Untitled - Smithsonian Institution

8 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 44
This is doubtful, it being more likely that this pueblo was peopled
chiefly by Indians speaking the Jova language, the other pueblos
of that section Joeing Tarahumare. Hervas (332) includes Santo
Tonaas among the pueblos or missions of the Chinipas, who, he
says, spoke a dialect of Tarahumare, or, as will be shown farther
on, was not distinct therefrom. His list, however, is dated 1767.
As throwing some light on this point it is noticeable that Zapata
(340-343) states that the mission at Tosonachic in the Tarahumare
territory directly north of Santo Tomas, and Yepachic directly west
of the latter on the border of the Pima Baio territory, as given by
Orozco y Berra, were Tarahumare missions. But that at Matachic,
immediately south of Tosonachic (or Tesomachic), and between it
and Santo Tomas and the region immediately around it, he speaks of
as belonging to the Jova (or Ova) , or at least places it under the heading
"Nacion de los Ovas."
It would seem from these statements (in 1678) that the Opata boundary
should be extended a little farther to the southeast than given by
Orozco y Berra, yet the termination cJiic (Matachic) savors strongly
of Tarahumare origin, and Matachic is included in the Tarahumare
in the Handbook of American Indians. As will be seen below and by
reference to our map, a small portion of the extreme eastern part of
the Lower Pima territory, as given in Orozco y Berra's map, has been
included in the Tarahumare area.
In regard to the Batuco, Cumupa, Buasdaba, and Bapiape, men-
tioned by some authorities as located within the Opata territory, see
notes below respecting the list of names not given on the accompanying
map.
Tarahumare
The Tarahumare inhabited the sierras, their area embracing parts
of Chihuahua, Durango, and Sonora, the Apache being on the north,
the Opata and Lower Pima on the w^est, the Tepehuane on the south,
and the Concho on the east, and extending from about latitude 26°
to 29° and longitude 106° to 108° W. Orozco y Berra (1:34) says,
"Cuenta hasta cinco dialectos poco distantes de la lengua madre, y los
siguientes, que se separan mas 6 menos de svi fiiente." (The italics are
the present author's.) Then he names the following four: Varohio,
Guazapare, Pachera, and Tubar. Wliat is to be understood by the
"five dialects but little distant from the mother tongue," unless
the four named are included, does not clearly appear from liis work;
at least it seems that he did not consider them sufficieiitly " distant
to regard them as distinct dialects, as he does not follow up the
subject.
Ilervas (332) states that the Tarahuniara (the Tarahumare countr^O
is divided into two provinces, called Tarahuniara alta and Tarahu-
"