Untitled - Smithsonian Institution

More documents

Recommendations

Info

88 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 44 given above (p. 83) from Peralta's paper on the ethnography of Costa Kica, and in his work heretofore cited (1: 769, note 1), he says: To the east of the Sarapiqiii, and from the mouths of the San Juan on the Atlantic to the mouth of the river Matina, was the important province of Suerre, belonging to the Guetars, who occupied the ground to Turrialba and Atrrro, in the valleys of the Reventazon and the river Suerre or Pacuar. The cliief evidence of the relation of the people of this province to the Guetare is found in the letter of Juan Vasquez de. Coronado (December 11, 1562, given by Peralta, 1: 760-765) where, referring to the expedition of Cavallon and the submission of the provinces of the Guetare, he mentions the provinces of Suerre and Turucaca, the former on the Sea of the North and the latter on the Sea of the South (764). The name is not referred to on the accompanying map. QUEP0(?) The same uncertainty as to linguistic distinction exists in regard to the people occupying the section known under this name as in the case of the Suerre. Peralta (1: 769, note 2) says Quepo was "a province south of the Cordillera de la Candelaria, upon the Pacific Ocean, at 9° 30' north latitude." In the extract from his paper, given above, he locates them southeast of Chorotega and the heights of Herradura, and south of the Guetare, extending to the Pacific ocean between the rivers Pirris and Grande of Terraba. He adds further that, according to the most probable conjectures, the Quepo belonged to the family of the Guetare, and that they were the enemies of the Coto and the Boruca. These statements, when closely compared with those of the same author in what precedes, show some confusion; moreover, for rea- sons which will appear further on, the writer is not prepared to accept the statement that the Guetare (the Quepo being included) extended southeast to the Rio Grande de la Terraba, as the valley of this river, in part at least, was occupied by the Terraba and the Boruca. It is not indicated on the map. Talamanca It has been found most convenient for present purposes, and not inconsistent with correct classification, to retain the name Talamanca for that group of closely allied dialects spoken by certain tribes of Indians inhabiting both sides of the cordillera in eastern and southeastern Costa Rica. These dialects, which belong to the Chibchan family,- are known by the foUowmg names: Boruca, Bribri,
THOMAS] INDIAN LANGUAGES OF MEXICO AND CENTRAL AMERICA 89 Cabecar, Estrella, Terraba, Tirribi, and Tuciirric; some others are mentioned which are now extinct. This course has been adopted for present purposes, for the reason that, while it is possible to outline with approximate correctness the territory of the group, the data do not justify the attempt to mark the areas of the separate dialects. It is necessary to state here that on the present map the southeastern boundary of Costa Rica, that between this republic and Panama, is not as given on most maps, but as defined by the President of France, who was appointed arbiter by the two republics of the dispute concerning this boundary. By this decision a considerable strip of southeastern Costa Rica was awarded to Colombia. As will be seen, part of the Talamancan territory falls within this strip. It should be stated further that Talamanca is here used as a generic term for the group and not given to any one dialect. The name has been very loosely applied; for instance Fernandez (1: 617) says the "naciones" of the Talamanca are Cabecar, Viceite, Terraba, Toxare, Changuene, Zegua, Torasque, and Guaymie, thus including tribes of two different stocks—Chibchan and Nahuatlan (Zegua). It is somewhat strange that a citizen of the country should have made this mistake in 1889, especially as Dr. Max Uhle in 1888 (470) gave correctly, so far ,as his reference extends, the Bribri, Cabecar, Estrella, Tiribi, and Tucurrique. Moreover, B. A. Thiel in his Apuntos Lexi- cograficos de las Lenguas, to wdiich Fernandez refers, gives as the dialects of the Talamanca or Viceite, Bribri, Cabecar, Estrella, and Chirripo. He mentions Boruca and Terraba separately. Chirripo is considered by some authorities merely a subdialect of Cabecar; by others, Tariaca under another name, spoken by the people of a particular village (5alled Chirripo and the immediately surrounding region. Sapper (1: 31) says: The language of Tucurrique or Tucurriqui, a village situated on the banks of the Rio Reventazon differs only in a few non-essential dialectic details from the language of the Indians living on the banks of the Rio Chirripo, Rio Estrella, Coen and the upper Teliri, which Pittier names Cabecara after their chief dwelling place, S. Jose Cabecar. An examination of the vocabularies given by Thiel tends to confirm this conclusion. Pittier and Gagini (7) consider three of these dialects the principal ones—Bribri, to which are referred Cabecar, Chir- ripo, Estrella and Tucurric; Terraba, which is considered identical with Tirribi; and Boruca, which forms the third division. According to Peralta's paper quoted above (p. 83), the southeastern boundary of the Guetare territory, where it joined the Talamancan area, extended from the mouth of the Rio Matina westward to Terrialba on the north line of Cartago district. In his map (Mit- teilungen, 1901) Sapper locates a small colony of Cabecar in the northern part of this district, on the extreme headwaters of the Reventazon river. From this it appears that the northern boundary 8347°—Bull. 44—11 7
Page 9:
SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION BUREAU OF A
Page 13 and 14:
CONTENTS Introduction 1 Mexico 2 Co
Page 15:
CONTENTS Central America—Continue
Page 18 and 19:
2 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bul
Page 20 and 21:
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
" 10 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [
Page 28 and 29:
12 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bu
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
20 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bo
Page 38 and 39:
Page 40 and 41:
Page 42 and 43:
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
30 BUKEAU OF AMEKICAN ETHNOLOGY [bu
Page 48 and 49:
32 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bd
Page 50 and 51:
34 BUREAU OP AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bu
Page 52 and 53:
36 BUKEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bu
Page 54 and 55: 38 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bu
Page 58 and 59: 42 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bd
Page 62 and 63: 46 BUKEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bu
Page 64 and 65: 48 BUEEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bo
Page 68 and 69: 52 BUREAU OF AMEKICAN ETHNOLOGY [bu
Page 70 and 71: . 54 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [
Page 76 and 77: 60 BUKEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bu
Page 86 and 87: : 70 BUREAU OP AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [
Page 88 and 89: 72 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bo
Page 98 and 99: 8^ BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bu
Page 100 and 101: 84 BUEEAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bu
Page 102 and 103: — 86 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY
Page 106 and 107: 90 BUREAU OF AMERICA:^r ETHNOLOGY [
Page 114 and 115: 98 BIBLIOGRAPHY [b. a. e. Cancio, D
Page 116 and 117: 100 BIBLIOGRAPHY [B. A. E. Proceedi
Page 118 and 119: 102 Page Cazcanes Chichimecas 24 Ce
Page 120 and 121: 104 INDEX OF LINGUISTIC FAMILIES I'
Page 122 and 123: 106 INDEX OF LINGUISTIC FAMILIES Sa
Page 124: 108 INDEX OF LINGUISTIC FAMILIES Pa
show all

Untitled - Smithsonian Institution

Create successful ePaper yourself

Delete template?

Save as template?