Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Technology State of the ... - NEXTHYLIGHTS
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Technology State of the ... - NEXTHYLIGHTS
Hydrogen Fuel Cell Bus Technology State of the ... - NEXTHYLIGHTS
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<strong>Hydrogen</strong> <strong>Fuel</strong> <strong>Cell</strong> <strong>Bus</strong> <strong>Technology</strong> <strong>State</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Art Review<br />
The FTA, DOE and CARB developed <strong>the</strong>ir programmes having in mind precise targets<br />
on <strong>the</strong> techno-economic performance <strong>of</strong> FCB and hydrogen infrastructures. These<br />
targets are essentially <strong>the</strong> DOE‟s targets for fuel cell vehicles, summarised in Table 11.<br />
Table 11 DOE‟s selected <strong>Fuel</strong> <strong>Cell</strong> performance targets for vehicles by 2015-2020<br />
Authority<br />
DOE<br />
Efficiency FC<br />
durability Availability<br />
50% at<br />
full<br />
power<br />
5,000<br />
hours<br />
<strong>Fuel</strong><br />
Econo<br />
my<br />
85%* NA<br />
Vehicle<br />
Range<br />
300<br />
miles<br />
FC<br />
cost<br />
$30<br />
/kW**<br />
<strong>Hydrogen</strong><br />
fuelling<br />
rate<br />
Sources: [NREL, 2009c], [DOE, 2009].<br />
* This target is intended for FC buses according to transit agencies needs [NREL, 2008].<br />
** This target is intended for FC light vehicles. Heavy duty fuel cells are expected to cost more.<br />
Canada<br />
1.6kg/min<br />
@ 350bar<br />
<strong>Hydrogen</strong><br />
costs<br />
(delivered)<br />
$2-3/gge<br />
Canada‟s hydrogen and fuel cells RD&D activities came under <strong>the</strong> umbrella <strong>of</strong> a network<br />
formed by <strong>the</strong> Canadian National Research Council (CNRC), <strong>the</strong> Canadian <strong>Hydrogen</strong><br />
and <strong>Fuel</strong> <strong>Cell</strong> Association (CHFCA) and <strong>the</strong> Canadian Department <strong>of</strong> Industry (Industry<br />
Canada, IC). Demonstration activities benefit also from local programs such as <strong>the</strong><br />
<strong>Hydrogen</strong> Highway in <strong>the</strong> British Columbia, a voluntary network <strong>of</strong> private and public<br />
partners aiming to commercialize FC technologies in <strong>the</strong> transport sector.<br />
Although Canada has not had a large transit bus demonstration project in <strong>the</strong> recent<br />
past, <strong>the</strong> country is now hosting <strong>the</strong> world‟s largest hybrid FCB fleet. This demonstration<br />
is operated by a single transit agency (BC Transit) and started in time for <strong>the</strong> 2010<br />
Olympic Winter Games for a period <strong>of</strong> four years (2010-2014), with an initial funding <strong>of</strong><br />
CAN$89 million provided by The British Columbia province, BC Transit and Canada‟s<br />
Public Transit Capital Trusts [CHFCA, 2010][IC, 2008]. The demonstration includes <strong>the</strong><br />
world largest hydrogen refuelling station (HRS), which has a dispensing capacity <strong>of</strong><br />
1000kg/day [IC, 2008] [NREL, 2009b].<br />
Canada‟s targets on hydrogen fuelled fuel cell vehicles have been developed by Industry<br />
Canada (IC). IC has recently published Canada‟s fuel cell commercialisation plan [IC,<br />
2008], stating indicative targets on <strong>the</strong> performance <strong>of</strong> hydrogen fuel cell buses for<br />
achieving <strong>the</strong>ir commercialisation by 2015. These targets are summarised in Table 12,<br />
below.<br />
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