Flight Training Instruction - Cnatra - U.S. Navy

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CHAPTER SIX T-6B PRIMARY INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION 6. Establish the remaining fix (90º radial/10 NM) along its radial at a proportionate distance from the center of the card (halfway). 7. Draw an imaginary line with the aid of a pencil, finger, etc., FROM the aircraft’s present position through the next fix. Move the “line” to the center of the card and read the no–wind heading to the desired fix (approximately 30º in this case). 6-12 ENROUTE PROCEDURES Figure 6-5 Point to Point NOTE The Instrument Approach Plate may be used as an aid to visualize present position and the initial heading required to fly to the fix. 8. Turn to this updated heading. 9. Visually determine if the line that connects the two fixes is vertical. This line represents the desired track. If it is vertical, you are on the correct heading at that instant. Apply any wind corrections that are required to remain on the proper track. 10. If the line is not vertical, turn the aircraft to make it so. This can be done without the aid of a straightedge. If the line tilts right, turn right to make the line vertical. If the line tilts left, turn left to make the line vertical. Corrections As the aircraft approaches the point, it will be necessary to determine which will be reached first – the radial or the DME. To come as close as possible to the new point, it will be necessary to judge the rate at which the DME is moving and the rate at which the aircraft is crossing radials. If it is determined that one rate is moving faster than the other, it may be that the aircraft will reach the DME or radial first, rather than simultaneously. Keep the following in mind when trying to hit a point:
T-6B PRIMARY INSTRUMENT NAVIGATION CHAPTER SIX DME/Radial Rate of Change 1. When the needle is closer to the heading index than the 90º benchmark, i.e., above the 45º benchmark, the DME will change faster than the radials. The opposite is true when the needle is nearer the 90º benchmark, i.e., when the needle is below the 45º benchmark. 2. Remember, when the head of the needle is above the 90º benchmark, the DME will get smaller. When the head of the needle is below the 90º benchmark, the DME will get larger. The only exception to this rule is in the case of strong winds. 3. To get DME to “speed up,” turn to place the needle closer to the heading index. This will slow the rate at which the aircraft is crossing radials. When going inbound, you will be working the head of the needle. NOTES 1. When going outbound, reference the tail of the needle. 2. With needle at the 45° benchmark, rate of DME and radial change are equal. With needle anywhere else, DME and radial change rates are inversely proportional (if DME rate is increased, radial change rate decreases). 4. You will not necessarily be able to determine the exact heading to roll out on as you are adjusting heading, but that is not as important as altering heading before it is too late. Once on the new heading, let things settle down (i.e., cross a few radials; let a few tenths of DME pass) then update again by trying to determine if the aircraft will hit the radial or DME first. Remember, the goal is getting as close as possible to the point. Continually update until crossing the point. If the solution does not work out exactly, plan to arrive either at the desired DME or radial prior to the fix. If arriving at the DME first and within 30 radials of the desired radial, turn to arc toward the fix. If arriving at the radial first, turn to track inbound/outbound to the fix. Common Errors. 1. Failing to expedite the first three steps. Remember, there is plenty of time to refine the solution once proceeding in the general direction. 2. Reversing the direction of the imaginary no-wind heading line by extending the imaginary line from the fix through the present position. 3. Failing to make frequent updates. As the aircraft gets closer to the station, more frequent updates will be required to ensure an accurate solution. 4. Placing the wrong fix at the outer edge of the HSI card. 5. Proceeding to the reciprocal of the radial/DME instead of the radial/DME. ENROUTE PROCEDURES 6-13
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NAVAL AIR TRAINING COMMAND NAS CORP
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CHAPTER NINE T-6B PRIMARY INSTRUMEN
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CHAPTER TEN T-6B PRIMARY INSTRUMENT
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CHAPTER ELEVEN T-6B PRIMARY INSTRUM
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APPENDIX A T-6B PRIMARY INSTRUMENT
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APPENDIX B T-6B PRIMARY INSTRUMENT
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Flight Training Instruction - Cnatra - U.S. Navy

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