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124 Concepts for the Integration of Specification and Design models consistent are performed on the various levels simultaneously and as soon as possible. This prevents big changes later in the process. The process of making and keeping models consistent is supported by behaviour preserving transformations. Essential Behaviour Model Extended Behaviour Model Customer requirements Essential specification Extended specification Implementation Architecture Structure Model Implementation Structure Model Figure 5.4: Essential and Extended Modelling 5.4.2 The SHE Framework: Essence and Extension In contrast to the simple separation into essential and implementation model, we refine this approach into four models (see Figure 5.4): Essential Behaviour Model; Extended Behaviour Model; Architecture Structure Model; Implementation Structure Model. Figure 5.4 shows two modelling phases: Essential Specification; Extended Specification.
5.4 Essential Model and Extended Model 125 The phases divide the specification process in a sequence of two steps in time. In each phase two models are developed simultaneously: Essential Behaviour Model and Architecture Structure Model; Extended Behaviour Model and Implementation Structure Model. Simultaneous modelling is visualised by the two headed arrows in Figure 5.4. The separation into four models determines the activity framework of the new method. Behaviour modelling consists of two pieces. Firstly essential behaviour and secondly additional behaviour that is needed because of implementation decisions. Additional behaviour leads to an extended behaviour. This separation can be explained by a short excursion to method heuristics. Ward and Mellor [WM85] give some guidelines in the context of redevelopment versus new development. An essential model must be derived from the existing design, in case of redevelopment. An example of a heuristic for redevelopment is ’ignore implementation technology verification’. This means: Try to find the essential behaviour in the existing implementation. Remove behaviour that improves the imperfections of the implementation technology. After all, the new implementation may have completely different properties. We interpreted this heuristic for redevelopment as very important for new development. We need apparently two separate phases. A first modelling phase where the essential behaviour is defined and a second phase where behaviour that comes with concrete implementation decisions is added. Notice that the separation into phases is different from the sequential approach in Figure 5.3. In both phases of development the behaviour model must be created in parallel with the structure of the implementation. Essential behaviour modelling is performed parallel with essential implementation modelling. The essential implementation model defines implementation decisions on a high level of abstraction and determines corresponding structuring and modularity of the system. This defines a view of the system that reveals structure, which influences the modularity of the system. This view is therefore called an architecture structure. Consequently this high level model is called Architecture Structure Model. Lower level, more detailed implementation structure decisions are defined in the so-called Implementation Structure Model. The precise difference between essential specification and extended specification depends on the system to be designed. Large complex systems tend to have more levels of abstraction than smaller systems. Therefore there may be different interpretations of what is essence and what is extension, and also what architecture modelling is and what implementation modelling is. An essential behaviour model defines ’what’ communication happens. It abstracts from ’how’ communication between modules is performed. Behaviour, that defines how communication is realised, is added in an extended model. An example of additional behaviour is the extension with communication protocols. A simple message in the
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Specification of Reactive Hardware/
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to Leny, Inge and our parents
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Contents Acknowledgements v 1 Intro
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CONTENTS ix 4.6.5 Aggregate Semanti
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CONTENTS xi 6 Modelling of Concurre
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CONTENTS xiii 6.6.7.2 System Specif
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CONTENTS xv 11.4.2.3 Requirements C
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List of Figures 1.1 Chapter Overvie
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LIST OF FIGURES xix 6.16 Strongly D
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Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Objectiv
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1.1 Objectives 3 understood and sti
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1.1 Objectives 5 Informal and Forma
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1.2 Thesis Organisation 7 Chapter 1
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1.2 Thesis Organisation 9 Recommend
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Chapter 2 On Specification of React
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2.3 Specifications, Models and View
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2.4 Specification Languages, Formal
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2.4 Specification Languages, Formal
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2.5 Modelling Concepts 23 entirety.
