Feeding Systems with Legumes to Intensify Dairy Farms - cgiar

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References Cipagauta, M.; Velásquez, J.; and Pulido, J. I. 1998. Producción de leche en tres pastures de piedemonte amazónico del Caquetá, Colombia. Pasturas Tropicales 20(3):2-9. González, M. S.; Van Heurck, L. M.; Romero, F.; Pezo, D.; and Argel, P. 1996. Producción de leche en pasturas de estrella africana (Cynodon nlemfuensis) solo y asociado con Arachis pintoi o Desmodium ovalifolium. Pasturas Tropicales 18(1):2-12. Haydock, K.P. and Shawn, N.H. 1975. The comparative yield method for estimating dry matter yield of pasture. Aust. J. Animal. Husb. 15:663-670. Lascano, C. and Avila, P. 1991. Potencial de producción de leche en pasturas solas y asociadas con leguminosas adaptadas a suelos ácidos. Pasturas Tropicales 13(3):2-10. Paladines, O. and Lascano, C. 1983. Recomendaciones para evaluar germoplasma bajo pastoreo en pequeños potreros. In: Paladines, O. and C. Lascano (eds.). Germoplasma forrajero bajo pastoreo en pequeñas parcelas. Metodologías de Evaluación. Red Internacional de Evaluación de Pastos Tropicales (RIEPT), Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropica (CIAT), Cali, Colombia. p. 165-183. Romero, F. and González, J. 1998. Produciendo más leche mediante pastures asociadas con Arachis pintoi. Hoja Informativa Tropileche no. 4 (marzo 1998). Centro Internacional de Agricultura Tropical (CIAT), Cali, Colombia. Steel, R. D. G. and Torrie, J. C. 1988. Bioestadística: principios y procedimientos. 2nd ed. Translated by Ricardo Martínez. Mexico, Mc Graw-Hill. Ullrich, C.; Vera, R.; and Weniger, J. A. 1994. Producción de leche con vacas de doble propósito en pasturas solas y asociadas con leguminosas. Pasturas Tropicales 16(3):27-30. 54
Effect of Age of Regrowth and Cutting Height on Productivity of Cratylia argentea cv. Veraniega in the Subhumid Tropics of Costa Rica Marco Lobo and Vidal Acuña MAG, Costa Rica Livestock development in the tropics, which is characterized as being extensive, is based on the use of grasses; however, in farms that are a little more intensive, as is the case of dual-purpose and semi-specialized dairies, animal nutrition is complemented with agroindustrial by-products during the dry season. More and more, these by-products are not used because of their highly variable nutritive quality and price. Furthermore, in several of these regions these by-products must be treated with heat, which affects their nutritive quality. Therefore the use of shrub legumes has been studied in recent years to offer cattle a better source of on-farm feed while reducing feeding costs. Cratylia argentea is a shrub legume native to the Amazon region and parts of Brazil, Peru, and Bolivia. It is characterized by its adaptation to a broad range of soils, mainly well-drained, low-fertility acid soils, and its capacity for regrowth during the dry season. Its crude protein (CP) content is high, its in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) is intermediate, and the consumption of this forage becomes more appealing during the dry season. This study aims to evaluate the productivity (production and nutritive value) of C. argentea cv. Veraniega, at two ages of regrowth and three cutting heights, in Costa Rica’s central Pacific region. Materials and Methods At the beginning of the 1996 rainy season, a forage bank of C. argentea was established on a farm in San Juan Grande de Esparza (250 masl with annual average precipitation of 2,400 mm and a 6-month dry season). Distance between plants was 50 cm and distance between rows was 1 m. The soil was a clay loam Ultisol, with the following characteristics: pH, 5.4; Ca, 7.2 cmol/L; Mg, 0 2.6 cmol/L; P, 6 mg/L; and 3.1% of OM. 55
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Feeding Systems with Legumes to Int
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Holmann, Federico and Lascano, Carl
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List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
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At the CIAT-Quilichao station (Depa
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In collaboration with Nicaragua’s
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(Continued) Component Activity Outs
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Activity 2.1. On-farm evaluation of
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FINAL REPORT OF THE TROPILECHE CONS
Page 17 and 18: RESEARCH RESULTS Component 1: Optim
Page 19 and 20: during the rainy season, samplings
Page 21 and 22: Ncidence (%) 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Page 23 and 24: Table 3. Effect of three types of p
Page 25 and 26: References Cipagauta, M.; Velasquez
Page 27 and 28: Table 1. Effect of incorporating St
Page 29 and 30: Evaluation of Milk Production Syste
Page 31 and 32: Table 2. Quality of milk produced b
