Archaeoseismology and Palaeoseismology in the Alpine ... - Tierra

More documents

Recommendations

Info

effects can be expected if the tectonic block, with the concerned cave is suddenly displaced along tectonic fault seismically activated. In this part of the Rhodopes Mts. significant quantities of broken speleothems have been discovered in caves situated inside subsided and horizontally displaced blocks near clearly expressed active faults. Fig. 3: Coring of a stalagmite with 26 cm height formed on an inclined massive stalagmite in Yamata Cave The rose‐diagrams of the fallen stalagmites can indicate the horizontal component of the predominant direction of displacements (the opposite direction of the maximums) of the hanging wall of the fault. The deformations of speleothems in 11 caves in different karst areas in Bulgaria, located in the hanging walls of active or capable faults are investigated in detail by Kostov (2008). The similar orientations of the deformed speleothems in Yamata Cave and Shepran Cave suppose the effect of common seismotectonic event during the Pleistocene, connected with possible activation of the Dobrostan fault. The study denotes the important role of the movement itself of the tectonic block during the process of rupturing and displacement along an active or capable fault. Aknowledgments: This study is supported by the project “Traces of paleoseismicity in karstic caves” of the National Science Fund to the Ministry of Education and Science of Bulgaria. 1 st INQUA‐IGCP‐567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology 78 References Bini, A., Quinif, Y., Sules, O, Uggeri, A. (1992). Les mouvements tectoniques recents dans les grottes du Monte Campo dei Fiori ( Lombardie, Italie ). Karstologia, 19, 23‐30. Cadorin, J.‐F., Jongmans, D., Plumier, A., Quinif, Y., Camelbeeck, T. (2000). Modelling of speleothems rupture. Proc. "Han 2000" workshop, 13‐17. 03. 2000, Han‐sur‐Lesse, Belgium, 27‐30. Camelbeeck, T. (1998). Speleothems as palaeoseismic indicators: the point of view of a seismologist. Contr. Int. Symp. Karst & Tectonics, 9‐12. 03. 1998, Han‐sur‐Lesse, Belgium, 23‐24. Delaby, S. (2000). Palaeoseismic investigations in Belgium caves. Proc. "Han 2000" workshop, 13‐17. 03. 2000, Han‐sur‐Lesse, Belgium, 45‐48. Dublyansky, V. (1995). Sights of intense earthquakes in karst regions (with special reference to the Mountain Crimea). Geomorphologia, 1, 38‐46 (In Russian with English abstract). Forti, P., Postpischl, D. (1984). Seismotectonics and paleoseismic analyses using karst sediments. Marine Geology, 55, 145‐161. Forti, P. (1998). Seismotectonic and paleoseismic studies from speleothems: the state of the art. Spelochronos hors‐serie ‐ 1998, 79‐81. Gilli, E. (1995). Recording of earth movements in karst. 5 ‐th Int. Conf. Seizm. Zonation, 17‐19. 10. 1995, Nice, Ouest Edit., Nantes, 1305‐1314. Gilli, E. (2005). Review on the use of natural cave speleothems as palaeoseismic or neotectonics indicators. C. R. Geoscience, 337, 1208‐1215. Gilli, E., Levret, A., Sollogoub, P., Delange, P. (1999). Research on February 18, 1996 earthquake in the caves of St‐Paul‐de‐ Fenouillet area (Pyrenees‐Orientales, France). Geodinamica Acta, 12 (3‐4), 143‐158. Grigorova, E., Grigorov, B. (1964). The epicenters and the seismic lines in Bulgaria. Sofia, BAS edition, 84 pp.(In Bulgarian with English abstract). Kostov, K. (2008). Paleoseismological indications in karst terrains. Ph.D. thesis, Sofia, Geological Institute of BAS, 191 pp. Kozhuharov, D., Kozhuharova, E., Marinova, R., Katzkov, N. (1994). Explanatory note to the Geological map of Bulgaria, M 1:100000, sheet “Chepelare”, Sofia, 74 pp. Lacave, C., Koller, M. G., Ezogue, J. J. (2004). What can be concluded about seismic history from broken and unbroken speleothems? Journal of Earthquake Engineering, 8, 3, 431‐ 455. Quinif, Y. (1996). Enregistrement et datation des effets sismo‐ tectoniques par l , etude des speleothemes. Ann. Soc. Geol. Belgique, 119, 1, p. 1‐13. Quinif, Y. (1999). Etude d , un sismotheme dans le Reseau Sud de la Grotte de Han‐sur‐Lesse. Speleochronos, 10, p. 33‐46. Quinif, Y. (2000). Karst and sismotectonics: speleothems as paleoseismic indicators. Proc. "Han 2000" workshop, 13‐17. 03. 2000, Han‐sur‐Lesse, Belgium, 121‐124.
