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Security Sniffing is actually just a legitimate way of listening to transiting traffic, so it is difficult to establish security solutions that are really efficient. It is therefore strongly recommended to always use encrypted information to ensure transiting data remains confidential. 2.Network Spoofing A) Presentation IP spoofing is not actually an attack itself, but can be used in many other intrusion or information gathering techniques (see Idle host scanning). Spoofing is a technique that can use the existing “network confidence relations” between various machines. We will take advantage of the fact that IP : • is one of the most solicited protocols. • is an uncertain network protocol, it is not connected and does not handle packets that have already been transmitted, nor does it handle those that are going to come. • it does not in any way handle packet security or confidentiality, this role is left to the upper layers IP is often coupled to the TCP protocol, and this gives it the reliability that it otherwise lacks. TCP is a “connected” protocol and before being able to exchange information, the machines concerned will have to establish a connection (3-way handshake). This reliability is ensured in two ways: – Sequencing. – Acknowledging. B) Establishing a TCP connection As mentioned previously, in order to exchange information, two machines must first establish a connection (TCP in this case). To illustrate this technical aspect, we are going to use Ethereal, which will enable us to sniff packets transiting through a network interface. In the present case, let us consider a “telnet” connection between two machines. Machine A does a telnet on machine B on port 6666... The Hackademy DMP -68/209- SYSDREAM
This handshake takes place as follows: First step The machine sends a packet to request the establishment of a connection to machine B. Illustration 1: SYN Each packet (or datagram) has what is called a header with a length of 32 bits. It contains various informations, and these are the ones of interest to us: • A “flag” system that can determine to what the packet corresponds. In our case the packet contains an initialized SYN “flag” (fixed at 1). • A sequence number (SEQ) created randomly by the kernel. The Hackademy DMP -69/209- SYSDREAM
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Hack security “pro”
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Authors For their contribution to t
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Chapter IV: Web Vulnerabilities....
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INTRODUCTION TO TCP/IP NETWORKS Net
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In case of reception, each layer wi
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ARP heading: The Hackademy DMP -11/
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Version: 4 bits. The version field
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TCP header: Source Port: 16 bits. T
Page 17 and 18: TCP/UDP Port Notions: Multiplexing/
Page 19 and 20: Start the MS-DOS control interface
Page 21 and 22: CHAPTER I INFORMATION ACQUISITION T
Page 23 and 24: expires: 2005-10-28 11:28:29 create
Page 25 and 26: In the answer field you will find:
Page 27 and 28: nmap -sP 192.168.124.0/24 Starting
Page 29 and 30: C) Fingerprinting the system The nm
Page 31 and 32: It is also possible to specify seve
Page 33 and 34: SMTP : Simple Mail Transfer Protoco
Page 35 and 36: SNMP : Simple Network Management Pr
Page 37 and 38: Here is a scan report obtained with
Page 39 and 40: # nmap 3.50 scan initiated Wed May
Page 41 and 42: CHAPTER II CLIENT VULNERABILITIES T
Page 43 and 44: File viruses: These viruses attack
Page 45 and 46: Retroviruses are a bit more aggress
Page 47 and 48: However, do check in the start file
Page 49 and 50: Creating a hidden gateway : But the
Page 51 and 52: infallible. It consists in associat
Page 53 and 54: DOS commands if conditional pluggin
Page 55 and 56: Each one of these zones can be conf
Page 57 and 58: The javascript code destined to dow
Page 59 and 60: The wizard will ask you the locatio
Page 61 and 62: CHAPTER III NETWORKS VULNERABILITIE
Page 63 and 64: Here, the connection between the ro
Page 65 and 66: Using the "Follow TCP Stream" optio
Page 67: You have just created a new filter.
Page 71 and 72: Third step Illustration 3: ACK To c
Page 73 and 74: The methodology of this type of att
Page 75 and 76: The case of the UDP protocol Unlike
Page 77 and 78: nc -l -v -n -p 887 Injection of com
Page 79 and 80: Let's try to connect again from mac
Page 81 and 82: We can see that Ethereal has seen i
Page 83 and 84: Conclusion The covert channel princ
Page 85 and 86: It is the IP protocol that is going
Page 87 and 88: We will simultaneously launch the p
Page 89 and 90: 5.Connections Hijacking We are goin
Page 91 and 92: Let us now display the contents of
Page 93 and 94: B) DNS hijacking The DNS protocol i
Page 95 and 96: ssh2 protection The server's public
Page 97 and 98: B) SSL The SSL protocol functions w
Page 99 and 100: Recent viruses use the resources of
Page 101 and 102: 1.Site Mapping The first thing a ha
Page 103 and 104: Scan_web.php Scan_web.php is a PHP
Page 105 and 106: The phpinfo() function gives the ha
Page 107 and 108: ack to an error message */ if ($ok
Page 109 and 110: System() Function The System() func
Page 111 and 112: Uploading via PHP Quite often, one
Page 113 and 114: inc.php file page1.php file By ty
Page 115 and 116: There are other functions of the sa
Page 117 and 118: i=0; j=0; while (data[i] != '=') {
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system("/usr/bin/sendmail -t test@t
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In all cases, it is also important
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It is therefore vital to understand
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The error means that the SQL reques
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} else{ } $query = "UPDATE users SE
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And here is the result: We are now
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We can see that CrashFr is now in b
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Once the client has entered his pse
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CHAPTER V APPLICATION VULNERABILITI
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2.Buffer Overflow Buffer overflow t
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xdream@Laptop:/$ readelf -a /bin/ls
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A few assembler notions Let us see
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Let us study the representation of
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The program segfaulted when trying
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We can determine that at address 0x
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The we can look in libc6 for the ad
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We can also see in the sources a ca
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3. String Format Presentation Strin
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So when the '%n' indicator is encou
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Using dtors. bash# objdump -s -j .d
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Security The only solution here is
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This program is “suidroot”, whi
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} } printf("Opening of file authori
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} flock(fd, LOCK_UN); //Closing of
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1.Authentication Brute force In thi
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Hybrid attack T launch a hybrid att
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LC3 offers 4 methods. 1. From the l
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B) The Unix passwd file On Unix sys
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C) Authentication service One of th
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The first thing to do is to create
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B) Backdoor kernel Backdoor kernels
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CHAPTER VII GENERIC SECURITY PROCED
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Configure snort so that it can stor
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Pmon NT Pmon is a process monitorin
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Here is a simple scenario. Let us t
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Step 2 : Encoding and signing (PGP)
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12.You can choose a separate Signat
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B) Cryptography of hard drives Wind
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The first time this operation is do
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Integrity controller on Linux There
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There are three protection levels:
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"Program control" Section The “pr
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The rules take the following values
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7.VPN What is a Virtual Private Net
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Contact 1 Villa du clos de Malevart
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Created by trainers from The Hackad
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