Governing property, making the modern state - PSI424

al-Ibrahim and Muhammad Sa‘d al-Din al-
Ibrahim (given in the tapu register as
Muhammad Muhammad al-Ibrahim) in
‘Ubaidat: Al-tatawwur, pp. 171 and 178.
58 Fischbach: State, p. 155.
59 There are areas for which no registers
were found, such as Suf and Jerash.
The above generalization applies only to
the villages for which tapu registers were
available.
60 In this regard Harta, registered in
April 1883, fits the rule with just over half
the village musha‘ plots being owned by
Da’ud Efendi ‘Abd al-Muhsin and his sons
but also with an important participation
of members of the Abu Dani clan of Yubla
in olive ownership, whereas Kufr Saum,
registered in September 1883, has the lowest
proportion of the common land held by
Muflih ibn Jabr and his sons, 21 per cent or
a total of 28 per cent when the brothers of
Muflih are also counted. It is noteworthy
that one of the shareholders in the common
plots is Sa‘d ibn ‘Ali Efendi and his
brother Sa‘id, the financiers of al-Bariha
closely associated with Muflih ibn Jabr.
61 Singer: Palestinian Peasants,
pp. 49–50.
8 Property and administration in
the later Tanzimat
1 Salname-i Suriye xiii (1298AH/1880–
81), p. 222.
2 Salname-i Suriye, xv (1300AH/1882–
83), p. 248.
3 Salname-i Suriye xiv (1299), p. 193
and xvii, p. 183 names as members,
Na’ila Efendi (head), Ispir Acemi Efendi
(member, third rank) and principal scribe
delegated as member ‘Abd al-Ra’uf Efendi
(see note 6 below).
4 Suriye, no. 935, 27 Teşrinievvel 1299,
p. 1. The other objectives mentioned in the
same article were to establish elementary
schools, assure security on the roads, stop
aggression against Hauran cultivators by
Kurdish debt collectors, build three forts in
the Jabal Druze, complete a carriage road
from Damascus to the Hauran, reform
267
the police forces, discipline headmen who
unjustly interfered with people’s business,
and impede attacks on the settled areas by
nomads.
5 Suriye, no. 994, 3 Kanunusani 1300,
p. 1.
6 The third statement for the village of
Bushra, the first done by the Commission
of the Lands of Hauran, is stamped by
Ahmad al-Na’ili head, ‘Abd al-Fattah, tapu
scribe of ‘Ajlun district, and members:
Ispir Acemi Efendi and Ahmad Shams
al-Din, employee of the Hauran defter-i
hakani. DLS.AT.Yoklama, 1295–98, p. 89,
dated 11 February 1883. Ispir ‘Ajami
Efendi should presumably be identified
with the member of the administrative
council of the province accused of being in
cahoots with Na’il Gharaiba, see Chapter
6, note 43.
7 DLS.AT.Yoklama, 1295–1298AM,
pp. 84–9.
8 Salname-i Suriye xvi (1301AH/1883–
84), pp. 193–4.
9 Compare Chapter 1, note 24. See
Salname-i Suriye xvii (1302AH), p. 185;
xviii (1303), p. 173; xix (1304), p. 192; xx
(1305), p. 123.
10 Salname-i Suriye xvi (1301AH),
p. 194.
11 Husain Barakat was on the administrative
council in 1305–06AH/1887–88.
In 1887–88 ‘Abd al-Qadir Yusuf Sharaida
was on the court of first instance; for
the following two years he served on the
administrative council. Salname-i Suriye,
xx (1305AH), p. 122; xxi (1306), p. 118; xxii
(1307), p. 128.
12 Salname-i Suriye xvii (1302AH),
p. 185.
13 For example, Qasim Hijazi was
himself elected to the administrative
council in 1892–93: Salname-i Suriye, xxiv
(1309–10AH), p. 189.
14 Salname-i Suriye xviii (1303AH),
p. 173. In 1889–90 Jerash became the site
of an honorary administrative director,
Salname-i Suriye xxii (1307AH), p. 127, and
in 1901 the Kura nahiye gained independ-
Notes to chapters 7 and 8