near Tela, Pfeifer 2124 ultimately prove to be inseparable from that spe- (US); near Puente Alto stop on S.F. Co. R.R., E of Ceiba, cies. Dieffenbachia horichii differs in having shorter Yuncker et al. 8551 (F, GH, MO, NY, US); ca. 3 mi. S of petioles with the sheath involute and moderately Tela, Webster et al. 12581 (DAV); vic. Tela, near Rio Lansmooth, in contrast to the petiole sheaths erect and cetilla, above Exp. St., MacDougal et al. 3303 (MO, NY, even curled outward as well as being undulate US); Tela, ca. 10 mi. SE of Tela along Rio Lancetilla, Croat 42625 (MO), Croat 42676 (MO), Standley 53146 (F, along the margins in D. standleyi. US). Comayagua: Siguatepeque, Standley & Chacon A collection by Stevens et al. 20998 from Mata- 6701 (F). Cortes: 2-3 mi. SW of Omoa on rd. from Puerto galpa is unusual in being described as 3 m tall with Cortes to Guatemalan border, Croat 42556 (MO); E1 Para trunk 1() cm in diameter. Another Stevens col- aiso, Yuscaran, Rio de los Aguacates, Standley 25700 (EAP). Gracias a Dios: Ahuas Bila, 200 km SW of lection (7457) from Zelaya Department is notewor- Puerto Lempira, Nelson & Cruz 9291 (TEFH, UNAH, US). thy in drying darker yellow-brown than other col- Olancho: Catacamas, Standley 18786 (EAP); along Rio lections. Olancho, W of main Tegucigalpa-Catacamas Hwy., ca. 1 753
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