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44 BUREAU OF AMERICAN ETHNOLOGY [bull. 44 Taking all these facts into consideration, it is believed that a careful study of the subject w ould result in a more definite application of the name, at least geographically. However, it has received no linguistic consideration in the present paper, the majority of the groups formerly included under the name being herein placed in the Nahua- tlan family. Tamaulipeco No attempt will be made at this time to determine the tribes or subtribes of the area so designated by Orozco y Berra on his map, further than what will be found in the notes below (page 45) on "Names of tribes in northeastern Mexico not marked on the map." PiSONE AND JaNAMBRE Orozco y Berra locates the area over which these tribes wandered at the southwest of the Tamaulipeco district, and says •(!: 298-299) it extended from the valley of the Purisima on the south to the Rio Blanco on the north, being bounded on the west by the district of the Guachichiles. However, according to his map, it connects on the southwest with the district assigned to the Pame. He says (1 : 296) that the Pisone and Xanambre (Janambre) belong to the same "family" and speak the same language, which is "par- ticular." Arlegui (115), speaking of the Mission of San Antonio, says it was vexed by a warlike nation called Janambre. Orozco y Berra (1:292, 293) speaks of them in like manner. Villa-Senor (ii, 56) locates some of the Indians of these tribes, somewhat definitely, at 20 leagues to the east of the pueblo of Tula. These tribes are now extinct, but they seem to have been in existence as late as the first quarter of the eighteenth century. Olive Orozco y Berra locates on his map a small tribe with this name in the extreme southern portion of the Tamaulipeco district, on the southeastern border of the Pisone and Janambre territory. The name "Olive" is retained, as he informs us, because the proper native name is unknown. Nicolas Leon omits the tribe from his classification. This author (Orozco y Berra) says they resided in " Horcasitas," near San Francisco Xavier mission. According to his authorities, they were recent emigrants from "Florida," i. e., the region between the Rio Grande and the Atlantic Ocean, had a knowledge of firearms, and were light colored (1 : 293). The language is extinct.
thomas] indian" languages of mexico and central america 45 Names of Tribes in Northeastern Mexico not Considered Separately This is the proper place to alhide to the names of the supposed tribes or subtribes of northeastern and eastern Mexico mentioned by early Spanish authors, but not marked on the accompanying map. As given in Orozco y Berra's list, these are numerous, but when examined are found to be limited mostly to the present states of Coahuila and Tamaulipas, of which, with very few excep- tions, nothing more can be said than that they are found in lists or merely mentioned without particulars. The present author's method is therefore reversed here, and allusion is made to but very few of these names, of which some particulars are available. It is quite possible that most of those mentioned as in Coahuila, chiefly along the Rio Grande, were Apache and Lipan, especially the former. The names near the Gulf coast, in part at least, may refer to the remnants of tribes forced tliither by the stronger tribes of the interior. Orozco y Berra places on his map, on the Rio Grande near its mouth, the following names Pintos Comesacapemes Auyapemes Tanaquiapemes Catanamepaques Uscapemes Ayapaguemes Saiilapaguemes Gummesacapemes and in Tamauhpas the following: Tamaulipecos Caribayes Comecrudos Canaynes Mariguanes Malinchenos Borrados Panguayes Ancasiguais Quinicuanes Anacana Comecamotes Tedexenos Cadinias Caramariguanes Pasitas Guixolotes Caramiguais Tagualilos Pintos? Aretines All in the latter list are located by Orozco y Berra in his Tamau- lipeco area, and north of Panuco river, while south of the river are only the well-known tribes, Huasteca, etc. Of these names but little can be said, as all, or nearly all, are now '^ extinct. Doctor Gatschet in 1886 found some twenty-five of the Comecrudo at Las Prietas, Tamaulipas. The Cotoname were prac- tically extinct, but one man being discovered. He obtained also information of the existence at La Volsa of two women of the Pinto, or Pakawa, tribe who, it was said, could speak their own language. The Cotoname of Doctor Gatschet probably corresponds with Catanamepaques of the above list. So far as known, these were the only tribes not wholly extinct at the time of Doctor Gatschet's visit (1886). 1 See Seventh Annual Report of the Bureau of Ethnology, 68. :
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