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Use the Tracert tool of your system. Tracert integrates various functions. To visualise them all, type “tracert” in DOS. Three of these functions can be essential. 1. The “-d” option prevents the conversion of the IP addresses of the machines that relay the host names, e.g. tracert -d [IP address] 2. The “-h” option can specify the maximum number of relays, i.e. the maximum number of relay points, e.g. tracert -h 45 [IP address] 3. The “-w” option, which can specify a timeout or a delay after which the process is aborted, specific to the resolution of each host, e.g. tracert -w 999 [IP address] In the results table, you will find a classification of data relay systems. The delays in milliseconds show the amount of time that was needed to contact each relay system, knowing that each trial is done three times. In the last column appear the host names of the relay systems, with their translation into IP addresses. Train yourselves to find the information given in host names and in a traceroute. 2. Network machines listing A) Network Mapping The idea is to list all the machines present on the network, via ICMP requests (ping) on all IPs of a determined range, in order to have a complete picture of which machines are activated. This technique can be done manually with a scan tool of nmap type, which can be used in the shell (with Windows and Linux): The Hackademy DMP -26/209- SYSDREAM
nmap -sP 192.168.124.0/24 Starting nmap 3.50 ( http://www.insecure.org/nmap/ ) at 2004-05-18 20:26 CEST Host 192.168.124.1 appears to be up. Host 192.168.124.2 appears to be up. Host 192.168.124.10 appears to be up. Host 192.168.124.12 appears to be up. Host 192.168.124.15 appears to be up. Host Dantes (192.168.124.20) appears to be up. Nmap run completed -- 256 IP addresses (6 hosts up) scanned in 7.195 seconds Graphic utilities can be used to do the same type of operation: What's up gold: B) Zone Transfer All domains are associated to a DNS server, hosted either on the network itself, or externally. The role of this service is to send back to a client an IP address associated with a host name. The zone transfer asks the DNS server to list all entries related to a specific domain. This is generally used by secondary name servers to update their entries. If the consultation of these entries is not limited to the secondary server, a hacker can list a domain's entries. The network can then be mapped, without the intruder having to independently ping each machine. The nslookup utility, present on both Linux and Windows, can carry out this operation. The Hackademy DMP -27/209- SYSDREAM
Page 1 and 2: Hack security “pro”
Page 3 and 4: Authors For their contribution to t
Page 5 and 6: Chapter IV: Web Vulnerabilities....
Page 7 and 8: INTRODUCTION TO TCP/IP NETWORKS Net
Page 9 and 10: In case of reception, each layer wi
Page 11 and 12: ARP heading: The Hackademy DMP -11/
Page 13 and 14: Version: 4 bits. The version field
Page 15 and 16: TCP header: Source Port: 16 bits. T
Page 17 and 18: TCP/UDP Port Notions: Multiplexing/
Page 19 and 20: Start the MS-DOS control interface
Page 21 and 22: CHAPTER I INFORMATION ACQUISITION T
Page 23 and 24: expires: 2005-10-28 11:28:29 create
Page 25: In the answer field you will find:
Page 29 and 30: C) Fingerprinting the system The nm
Page 31 and 32: It is also possible to specify seve
Page 33 and 34: SMTP : Simple Mail Transfer Protoco
Page 35 and 36: SNMP : Simple Network Management Pr
Page 37 and 38: Here is a scan report obtained with
Page 39 and 40: # nmap 3.50 scan initiated Wed May
Page 41 and 42: CHAPTER II CLIENT VULNERABILITIES T
Page 43 and 44: File viruses: These viruses attack
Page 45 and 46: Retroviruses are a bit more aggress
Page 47 and 48: However, do check in the start file
Page 49 and 50: Creating a hidden gateway : But the
Page 51 and 52: infallible. It consists in associat
Page 53 and 54: DOS commands if conditional pluggin
Page 55 and 56: Each one of these zones can be conf
Page 57 and 58: The javascript code destined to dow
Page 59 and 60: The wizard will ask you the locatio
Page 61 and 62: CHAPTER III NETWORKS VULNERABILITIE
Page 63 and 64: Here, the connection between the ro
Page 65 and 66: Using the "Follow TCP Stream" optio
Page 67 and 68: You have just created a new filter.
Page 69 and 70: This handshake takes place as follo
Page 71 and 72: Third step Illustration 3: ACK To c
Page 73 and 74: The methodology of this type of att
Page 75 and 76: The case of the UDP protocol Unlike
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nc -l -v -n -p 887 Injection of com
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Let's try to connect again from mac
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We can see that Ethereal has seen i
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Conclusion The covert channel princ
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It is the IP protocol that is going
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We will simultaneously launch the p
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5.Connections Hijacking We are goin
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Let us now display the contents of
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B) DNS hijacking The DNS protocol i
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ssh2 protection The server's public
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B) SSL The SSL protocol functions w
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Recent viruses use the resources of
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1.Site Mapping The first thing a ha
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Scan_web.php Scan_web.php is a PHP
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The phpinfo() function gives the ha
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ack to an error message */ if ($ok
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System() Function The System() func
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Uploading via PHP Quite often, one
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inc.php file page1.php file By ty
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There are other functions of the sa
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i=0; j=0; while (data[i] != '=') {
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system("/usr/bin/sendmail -t test@t
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In all cases, it is also important
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It is therefore vital to understand
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The error means that the SQL reques
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} else{ } $query = "UPDATE users SE
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And here is the result: We are now
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We can see that CrashFr is now in b
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Once the client has entered his pse
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CHAPTER V APPLICATION VULNERABILITI
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2.Buffer Overflow Buffer overflow t
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xdream@Laptop:/$ readelf -a /bin/ls
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A few assembler notions Let us see
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Let us study the representation of
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The program segfaulted when trying
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We can determine that at address 0x
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The we can look in libc6 for the ad
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We can also see in the sources a ca
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3. String Format Presentation Strin
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So when the '%n' indicator is encou
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Using dtors. bash# objdump -s -j .d
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Security The only solution here is
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This program is “suidroot”, whi
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} } printf("Opening of file authori
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} flock(fd, LOCK_UN); //Closing of
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1.Authentication Brute force In thi
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Hybrid attack T launch a hybrid att
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LC3 offers 4 methods. 1. From the l
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B) The Unix passwd file On Unix sys
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C) Authentication service One of th
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The first thing to do is to create
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B) Backdoor kernel Backdoor kernels
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CHAPTER VII GENERIC SECURITY PROCED
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Configure snort so that it can stor
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Pmon NT Pmon is a process monitorin
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Here is a simple scenario. Let us t
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Step 2 : Encoding and signing (PGP)
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12.You can choose a separate Signat
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B) Cryptography of hard drives Wind
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The first time this operation is do
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Integrity controller on Linux There
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There are three protection levels:
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"Program control" Section The “pr
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The rules take the following values
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7.VPN What is a Virtual Private Net
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Contact 1 Villa du clos de Malevart
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