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324 Behaviour-Preserving Transformations 10. To combine the various communication channels we apply transformation 10 to the complete specification. 6 is used several times to distribute the applied channel renaming function over each component of the specification. Unfortunately, in a number of application steps of 6 transformation condition NoComChange¡ is not satisfied 4 . In these steps condition NoComChange itself has to be applied. It is a tedious exercise, but it can be shown that NoComChange is indeed satisfied in each step. To simplify the resulting channel renaming functions, we repeatedly apply 1, 4 and 5. The resulting Instance Structure Diagram is given in Figure 10.3. 11. A number of process objects of Figure 10.3 contain different channels that are externally mapped onto the same channel. For example, each FloorPassengerImage has internal channels fpsl and fpsi (the inner names are fpsl and fpsi). Externally, these channels are renamed to fpcc (the outer names are both fpcc). Using transformation 14 it is possible to carry the renaming through internally. Consider the topmost instance of process class FloorPassengerImage. Its behaviour specification is given by FloorPassengerImage (¡ FPI¡ ¡ 0¡ ). We apply 14 with C b 1 = FloorPassengerImage, f1 = fpcc/fpsl,fpcc/fpsi,fpfp0/fpfp, C b 2 = FloorPassengerImage1, f2 = fpcc/fpsi,fpfp0/fpfp, ch fpsl and ch¡ fpcc. The transformed specification then becomes FloorPassengerImage1 (¡ FPI¡ ¡ 0¡ ) § fpcc© fpsi¥ fpfp0© fpfp , where Floor- PassengerImage1 is a newly defined process class that is added by means of 12. When 14 is applied again, this specification transforms into FloorPassengerImage2 (¡ FPI¡ ¡ 0¡ ) § fpfp0© fpfp , where FloorPassengerImage2 is yet another process class. In a similar way, each remaining FloorPassengerImage is replaced by a corresponding FloorPassengerImage2 process. We then use 12 to eliminate process classes FloorPassengerImage and FloorPassengerImage1. Finally, process class FloorPassengerImage2 is renamed to FloorPassengerImage by 15. In an analogous way the instances of process classes ElevatorPassengerImage and ElevatorMechanismHandler are modified. 4 This problem is caused by the weakly distributed nature of the elevator specification.
10.5 Example: The Elevator Problem 325 Overweight Sensor ('OS'+'0') osos0 osos emem Over weight Sensor Image ('OSI'+'0') ecem Elevator Mechanism Handler ('EMH'+'0') Floor Sensors ('0') Elevator Motor Image ('EMI'+'0') ecos mhmi Elevator Motor Elevators Control Module Elevator Motor ('EM'+'0') emem0 Control Module('0') Individual Elevator ('0') Central Controller Operator Audible Alarm ('AA'+'0') Audible Alarm Image ('AAI'+'0') Doors Image ('DI'+'0') Elevator Passenger Image ('EPI'+'0') aamh dimh emep ElevatorCage fpcc Doors ('D'+'0') ControlModule('0') FloorPassenger InterfaceModule('0') fpcc Floor Passenger Image ('FPI'+'0') fpfp fpfp0 fpfp39 ... Floor Passenger ('EP'+'0') Elevator Passenger ('EP'+'0') Figure 10.4: Instance Structure Diagram of the Transformed Elevator Specification 12. The final step consists of making clusters of groups of instances. Consider the topmost OverweightSensorImage and the topmost ElevatorMotorImage of Figure 10.3. We will group them into a cluster of a new cluster class ElevatorMotorControlModule. We first apply transformations 2 and 3 to rearrange the behaviour specification of the system in such a way that the OverweightSensorImage and the ElevatorMotorImage are put side by side. The resulting behaviour specification then contains expression OverweightSensor (¡ OWS¡ ¡ 0¡ ) § ecem© ecos¥ osos0© osos ¢ ElevatorMotorImage (¡ EMI¡ ¡ 0¡ ) § ecem© mhmi¥ emem0© emem . Using 5 we transform it into OverweightSensor (¡ OWS¡ ¡ 0¡ ) § ecem© ecos¤§ osos0© osos¤¢ ElevatorMotorImage (¡ EMI¡ ¡ 0¡ ) § ecem© mhmi § emem0© emem . Then we apply 4 and obtain OverweightSensor (¡ OWS¡ ¡ 0¡ ) § ecem© ecos § emem0© emem¥ osos0© osos ¢ ElevatorMotorImage (¡ EMI¡ ¡ 0¡ ) § ecem© mhmi § emem0© emem¥ osos0© osos . The application of 6 (with condition NoComChange¡ ) yields (OverweightSensor (¡ OWS¡ ¡ 0¡ ) § ecem© ecos ¢ ElevatorMotorImage (¡ EMI¡ ¡ 0¡ ) § ecem© mhmi ) § emem0© emem¥ osos0© osos . Finally we apply transformation 13 to create a new cluster class. It is defined by
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Specification of Reactive Hardware/
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to Leny, Inge and our parents
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Contents Acknowledgements v 1 Intro
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CONTENTS ix 4.6.5 Aggregate Semanti
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CONTENTS xi 6 Modelling of Concurre
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CONTENTS xiii 6.6.7.2 System Specif
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CONTENTS xv 11.4.2.3 Requirements C
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List of Figures 1.1 Chapter Overvie
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LIST OF FIGURES xix 6.16 Strongly D
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Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Objectiv
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1.1 Objectives 3 understood and sti
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1.1 Objectives 5 Informal and Forma
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1.2 Thesis Organisation 7 Chapter 1
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1.2 Thesis Organisation 9 Recommend
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Chapter 2 On Specification of React
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2.3 Specifications, Models and View
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2.4 Specification Languages, Formal
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2.4 Specification Languages, Formal
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2.5 Modelling Concepts 23 entirety.