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2.5 Modelling Concepts 25 Tradition
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2.6 Activity Frameworks for Specifi
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2.6 Activity Frameworks for Specifi
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2.7 Summary 31 offer many guideline
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Chapter 3 Concepts for Analysis, Sp
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3.3 Concepts 35 3. creation of a sy
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3.5 Combining Compatible Concepts 3
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 39 3.
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 41 Th
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 43 ac
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 45 ac
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 47 wa
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 49 Ge
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 51 Re
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3.7 Summary and Concluding Remarks
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Chapter 4 Abstraction of a Problem
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4.1 Introduction 57 earlier phase t
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4.2 Objects 59 An object can mean t
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4.2 Objects 61 wonder what other ob
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4.3 Classes 63 A message interface
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4.3 Classes 65 Class B Attributes M
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4.4 Data Objects and Process Object
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Page 99 and 100: 4.5 Clusters 79 flows. Clusters ena
Page 101 and 102: 4.6 Aggregates 81 Therefore a compl
Page 103 and 104: 4.6 Aggregates 83 4.6.4 Clustered A
Page 105 and 106: 4.6 Aggregates 85 An old philosophi
Page 107 and 108: 4.7 Identity and Object Identifiers
Page 109 and 110: 4.8 Properties of Composites 89 for
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Page 113 and 114: 4.8 Properties of Composites 93 Whe
Page 115 and 116: 4.8 Properties of Composites 95 In
Page 117 and 118: 4.9 Channel Hiding 97 Servant A Sup
Page 119 and 120: 4.11 Composites and Hierarchies 99
Page 121 and 122: 4.12 Object Variety 101 Part class
Page 123 and 124: 4.13 Object Class Models 103 Anothe
Page 125 and 126: 4.13 Object Class Models 105 of obj
Page 127 and 128: 4.14 Attributes and Variables 107 c
Page 129 and 130: 4.14 Attributes and Variables 109 4
Page 131 and 132: 4.15 Operations, Services, Methods
Page 133 and 134: 4.15 Operations, Services, Methods
Page 135 and 136: 4.17 Summary 115 Accidental Propert
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Page 139 and 140: 5.2 Architecture 119 Requirements D
Page 141 and 142: 5.3 Design Philosophy 121 this. The
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Page 149 and 150: 5.7 Views 129 Management £ £ £ P
Page 151 and 152: 5.7 Views 131 Behaviour Behaviour U
Page 153 and 154: 5.8 Boundaries 133 5.8 Boundaries 5
Page 155 and 156: 5.8 Boundaries 135 x x Object A y z
Page 157 and 158: 5.8 Boundaries 137 x w w x Object A
Page 159 and 160: 5.8 Boundaries 139 In Chapter 10 we
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Page 165 and 166: 5.11 Summary 145 Behaviour Requirem
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Page 169 and 170: 6.2 Concurrency and Synchronisation
Page 177 and 178: 6.3 Communication 157 between proce
Page 179 and 180: 6.3 Communication 159 or to transfo
Page 181 and 182: 6.3 Communication 161 6.3.3.4 Messa
Page 183 and 184: 6.3 Communication 163 Synchronous m
Page 185 and 186: 6.3 Communication 165 channel-name
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Page 189 and 190: 6.3 Communication 169 statement aft
Page 191 and 192: 6.3 Communication 171 (normalCourse
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6.3 Communication 175 There is a gr
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6.3 Communication 177 process A pro
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6.3 Communication 179 Clocks An int
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6.3 Communication 181 whether the s
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6.3 Communication 183 6.3.9.4 Model
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6.3 Communication 185 6.3.10.2 Desc
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6.4 Distribution 187 force to take
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6.4 Distribution 189 is that the in
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6.4 Distribution 191 links to each
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6.4 Distribution 193 6.4.6 Distribu
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6.5 Scenarios 195 entities. This su
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6.5 Scenarios 197 startJob readyToA
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6.5 Scenarios 199 collection of tex
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 201 selection
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 203 processes
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 205 even for
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 207 with the
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 209 6.6.4 Sep
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 211 6.6.5 Mod
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 213 to pay at
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 215 A method
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 217 to happen
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 219 c a Multi
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 221 but not t
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6.7 Real-Time Modelling 223 claimed
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6.7 Real-Time Modelling 225 in the
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6.8 Summary 227 They can graphicall
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Chapter 7 Introduction to the Seman
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7.2 A Brief Language Characterisati
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7.3 The Role of Semantics 233 7.3 T
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7.4 Mathematical Preliminaries 235
