Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Technology State of the ... - NEXTHYLIGHTS

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Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Technology State of the Art Review The number of competitors in the FC bus market has slowly increased in time, showing a substantial increase in the last two years. This increment is partially due to the entrance into the market of Chinese and Brazilian firms through the UNDP Fuel Cell Bus program, as well as European firms through new purchase orders made by the members of the Hydrogen Bus Alliance (HBA) and North American transit agencies. Cumulative number of firms 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Number of competitors in the FC bus market 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 Bus Manufacturers FC Manufacturers Figure 8 Cumulative number of firms active in the FC bus market against time. The figure reports the number of firms that provided or powered at least one fuel cell bus for any given year. Data for 2010 includes projects planned to be operative by 2010-2011. The penetration of new competitors in the fuel cell bus market has been promoted by the initiation of a new wave of demonstration projects, which has led to new investments in the sector. 22
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Technology State of the Art Review 2.1 Hydrogen bus value chain The value chain of hybridised fuel cell buses involves a larger number of stakeholders. These firms provide highly specialised components or services, such as the hydrogen storage system, the electric powertrain and integration services. Figure 9, below, summarises the typical value chain of hybrid FC buses. OEM FC manufacturers Specialty Firms Integrators Fuel Cell System Body Chassis Hydrogen Storage systems = component manufacturer / service provider Battery = may manufacture the component or provide the service Power electronics Electric Motors Vehicle Integration Vehicle Testing Figure 9 Schematic of the value chain for hybrid fuel cell buses. Dark blue shows the specialty for each stakeholder. In light blue are marked service and components that can be provided by the different stakeholders. Schematically, the value chain presents nine key elements in delivering an operational hybrid fuel cell bus, from the manufacturing of the fuel cell system to the vehicle testing (this latter being generally performed before and during the in-revenue operation of the bus). Some OEMs, the bus manufacturers, have a comprehensive presence on most of the value chain, typically through controlled firms (this is the case for Daimler through AFCC, EvoBus etc., for example). 23
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