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impact that I think profoundly affects the way the country thinks about itself’. Tony Blair Stonewall Equality Dinner 22 March 2007 (Cowan 2007: p.1) 35 On the question of child adoption the Eurobarometer found that across the EU only an average of 31 per cent of respondents agreed: 'The proposition that homosexual couples should be authorised to adopt children receives extremely different levels of agreement from one country to another: it ranges from 7% in Pol<strong>and</strong> <strong>and</strong> Malta to 69% in the Netherl<strong>and</strong>s. Sweden is the only other country where (just) more than half supports the view that ‘the adoption of children should be authorised for homosexual couples throughout Europe’.' 36 Attitudes for allowing child adoption for homosexual couples 35 Cowan, K. (2007) British attitudes to lesbian <strong>and</strong> gay people www.stonewall.org.uk 36 Eurobarometer 66 (2006), p. 45, available at: http://ec.europa.eu/public_opinion/archives/eb/eb66/eb66_en.pdf (16.12.2008) Part II - The Social Situation 35
<strong>Homophobia</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Discrimination</strong> on Grounds of Sexual Orientation <strong>and</strong> Gender Identity in the EU Member States 36 Other national surveys on attitudes Examining other aspects of attitudes towards LGBT people, national surveys indicate a prevalence of negative attitudes toward LGBT persons in various contexts. In a Bulgarian survey 37 , 42 per cent of respondents would not like to have a homosexual as friend or colleague <strong>and</strong> 47 per cent would not accept it if their child was homosexual. In a United Kingdom, survey 38 covering Scotl<strong>and</strong>, half of the respondents stated that they would be unhappy about a relative forming a long-term relationship with a transsexual person. In a Danish survey, 39 53 per cent of men aged 15-24 did not think it was acceptable to have sex with someone of the same sex, but only 21 per cent of young women had the same opinion. According to a German study, 40 32 per cent of the respondents thought that the sight of two homosexuals kissing is disgusting. A Lithuanian study 41 found that 47 per cent of the respondents considered homosexuality as an illness <strong>and</strong> believed that homosexuals should be treated medically; 62 per cent would not like to belong to any organisation with homosexual members; 69 per cent did not want homosexuals to work in schools; 50 per cent objected to homosexuals working in the police force. An earlier European Values Study in Greece showed a net contrast of attitudes among respondents of different age <strong>and</strong> with different education level. The majority of respondents (58.6 per cent) found homosexuality not to be “justifiable”, but this is much higher among persons over 50 (84.7 per cent) than for persons under 30 years of age (44.7 per cent) indicating that attitudes may be gradually changing 42 . Regardless of the differences between the Member States, the surveys indicate that homophobia <strong>and</strong> dislike of LGBT persons is prevalent. A similar picture arises from the e-survey of stakeholders: Thirty per cent considered that ‘a minority' of the population accepts lesbians or that there is 'no acceptance'. The figure for gay men is higher at 40 per cent <strong>and</strong> for bisexuals 38 per cent, while for transgender persons is particularly low at 73 per cent. 37 Sociological Agency Skala (2007) Attitude toward the minority groups <strong>and</strong> discriminatory mindsets in the Bulgarian society, Sociological survey under the project From antidiscrimination to equal opportunities – innovative methods <strong>and</strong> effective practices of the Commission for Protection Against <strong>Discrimination</strong>, Sofia. 38 C. Bromley, J. Curtice, L. Given (2007) Attitudes to discrimination in Scotl<strong>and</strong>: 2006, Scottish Social Attitudes Survey, Edinburgh: Scottish Government Social Research. 39 Sundhedsstyrelsen [The National Board of Health] (2006) Ung2006. De 15-24-åriges seksualitet, Copenhagen 40 Institut für interdisziplinäre Konflikt und Gewaltforschung [IKG] (2006) ‘Indikatoren des Syndroms Gruppenbezogene Menschenfeindlichkeit im Vergleich’, available at: http://www.uni-bielefeld.de/ikg/index.htm (15.06.2006). 41 The Market <strong>and</strong> Opinion Research Centre 'Vilmorus Ltd.' (2006) <strong>Discrimination</strong> against Various Social Groups in Lithuania, Vilnius 42 European Values Study (1999) available at www.jdsurvey.net/web/evs1.htm (13.11.2008)
Page 2 and 3: European Union Agency for Fundament
Page 4 and 5: Foreword On December 18 2008 the UN
Page 6 and 7: Contents FOREWORD .................