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7.4 Mathematical Preliminaries 237
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7.5 Concluding Remarks 239 0 ¡ Bin
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Chapter 8 Data Part of POOSL Chapte
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8.3 Formal Syntax 243 runk, and cun
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8.4 Context Conditions 245 Further,
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8.5 A Computational Semantics 247 T
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8.5 A Computational Semantics 249 w
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8.5 A Computational Semantics 251 s
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8.6 Primitive deepCopy Messages 253
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8.6 Primitive deepCopy Messages 255
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8.7 Example: Complex Numbers 257 is
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8.8 Summary and Concluding Remarks
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Chapter 9 Process Part of POOSL Cha
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9.3 Formal Syntax 263 In almost any
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9.3 Formal Syntax 265 The fourth st
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9.3 Formal Syntax 267 call of the f
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9.4 Context Conditions 269 We are n
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9.5 A Computational Interleaving Se
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9.6 Example: A Simple Handshake Pro
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9.7 The Development of POOSL 291 is
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9.7 The Development of POOSL 293 da
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9.7 The Development of POOSL 295 e
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9.7 The Development of POOSL 297 Em
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9.7 The Development of POOSL 299 (o
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9.8 Summary 301 To prepare the deve
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Chapter 10 Behaviour-Preserving Tra
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10.2 Instance Structure Diagrams 30
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10.2 Instance Structure Diagrams 30
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10.3 Some Properties of Transformat
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10.4 A System of Basic Transformati
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10.5 Example: The Elevator Problem
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10.7 On the Fundamental Limitations
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10.7 On the Fundamental Limitations
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10.8 Summary 331 are transformation
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Chapter 11 SHE Framework Chapter 1
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11.2 SHE Context and Phases 335 Inf
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11.2 SHE Context and Phases 337 a p
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11.2 SHE Context and Phases 339 11.
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11.3 SHE Framework 341 the system.
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11.4 Essential Specification Modell
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11.5 Extended Specification Modelli
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Chapter 12 Case Study Chapter 1 Cha
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12.2 Initial Requirements Descripti
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12.3 The Essential Specification 37
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12.4 Towards an Extended Specificat
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12.5 Concluding Remarks 399 i1 DIST
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12.5 Concluding Remarks 401 Feeder
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Chapter 13 Conclusions and Future W
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13.2 P.H.A. van der Putten’s Cont
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13.2 P.H.A. van der Putten’s Cont
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13.4 Related Results 409 The notion
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Appendix A The POOSL Transition Sys
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A.1 The Data Part of POOSL 413 (12)
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A.2 The Process Part of POOSL 415 A
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A.2 The Process Part of POOSL 417 (
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A.2 The Process Part of POOSL 419 (
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A.2 The Process Part of POOSL 421 i
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Appendix B Proofs of Propositions a
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Proofs of Propositions and Transfor
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Appendix C Glossary of Symbols This
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Glossary of Symbols 437 267 Cp ¥¡
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References [AB90] P. America and F.
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REFERENCES 441 [C [C [C 86] B. Cohe
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REFERENCES 443 [Her90] A.J.H. Herbe
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REFERENCES 445 [MV93] S. Mauw and G
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REFERENCES 447 [vE89] P. van Eijk.
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Index abort, 297 abstract action so
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INDEX 451 strong, 190, 293 subsyste
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INDEX 453 delay, 178 do-statement,
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Summary This combined thesis descri
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Samenvatting Dit gecombineerde proe
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Curricula Vitae Piet van der Putten
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