1 st INQUA‐IGCP‐567 International Workshop on Earthquake Archaeology and Palaeoseismology CHARACTERISTICS AND PALEOSEISMIC STUDY OF THE QUATERNARY EUPCHEON FAULT IN SOUTHEAST KOREA M. Lee (1), S.R. Han (1), T. Shim (2) and Y.S., Kim (1, *) (1) Dept. of Environmental Geosciences, Pukyong National University, Busan 608‐737, KOREA. (2) Safety Technology Division, Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety, Daejeon 305‐338, KOREA. * ysk7909@pknu.ac.kr Abstract: The Eupcheon Fault is one of the Quaternary faults developed in southeastern part of Korean peninsula. The fault is located 1.8 km away from the Weolsung nuclear power plant to the south. Based on the fault analysis developed in marine terrace deposits, the Eupcheon Fault was developed as a syn‐depositional fault. At least four faulting events are recognized based on colluvial wedges and displacement‐ distance (d‐x) analysis. The Eupcheon Fault cuts the third level Quaternary marine terraces (40‐50 m), which is relatively higher compared with other regions (25‐33m). An N‐S trending fault is discovered in the northern extent of the Eupcheon Fault, which composed of several fault gouges indicating multiple deformations. The hanging wall block of the fault shows highly damaged fracture patterns indicating that the hanging wall is weaker than footwall. Therefore, detailed analysis of fault characteristics and fault zones must be a very useful way to assure the seismic hazard assessment of the site for nuclear power plants. Key words: Eupcheon Fault, fault analysis, displacement‐distance, seismic hazard assessment INTRODUCTION Generally, the Korean peninsula has been considered as tectonically safe region from earthquakes, because it is located in stable margin of the Eurasian plate. However, more than 36 Quaternary faults have recently been reported from the southeastern part of Korea (Fig. 1; Kee et al., 2007). These Quaternary faults are almost distributed around the Yangsan and Ulsan faults, SE Korea. Recently the Eupcheon Fault is reported (Kyung et al., 1999; Chang, 2001; Park et al., 2006) close to the Weolsung Nuclear Power Plant (WNPP), which is located 1.8 km away from the WNPP to the south. Seismic hazard assessment associated with the Eupcheon Fault is very important in terms of the safety concerns in nuclear power plant industry. Therefore, we described the basic geometry and characteristics and interpreted movement seismic history of the fault. For this purpose, geometric analysis and d‐x analysis are carried out from a trench excavated across the Eupcheon Fault to understand its movement history and kinematics (Kim et al., in review). Furthermore, detailed fault zone analyses are carried out in the northern extent of the fault to understand the condition of site foundation. LOCAL GEOLOGIC SETTING The basement of the study area consists of Cretaceous sediment rocks, which have been intruded by Cretaceous and Tertiary igneous rocks, mainly granites and dykes of various compositions. The intraplate deformation of microplates initiated back‐arc rifting and the spreading of the East Sea in the Oligocene to early Miocene (e.g. Kimura & Tamaki, 1986; Yoon & Chough, 1995). Tertiary basins along the eastern margin of the Gyeongsang Basin are associated with the extension of the East Sea. Collision of the Bonin Arc with central Honshu caused back‐arc closing and crustal shortening in the Middle Miocene (e.g. Kim and Park, 2006). 79 Fig. 1: Distribution of Quaternary faults (yellow circle) in southeast Korean Peninsula (WNP: Weolsung Nuclear Power Plant, KNP: Kori Nuclear Power Plant; from Kee et al., 2007). Thirty‐six, Quaternary fault close to study area have been mapped in detail. Most of them show a right lateral strike‐slip or reverse movement (Kyung et al., 1999; Chang, 2001; Park et al., 2006) coincident with focal mechanism solution from recent earthquakes (Kim et al., 2006; Park et al., 2007). According to the focal mechanism solution (Kim et al., 2006), both the subducting Pacific plate and the collision of the Indian Plate with the Eurasian continent result in a maximum principal stress
