1. Introduction - Firenze University Press

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Page 1: Proceedings e report 90
Page 4 and 5: ECOS 2012 : the 25 th International
Page 7 and 8: Advisory Committee (Track Organizer
Page 10 and 11: The 25 th ECOS Conference 1987-2012
Page 12 and 13: VOLUME VI CONTENT VI. 1 CARBON CAPT
Page 14 and 15: -----------------------------------
Page 18 and 19: » Excess enthalpies of second gene
Page 20 and 21: VOLUME IV IV . 1 - FLUID DYNAMICS A
Page 22 and 23: » Exergy analysis and genetic algo
Page 24 and 25: » Optimal lighting control strateg
Page 26 and 27: » Stability and limit cycles in an
Page 28 and 29: PROCEEDINGS OF ECOS 2012 - THE 25 T
Page 30 and 31: Fig. 2. The exergy destruction of M
Page 32 and 33: ineffectiveness of the catalyst, in
Page 34 and 35: [ P EXmth EX SNG] ESR F where EXm
Page 36 and 37: Fuel inputkW 728221 203771 237719 3
Page 38 and 39: Not only at desined Rc (the ratio o
Page 40 and 41: 4. DISCUSSION The graphic exergy an
Page 42 and 43: Figure 9(a) illustrates the energy
Page 44 and 45: Engineering Technical Conferences &
Page 46 and 47: generally there are four kinds of m
Page 48 and 49: However, even under the off-design
Page 50 and 51: Fig. 3. 600MW supercritical coal-fi
Page 52 and 53: CO2 rich loading(molCO2/molMEA) 0.4
Page 54 and 55: Net efficiency (%) 40.28 30.29 26.4
Page 56 and 57: Fig. 11. Schematic diagram of heat
Page 58 and 59: 28.67%. In addition, through heat i
Page 60 and 61: Applied Thermal Engineering 2010;30
Page 62 and 63: Abstract: PROCEEDINGS OF ECOS 2012
Page 64 and 65: Fig. 1. Solution diagram of „four
Page 66 and 67:
K ~ K 1 eK 1a p K 1a iK mK
Page 68 and 69:
Oxygen recovery rate, % 105 95 85 7
Page 70 and 71:
Calculated optimal compressor press
Page 72 and 73:
PROCEEDINGS OF ECOS 2012 - THE 25 T
Page 74 and 75:
The net amount of the flue gas leav
Page 76 and 77:
Figure 3. Idea for lignite drying b
Page 78 and 79:
Energy efficiency, % 34,00 33,00 32
Page 80 and 81:
points efficiency increase related
Page 82 and 83:
Figure A1b. Thermoflex flow sheet o
Page 84 and 85:
Figure A3a. Thermoflex flow sheet o
Page 86 and 87:
Figure A4. Thermoflex flow sheet of
Page 88 and 89:
Abstract: PROCEEDINGS OF ECOS 2012
Page 90 and 91:
2.1. Life Cycle Assessment 2.1.1. G
Page 92 and 93:
these factors. A sensitivity analys
Page 94 and 95:
methane slip contributes to 13% of
Page 96 and 97:
As can be seen in Fig. 5 the impact
Page 98 and 99:
References [1] Eurobserv’er, The
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
in which CO2 is separated from H2,
Page 104 and 105:
dimensions of water droplets and wa
Page 106 and 107:
Temperature (°C) 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0
Page 108 and 109:
4. Conclusions In the present paper
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
penalty, but without separate captu
Page 114 and 115:
0.5 - 0.7 kg/kg, resulting typicall
Page 116 and 117:
3.3 - Utilising waste heat All exis
Page 118 and 119:
4.5 - Suomusjärvi olivine deposits
Page 120 and 121:
material will change from a few % t
Page 122 and 123:
Fig. 5 Schematic diagram of the PFB
Page 124 and 125:
8. Combined SO2 capture and CO2 min
Page 126 and 127:
Fig. 10 Carbonate- (left) and sulph
Page 128 and 129:
[13] Ekdahl, E., Idman, H. Statemen
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
HEAT Fig. 1. Scheme and main reacti
Page 134:
(raw) materials pre-heating and AS
Page 137 and 138:
Fig 3- Aspen Plus® model 110
Page 139 and 140:
Table 4. Elemental and XRD analysis
Page 141 and 142:
the ÅA CSM route. The content of M
Page 143 and 144:
Page 145 and 146:
moisture - 0,2237 ash - 0,0876 LHV
Page 147 and 148:
2.2 CFB plant For the current momen
Page 149 and 150:
The CO2 emission factor which indic
Page 151 and 152:
The CO2 emission factor calculated
Page 153 and 154:
Appendix A Fig A.1. Simulation mode
Page 155 and 156:
(b) Fig. A.2. Simulation model of C
Page 157 and 158:
Table A.1. Calculated parameters at
Page 159 and 160:
References [1] Pfaff I., Oexmann J.
