Archaeoseismology and Palaeoseismology in the Alpine ... - Tierra

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1 st INQUA‐IGCP‐567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology Fig. 7. Photo and interpretation of DOX‐1 site, located under a burial. Radiocarbon dating of the palaeoseiol yielded a date at 960 ± 50 BC. Faulting has displaced this palaeosoil, hence it postdates it and predates the Roman artificial cover. On another excavation site at the tumulus (DOX‐1 site, there are indications of another earthquake that predates the one detected in DOX‐2 site. This earthquake produced ground rupturing with significant displacement, visible at a cross‐section (Fig. 7). A palaeosoil, dated at 960 ± 50 BC, is displaced by a normal fault of roughly E‐W strike by about 1 m. This palaeosoil and the associated colluvial deposits of the hangingwall are covered by historical layers of Roman time. It seems therefore that Mikri Doxipara – Zoni tumulus has been faulted twice during historical times: 1. The last event postdates 2 nd century AD and is probably associated with the large Edirne Earthquake of 1752, the only known large event in the area. 2. The penultimate event happened between 960 BC and 2 nd Century AD, but most probably occurred closer to the lower limit of this time window, as suggested by microstratigraphy. It seems therefore that the recurrence interval for large, ground rupturing earthquakes in the area is quite long, which comes in agreement with the current seismotectonic status of the area. Despite the fact that there are no clear geomorphological or geological indications for a large fault zone in the area, the order of displacement per event is large (ca. 1 m) and should be taken into account for local seismic hazard assessment. 22 Taking into account the behavior of normal faults in Greece during historical earthquakes, as well as in paleoseismological research, it is estimated that the earthquakes that formed this fault system were strong ones, possibly at the order of Ms 6.5. Acknowledgements: Authors are in debt to D. Triantafyllos & D. Terzopoulou, lead archaeologists of the site, as well as A. Kürçer (MTA, Turkey) & A. Zervopoulou (AUTh, Greece) for substantial fieldwork contribution. References Pavlides S., Chatzipetros A., Zervopoulou A., Kürçer A. and Triantafyllos D. (2006a). Post‐Roman seismic activity in Mikri Doxipara – Zoni archaeological excavation (NE Greece), European Geosciences Union General Assembly, Vienna, Austria, 2‐7 April 2006, Geophysical Research Abstracts, 8, 06483 Pavlides S., Chatzipetros A., Zervopoulou A., Kürçer A., Triantafyllos D. and Terzopoulou D. (2006b). Archaeology and seismic hazard: Post‐Roman co‐seismic fault ruptures in northern Evros (Mikri Doxipara – Zoni, NE Greece) case study, Hazards 2006, Patras, 22‐25 June 2006, Abstract volume, 91‐92. Pavlides S., Valkaniotis S. and Chatzipetros A. (2007). Seismically capable faults of Greece and their use in seismic hazard assessment, Proceedings of the 4 th International Conference on Earthquake Geotechnical Engineering, Thessaloniki, 25‐28 June 2007, Abstract CD, Paper 1609. Whitley, J. (2002‐2003). Archaeology in Greece 2002‐2003, Archaeological Reports, 49, 1‐88
1 st INQUA‐IGCP‐567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology DISCOVERY OF NATURAL DEFORMATION RELICS IN ANHUI ARCHAEOLOGICAL AREA AND ITS SIGNIFICANCE Da‐Guan, Y. (1), Zhi, S. (2), Xiao‐Gi, S. (1), Jie‐Ping, T. (3) and An‐Guo, C.(1) (1) Seismological Administration of Anhui Province,Hefei,Anhui, 230031, P.R.CHINA. yaodaquan@hotmail.com (2) Cultural Relic Archeology Research Institute of Anhui Province,Hefei,Anhui, 230001, P.R.CHINA. (3) Cultural Relic Manage Department of Tongling City,Tongling,,Anhui, 244001, P.R.CHINA. Abstract: In the process of excavating the ancient relics and tombs, recognition of natural deformation is a very important job which leads to the inversion and enrichment of historic and prehistoric deformation records. Recently, cooperating with people in archaeological field, the author investigated some archeological sites in Anhui Province. Some natural deformation traces were found, such as sand veins, faults, deformation of tomb chamber, subsidence of the relics (tomb), and so on. The time when the natural deformation formed is from Longshan Cultural Period to Tang‐Song Dynasty. It is the first time the natural deformation has been discovered in Jianghuai area, which locates in the transition belt between South and North China. Apparently, a deep study on these deformation relics would contribute to the review of the crust activity history and the prediction of the activity trend in the future. At the same time it may also develop and enrich the methods and means of research on tectonic activities since Holocene in East China. Key words: Archaeology, natural deformation, recognition, significance. INTRODUCTION East China is densely populated and climate in the area is very humid today. Intense physical and chemical reactions and frequent human activities make it very difficult to protect the relics of tectonic activities. Therefore, for a long time, there are many difficulties in evaluating the tectonic activities in this area in the Quaternary Period, especially in the late Quaternary Period. However, on the other hand, the rapid social and economic developments in East China ask for solving the basic problems about the seismic and geological background and crust stability of this region immediately. Fortunately, along with the large scale development of the East China, a large amount of ancient sites and tombs have been discovered in the building process of big projects such as high‐speed highways and