Page 1:
Abstracts Volume Archaeoseismology
Page 4 and 5:
Edita e imprime: Sección de Public
Page 7 and 8:
1 st INQUA‐IGCP‐567 Internation
Page 9 and 10:
the importance of performing absolu
Page 11 and 12:
indicative of strike‐slip faultin
Page 13 and 14:
DISCUSSION Based on detailed field
Page 15 and 16:
Table 1: Source parameters used in
Page 17 and 18:
elations. However, the attenuation
Page 19 and 20:
mostly concentrated on the DST in I
Page 21 and 22:
continuous support. N. Shalev, G. G
Page 23 and 24:
The tumulus initial morphology show
Page 25 and 26:
Page 27 and 28:
our understanding and prediction of
Page 29 and 30: spans, with a threefold increase fr
Page 31 and 32: Nevertheless the lack of research,
Page 33 and 34: earthquake. In uncertain cases, as
Page 35 and 36: The site reconnaissance successfull
Page 37 and 38: 1 st INQUA‐IGCP‐567 Internation
Page 43 and 44: Table 1: Surface faulting extent re
Page 47 and 48: The graben has a markedly asymmetri
Page 53 and 54: are a valuable addition to the rout
Page 55 and 56: to 400 m) the calculated values for
Page 57 and 58: RISK ANALYSIS The created hazard ma
Page 59 and 60: 290 m water depth the basin accumul
Page 61 and 62: CONCLUSIONS From the palaeostress a
Page 63 and 64: Fig. 2: Geological map of the study
Page 71 and 72: however, the massive 1995 earthquak
Page 73 and 74: mapped on the slopes above Qiryat
Page 77 and 78: interpreted as either an expression
Page 79: The Shepran Cave is located on the
Page 87 and 88: properties. The mean value of speci
Page 91 and 92: excavated a deep trench, thus provi
Page 99 and 100: Fig. 8: Seismic ground shaking may
Page 101 and 102: elevant qualitative criteria are po
Page 103 and 104: CONCLUDING REMARKS The exposed exam
Page 105 and 106: produced by significantly different
Page 107 and 108: It is possible that a portion of th
Page 109 and 110: In addition, the Database of histor
Page 111 and 112: were published by IGME (1983) and E
Page 115 and 116: The city collapsed and it was aband
Page 119 and 120: Fig. 4: Slipped lintel in a window
Page 121 and 122: to overcome shear resistance and in
Page 123 and 124: Newmark, N.M. (1965). Effects of ea
Page 125 and 126: associated with various tsunamis (<
Page 129 and 130: this method, the magnitude of the e
Page 131 and 132:
Page 133 and 134:
etween pieces. Fragments have not f
Page 135 and 136:
Page 137 and 138:
on the exact date of the earthquake
Page 139 and 140:
THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL ZONE COLOGNE Aft
Page 141 and 142:
Page 143 and 144:
affecting the Alcázar was about 50
Page 145 and 146:
Page 147 and 148:
archaeoseismology could instead bec
Page 149 and 150:
In the area later occupied by Vilni
Page 151 and 152:
Page 153 and 154:
Page 155 and 156:
Fig. 2: Assemblage of landforms ass
Page 157 and 158:
Fig. 8: Data and regression for mag
Page 159 and 160:
Fig. 3: Relationships among magnitu
Page 161 and 162:
CONCLUSIONS 1. Spatial distribution
Page 163 and 164:
The stratigraphic sequence (Fig. 4)
Page 165 and 166:
especially in the zones of hanging
Page 167 and 168:
Page 169 and 170:
interpretations are based on relati
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Fig. 5: Gray‐scale value laser im
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
(~40 cm), F‐ rotated building str
Page 179 and 180:
Index 1 st INQUA‐IGCP‐567 Inter
Page 181:
show all

Archaeoseismology and Palaeoseismology in the Alpine ... - Tierra

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?