Page 8 and 9: Executive Summary Background The pr
Page 10 and 11: Fear of discrimination, homophobia
Page 12 and 13: usually young men in groups. In rec
Page 14 and 15: Bullying and haras
Page 16 and 17: Asylum Although all Member States r
Page 18 and 19: Opinions According to Art 4(1)(d) o
Page 20 and 21: more public awareness on LGBT issue
Page 22 and 23: 25. Sports organisations or institu
Page 24 and 25: Introduction ‘Respect for the rig
Page 26 and 27: Clarification of terms and<
Page 28 and 29: assigned to them at birth. This inc
Page 30 and 31: Methodology The present analysis re
Page 32 and 33: PART I: Lesbians, gay men, bisexual
Page 34 and 35: in 2003 by the Campaign Against <st
Page 38 and 39: These results come as no surprise.
Page 40 and 41: ‘came out’ to their parents. In
Page 42 and 43: Legislation regarding homophobic ha
Page 44 and 45: and National Equal
Page 46 and 47: 'A group of young people from my to
Page 48 and 49: Several factors may contribute to t
Page 50 and 51: eveal that the National Equality Bo
Page 52 and 53: 'We must say a clear "no" to all th
Page 54 and 55: The Office of the Equal Opportuniti
Page 56 and 57: Bans In recent years there have bee
Page 58 and 59: news media. Violent attacks on demo
Page 60 and 61: efused to rent office space to the
Page 62 and 63: A Finnish study 153 indicated that
Page 64 and 65: National Equality Bodies There is a
Page 66 and 67: Interviews with National Equality B
Page 68 and 69: Research on workplace experiences T
Page 70 and 71: Another United Kingdom study, 194 b
Page 72 and 73: Conclusions LGBT persons are subjec
Page 74 and 75: In interview, the Belgian LGBT NGO
Page 76 and 77: ‘horseplay’ or ‘messing aroun
Page 78 and 79: LGBT youth examined suggested that
Page 80 and 81: educational curricula, as it contri
Page 82 and 83: on the grounds of their sexual orie
Page 84 and 85: 'I was an out patient at hospital <
Page 86 and 87:
general population, and</st
Page 88 and 89:
I.7. Religious institutions It was
Page 90 and 91:
specified. The EU has criticized th
Page 92 and 93:
I.8. Sports This section addresses
Page 94 and 95:
issue of homophobia or the situatio
Page 96 and 97:
I.9. Media This section examines ho
Page 98 and 99:
appear as heterosexuals in order to
Page 100 and 101:
Conclusions Incidents of homophobic
Page 102 and 103:
In other Member States data indicat
Page 104 and 105:
interaction with police was support
Page 106 and 107:
Conclusions All the Member States i
Page 108 and 109:
National Council for Combating <str
Page 110 and 111:
empowering ethnic minority LGBT peo
Page 112 and 113:
Conclusions People with multiple id
Page 114 and 115:
ief overview is given here in order
Page 116 and 117:
e closely linked with, among other
Page 118 and 119:
sexual abuse (4 per cent) were also
Page 120 and 121:
eported that they were afraid of ha
Page 122 and 123:
The Labour Market There is no evide
Page 124 and 125:
to to provide LGBTQ student organis
Page 126 and 127:
towards gender identity are common
Page 128 and 129:
Good practice: In the United Kingdo
Page 130 and 131:
Elderly transgender people have bee
Page 132 and 133:
Homophobia, transp
Page 134 and 135:
Annex 1 Country Report Authors Coun
Page 136 and 137:
Annex 2 Stakeholder E - Questionnai
Page 138 and 139:
2. A minority accepts 3. Half of p
Page 140 and 141:
4. Almost full recognition 5. Tota
Page 142 and 143:
4. Good protection 5. High protect
Page 144 and 145:
31. Please state your assessment of
Page 146 and 147:
Asylum and family
Page 148 and 149:
48. Primary education (Basic school
Page 150 and 151:
Don't know Does not apply/Not rele
Page 152 and 153:
4. Somewhat high level of awareness
Page 154 and 155:
76. If you have any further comment
Page 156:
European Union Agency for Fundament
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