railways, which provides the possibility to understand the natural deformation history in Jianghuai area in the past thousands of years. Seismologists and archaeologists work together to take this valuable opportunity. Bringing the refined chronological stratification into full play, they adapt advanced methodology and technology to record the deformation phenomena in the Quaternary Period, especially in the Prehistoric Cultural Period. An objective tectonic activity evaluation of the transition belt between North China and South China is expected to be acquired by analyzing the great amounts of observation data. Sponsored by the Anhui Provincial Natural Science Foundation Project Summary and Comprehensive Research on the Neotectonic Activity in Jianghuai Area (070415222), cooperating with archaeologists, the author made an extensive investigation into the ancient sites in Jianghuai area which is located between North China plates and South China plate. Many valuable transient spot data has been protected and collected, through which some natural deformation trace has been carefully recognized and recorded. This article focuses on the most 23 recent findings about the natural deformation trace in the archaeological sites in Anhui Province. Meanwhile, the significance of this work has been predicted as well. SAND VEINS, FAULTS, CRACKS, JOINTS Sand veins in the cultural stratum in an ancient site in West Anhui Province This ancient site locates in the northeast of Dabie Mountain. It’s a part of Qinling – Dabie Mountain fold Fig. 1: (Up) Sand vein discovered in the ancient site in West Anhui Province. (Down) Northern wall in detail.
Page 1: Abstracts Volume Archaeoseismology
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Page 9 and 10: the importance of performing absolu
Page 11 and 12: indicative of strike‐slip faultin
Page 13 and 14: DISCUSSION Based on detailed field
Page 15 and 16: Table 1: Source parameters used in
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Page 21 and 22: continuous support. N. Shalev, G. G
Page 23: The tumulus initial morphology show
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Page 29 and 30: spans, with a threefold increase fr
Page 31 and 32: Nevertheless the lack of research,
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Page 35 and 36: The site reconnaissance successfull
Page 43 and 44: Table 1: Surface faulting extent re
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Page 57 and 58: RISK ANALYSIS The created hazard ma
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Page 61 and 62: CONCLUSIONS From the palaeostress a
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1 st INQUA‐IGCP‐567 Internation
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interpreted as either an expression
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The Shepran Cave is located on the
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properties. The mean value of speci
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excavated a deep trench, thus provi
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Fig. 8: Seismic ground shaking may
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elevant qualitative criteria are po
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CONCLUDING REMARKS The exposed exam
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produced by significantly different
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It is possible that a portion of th
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In addition, the Database of histor
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were published by IGME (1983) and E
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The city collapsed and it was aband
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Fig. 4: Slipped lintel in a window
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to overcome shear resistance and in
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Newmark, N.M. (1965). Effects of ea
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associated with various tsunamis (<
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this method, the magnitude of the e
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etween pieces. Fragments have not f
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on the exact date of the earthquake
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THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL ZONE COLOGNE Aft
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affecting the Alcázar was about 50
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archaeoseismology could instead bec
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In the area later occupied by Vilni
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Fig. 2: Assemblage of landforms ass
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Fig. 8: Data and regression for mag
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Fig. 3: Relationships among magnitu
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CONCLUSIONS 1. Spatial distribution
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The stratigraphic sequence (Fig. 4)
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especially in the zones of hanging
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interpretations are based on relati
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Fig. 5: Gray‐scale value laser im
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(~40 cm), F‐ rotated building str
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Index 1 st INQUA‐IGCP‐567 Inter
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