Page 161 and 162:
with a CC installation could be avo
Page 163 and 164:
2.3. Basic CHP plant indices. The b
Page 165 and 166:
3. Off-design calculations The main
Page 167 and 168:
Fig. 6. CHP plant efficiency Fig. 7
Page 169 and 170:
amount of steam delivered to the he
Page 171 and 172:
[5] Lukowicz H., Mroncz M.: Analysi
Page 173 and 174:
water removal is feasible by coolin
Page 175 and 176:
Figure 2. Sketch of the suggested P
Page 177 and 178:
a b Figure 5. a) Exergy balance of
Page 179 and 180:
The basis of comparison of each met
Page 181 and 182:
Figure 7a. Impact of S/CATR on PCU
Page 183 and 184:
However, more energy duty is requir
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
3.1. JACOBIAN-ASPEN Interface ASPEN
Page 189 and 190:
Fig. 3. Triple Pressure Bottoming S
Page 191 and 192:
As seen from Table 1, the mass flow
Page 193 and 194:
4. Conclusion Fig. 5. Partial Emiss
Page 195 and 196:
[19] Yantovski E., Shokotov M., Sho
Page 197 and 198:
investigation and the developing of
Page 199 and 200:
University of L’Aquila and German
Page 201 and 202:
hydrogen combustion technology at d
Page 203 and 204:
eversibility of a pre-treated synth
Page 205 and 206:
Fig. 1. TG curves collected for spe
Page 207 and 208:
(see Fig 5). Carbon dioxide uptake
Page 209 and 210:
period is reduced to the first 15 c
Page 211 and 212:
CO2 capture capacity up to 150 th c
Page 213 and 214:
the way for biogas utilisation is t
Page 215 and 216:
projectand is described in the foll
Page 217 and 218:
4. Pilot plant tests In order to de
Page 219 and 220:
Concerning the absorption reaction,
Page 221 and 222:
with Regeneration (AwR), consists i
Page 223 and 224:
[25] Aspen Plus 2004.1. Cambridge,
Page 225 and 226:
systems for fuel drying waste strea
Page 227 and 228:
heated in a heat exchanger placed i
Page 229 and 230:
Fig. 2. Lower heating value of fuel
Page 231 and 232:
Acknowledgements The results presen
Page 233 and 234:
large amount of CO2 [1,5-7]. APCr a
Page 235 and 236:
N 1 i ( x x i n 1 m ) 2.3. Carbon
Page 237 and 238:
DTA analysis of the untreated APCrs
Page 239 and 240:
Table 4. Relative Error (%) of the
Page 241 and 242:
CaO HCl CaCl H O 193kJ / mol (
Page 243 and 244:
[1] M. Fernández Bertos, S.J.R. Si
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
2. Process development 2.1. Backgro
Page 249 and 250:
to dissolve the chloride salts prec
Page 251 and 252:
The remaining 25% (5 ml/min) of the
Page 253 and 254:
Table 6. Experimental conversions o
Page 255 and 256:
p p 1 1. 5 p H 1 1. 5 2O p mi
Page 257 and 258:
Calculating from the Aspen Plus mod
Page 259 and 260:
[11] Mattila, H.-P., Experimental s
Page 261 and 262:
Mg2SiO4(s) + 2CO2(g) →2MgCO3(s) +
Page 263 and 264:
(Mg/Fe) of the mineral rock, Mg-sil
Page 265 and 266:
Figure 2. Effect of Mg/Fe ratio of
Page 267 and 268:
Figure 4 shows that an increase in
Page 269 and 270:
Figure 5. Process flow diagram of M
Page 271 and 272:
2. Only cold utility is needed belo
Page 273 and 274:
extraction process at 400 °C (~ 62
Page 275 and 276:
Table A2. Extraction equations and
Page 277 and 278:
[13] Teir S, Kuusik R, Fogelholm CJ
Page 279 and 280:
In the area of coal technologies al
Page 281 and 282:
Tabel 1. Characteristics quantities
Page 283 and 284:
N m eT 4a ~ T cp T4a 1 ( K
Page 285 and 286:
Auxiliary power rate of ASU, % 40 4
Page 287 and 288:
[8] Buhre B.J.P., Elliott L.K., She
Page 289 and 290:
1.1 - Cement Manufacturing The ceme
Page 291 and 292:
2. Numerical model The purpose of t
Page 293 and 294:
-0.309x15.77x2 2.085x3 240x4 12.53x
Page 295 and 296:
Table 4 - Results of the optimizati
Page 297 and 298:
Page 299 and 300:
1. Define the studied system (in th
Page 301 and 302:
cycle) or a lignin extraction plant
Page 303 and 304:
limiting factor for the maximum siz
Page 305 and 306:
Table 5. Key data for the four ener
Page 307 and 308:
Global CO 2 emissions [ktonnes/yr]
Page 309 and 310:
for biofuels and the investment cos
Page 311 and 312:
The possibility to capture CO2 from
Page 313 and 314:
[17] Berglin N, Andersson L. Proces
Page 315 and 316:
Therefore NL Agency (an agency of t
Page 317 and 318:
2.2.2. Pinch analysis Pinch analysi
Page 319 and 320:
3. Case study 3.1. Plant and proces
Page 321 and 322:
Te 1000 mp era 900 tur 800 e [°C 7
Page 323 and 324:
Application of the approach led to
Page 325 and 326:
The advantage of dynamic models is
Page 327 and 328:
e equal at both time intervals and
Page 329 and 330:
2.5. Selecting the number of TSs Se
Page 331 and 332:
A) Time Slices for solar thermal en
Page 333 and 334:
The first step of procedure is to p
Page 335 and 336:
cTSs demand TS solar TSs 0 2 4 6 8
Page 337 and 338:
In the presented paper a framework
Page 339 and 340:
[5] Erdil E, Ilkan M, Egelioglu F.
Page 341 and 342:
Page 343 and 344:
district energy network simulation
Page 345 and 346:
were decreased by 10°C.All scenari
Page 347 and 348:
Site 3 Heat sources Heat load Site
Page 349 and 350:
3.2.2. Input data and assumptions A
Page 351 and 352:
Fig.7 shows the operation forecast
Page 353 and 354:
[13] TERMIS Operation User Guide, 7
Page 355 and 356:
Polygeneration is a term used to de
Page 357 and 358:
The increase in energy utilization
Page 359 and 360:
are available for an entire year, 8
Page 361 and 362:
6. Extensions to core methodology 6
Page 363 and 364:
thermal storage and possible suppor
Page 365 and 366:
laterites. Ore Geology Reviews, v.
Page 367 and 368:
Page 369 and 370:
gasification [15], hybrid biomass g
Page 371 and 372:
the second reactor. In this unit, s
Page 373 and 374:
The variables effect was evaluated
Page 375 and 376:
atio, as well as the shift-syngas f
Page 377 and 378:
Fig. 4. Effect of operating tempera
Page 379 and 380:
SDG has slight effect on the syngas
Page 381:
[26.] Castle WF. Air separation and
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