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Chapter 5. Interaction with Virtual Crowds for VRET of Agoraphobia 5.7 Discussion Interest Point Definition. Our current implementation does not compute interest points automatically as in the offline method. Our totally random mode would probably benefit from such an implementation instead of randomly choosing from all characters (or the user). We believe this would allow this mode to seem much more natural than in its current state. Gaze modes. Other gaze modes could be created by adding an impact factor to some characters or objects as in the offline method. For example, we could allow a sculpture in the middle of a square to have a high impact. Many characters would then look at the sculpture and then switch to looking at other characters or the user. Similarly, we could use the random mode in which the user would have a high impact. Characters would then mostly look at the user but would also look at one another from time to time. Sound. This application could also greatly benefit from the addition of sound. Indeed, we believe that sound, and more specifically 3D sound, could greatly increase its realism and thus potentially allow the exposure to become much more anxiety provoking. 5.8 Conclusion In this chapter, we have presented an application that allows interaction with virtual crowd characters in a CAVE environment. By using motion capture, we can determine where a user is positioned and what he/she is looking at. We use this data in order to let the characters perform gaze behaviors and waving gestures. The characters thus seem to be aware of the user and interact with him/her. We have explained in detail the method we use to determine the points of interest the characters should look at. We have also described how the original character motions should be adapted in order for them to perform the gaze behaviors. Finally, we have explained how this method differs from the one presented in the previous chapter in order for it to respond to online requirements. 72
CHAPTER 6 Experimental Validations - Social Phobia In this chapter, we first go over the equipment we used in our various experiments in the con<strong>text</strong> of social phobia. We then describe three different experiments we have conducted in this domain. The first was done in order to validate the scenarios we have discussed in Chapter 3.2. The second experiment was done in order to evaluate the potential of eyetracking for the diagnosis and assessment of social phobia. Finally, our third experiment evaluates the potential of the application we have described in Chapter 3.3 which allows interaction between a user and virtual characters based on gaze behaviors. 6.1 Experimental Setup The equipment setup we used to conduct the experiments relative to social phobia is depicted in Figure 6.1. This setup contains various components. The first one is a head-mounted eyetracking device, depicted on the left of Figure 6.2. This device is an ISCAN RK-726PCI pupil/corneal reflection tracking system [Iscan, <strong>20</strong>09]. It is a head mounted system which operates at 60 Hz. It is composed of two cameras, one directed toward the eye and the other, in the opposite direction. It also has a dichroic mirror and an infrared eye illuminator. It tracks the subject’s pupil and a reflection from the corneal surface. The distance between the two then allows the determination of the eye position, and the POR. In order for this to function properly, the subject first has to go through a calibration process. This consists of successively looking at five points projected on screen; on the top left, on the top right, in the middle, on the bottom left and on the bottom right. During this process, the user has 73
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Simulating Interactions with Virtua
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3.2.4 Scripts . . . . . . . . . . .
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7.3 Experimental Protocol . . . . .
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Résumé La Réalité Virtuelle (RV
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CHAPTER 1 Introduction 1.1 Context
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1.3. Contributions in areas of dail
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1.5. Organization of this Document
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CHAPTER 2 State of the Art 2.1 Virt
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2.1. Virtual Reality Exposure Thera
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APPENDIX A Ethics Commission Reques
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- Cette condition persiste pendant
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laires sur un groupe de personnes s
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Richard G Heimberg, Social Phobia -
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APPENDIX B Fearful Situation Docume
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APPENDIX C List of Abbreviations AS
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APPENDIX D Glossary Acrophobia: acr
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List of Figures LIST OF FIGURES 2.1
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List of Figures 6.3 Results to the
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Bibliography BIBLIOGRAPHY American
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Bibliography Dassault Systèmes. ht
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Bibliography Iscan. http://www.isca
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Bibliography A. Mühlberger, M.J. W
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Bibliography B.O. Rothbaum, L.F. Ho
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WHO. The ICD-10 Classification Of M
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