Page 33 and 34: Table 1. Effect of level and freque
Page 35 and 36: Effects of Feeding Fresh and Ensile
Page 37 and 38: Table 1. Daily intake of dry matter
Page 39 and 40: argentea (taking into account cutti
Page 41 and 42: Evaluation of Cratylia argentea as
Page 43 and 44: A 3 x 3 Latin square changeover des
Page 45 and 46: argentea is recommended over the us
Page 47 and 48: The silos were left to ferment for
Page 49 and 50: References Argel, P. J. and Lascano
Page 51 and 52: y the Grain and Seed Research Cente
Page 53 and 54: Table 2. Yields per hectare in diff
Page 55 and 56: Table 1. Treatments evaluated for m
Page 57 and 58: Table 3. Dry matter and crude prote
Page 59 and 60: Activity 1.3 Functional relationshi
Page 61 and 62: increase in milk yield when offered
Page 63 and 64: Milk Production in Dual-Purpose Cow
Page 65 and 66: associated pasture. Also, the perce
Page 67: that of cows grazing sole cropped p
Page 71 and 72: Average DM yields/plant at 60 days
Page 73 and 74: Percentage 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 F
Page 75 and 76: Effect of Supplementing Fresh and E
Page 77 and 78: Table 1. Average milk production, t
Page 79 and 80: Lucas, H. L. 1983. Design and analy
Page 81 and 82: U = overall mean Tj = effect of the
Page 83 and 84: In the case of king grass, estimate
Page 85 and 86: Milk production during the season o
Page 87 and 88: Jorge Vela IIAP, Peru Use of Stylos
Page 89 and 90: Use of Stylosanthes guianensis with
Page 91 and 92: Activity 2.3. Integration of inform
Page 93 and 94: Application of the Model to Researc
Page 95 and 96: Table 3. Actual and predicted milk
Page 97 and 98: Usefulness of the CNCPS Model The T
Page 99 and 100: Annual Meeting February 1998, Costa
Page 101 and 102: Regional Consultation Meeting Octob
Page 103 and 104: Ex-Ante Analysis of New Forage Alte
Page 105 and 106: Resource prices and capital investm
Page 107 and 108: Table 3. Direct production costs, g
Page 109 and 110: Production costs decreased as produ
Page 111 and 112: Ex-ante analysis for Nicaragua. The
Page 113 and 114: Real interest (%) 60 50 40 30 20 10
Page 115 and 116: With this alternative, the milk pro
Page 117 and 118: Early Adoption of Arachis pintoi in
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Table 2. Change in area of improved
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Table 5. Profitability of Arachis p
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with a dry season between May and A
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From 21% to 73% of the farmers grew
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Research Recommendations Based on r
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Materials and Methods Data for this
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Prices of Inputs/Outputs and Use of
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Table 3. Amount of feed supplements
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adoption level requires the lowest
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Table 6. Use of a simulation model
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The production cost/kg milk was low
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level of adoption can be regarded a
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income was lower or equal to 6 mont
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Table 10. Annual seed requirements
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Nicaragua. In addition, this level
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Analysis of the Milk Market of Smal
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Results and Discussion Collection o
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Table 2. Characteristics of milk an
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The third need identified in Hondur
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artisan cheese factories milk with
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Tropileche Newsletter Federico Holm
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Tropileche on Internet Anderson Med
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Production of Brochures for Extensi
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with heavy soils and frequent rains
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systems, its use by ruminants can b
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Brachiaria brizantha CIAT 26110: Cu
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growing this cultivar in Costa Rica
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Technical bulletins Argel, P. J. an
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International Seminars Argel, P. J.
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LIST OF PROJECT PROPOSALS DEVELOPED
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