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2.5 Modelling Concepts 25 Tradition
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2.6 Activity Frameworks for Specifi
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2.6 Activity Frameworks for Specifi
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2.7 Summary 31 offer many guideline
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Chapter 3 Concepts for Analysis, Sp
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3.3 Concepts 35 3. creation of a sy
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3.5 Combining Compatible Concepts 3
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 39 3.
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 41 Th
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 43 ac
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 45 ac
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 47 wa
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 49 Ge
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3.6 Practical Use of Concepts 51 Re
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3.7 Summary and Concluding Remarks
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Chapter 4 Abstraction of a Problem
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4.1 Introduction 57 earlier phase t
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4.2 Objects 59 An object can mean t
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4.2 Objects 61 wonder what other ob
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4.3 Classes 63 A message interface
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4.3 Classes 65 Class B Attributes M
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4.4 Data Objects and Process Object
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4.5 Clusters 79 flows. Clusters ena
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4.6 Aggregates 81 Therefore a compl
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4.6 Aggregates 83 4.6.4 Clustered A
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4.6 Aggregates 85 An old philosophi
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4.7 Identity and Object Identifiers
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4.8 Properties of Composites 89 for
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4.8 Properties of Composites 91 com
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4.8 Properties of Composites 93 Whe
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4.8 Properties of Composites 95 In
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4.9 Channel Hiding 97 Servant A Sup
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4.11 Composites and Hierarchies 99
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4.12 Object Variety 101 Part class
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4.13 Object Class Models 103 Anothe
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4.13 Object Class Models 105 of obj
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4.14 Attributes and Variables 107 c
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4.14 Attributes and Variables 109 4
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4.15 Operations, Services, Methods
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4.15 Operations, Services, Methods
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4.17 Summary 115 Accidental Propert
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Chapter 5 Concepts for the Integrat
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5.2 Architecture 119 Requirements D
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5.3 Design Philosophy 121 this. The
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5.4 Essential Model and Extended Mo
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5.4 Essential Model and Extended Mo
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5.6 Architecture and Implementation
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5.7 Views 129 Management £ £ £ P
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5.7 Views 131 Behaviour Behaviour U
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5.8 Boundaries 133 5.8 Boundaries 5
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5.8 Boundaries 135 x x Object A y z
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5.8 Boundaries 137 x w w x Object A
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5.8 Boundaries 139 In Chapter 10 we
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5.9 Transformations 141 The modific
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5.10 Formalisation 143 Level 1 Leve
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5.11 Summary 145 Behaviour Requirem
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Chapter 6 Modelling of Concurrent R
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6.2 Concurrency and Synchronisation
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6.3 Communication 157 between proce
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6.3 Communication 159 or to transfo
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6.3 Communication 161 6.3.3.4 Messa
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6.3 Communication 163 Synchronous m
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6.3 Communication 165 channel-name
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6.3 Communication 167 can be descri
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6.3 Communication 169 statement aft
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6.3 Communication 171 (normalCourse
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6.3 Communication 173 ∞ client re
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6.3 Communication 175 There is a gr
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6.3 Communication 177 process A pro
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6.3 Communication 179 Clocks An int
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6.3 Communication 181 whether the s
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6.3 Communication 183 6.3.9.4 Model
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6.3 Communication 185 6.3.10.2 Desc
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6.4 Distribution 187 force to take
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6.4 Distribution 189 is that the in
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6.4 Distribution 191 links to each
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6.4 Distribution 193 6.4.6 Distribu
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6.5 Scenarios 195 entities. This su
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6.5 Scenarios 197 startJob readyToA
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6.5 Scenarios 199 collection of tex
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 201 selection
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 203 processes
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 205 even for
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 207 with the
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 209 6.6.4 Sep
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 211 6.6.5 Mod
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 213 to pay at
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 215 A method
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 217 to happen
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 219 c a Multi
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6.6 Dynamic Behaviour 221 but not t
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6.7 Real-Time Modelling 223 claimed
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6.7 Real-Time Modelling 225 in the
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6.8 Summary 227 They can graphicall
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Chapter 7 Introduction to the Seman
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7.2 A Brief Language Characterisati
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7.3 The Role of Semantics 233 7.3 T
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7.4 Mathematical Preliminaries 235
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7.4 Mathematical Preliminaries 237
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7.5 Concluding Remarks 239 0 ¡ Bin
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Chapter 8 Data Part of POOSL Chapte
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8.3 Formal Syntax 243 runk, and cun
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8.4 Context Conditions 245 Further,
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8.5 A Computational Semantics 247 T
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8.5 A Computational Semantics 249 w
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8.5 A Computational Semantics 251 s
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8.6 Primitive deepCopy Messages 253
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8.6 Primitive deepCopy Messages 255
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8.7 Example: Complex Numbers 257 is
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8.8 Summary and Concluding Remarks
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Chapter 9 Process Part of POOSL Cha
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9.3 Formal Syntax 263 In almost any
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9.3 Formal Syntax 265 The fourth st
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9.3 Formal Syntax 267 call of the f
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9.4 Context Conditions 269 We are n
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9.5 A Computational Interleaving Se
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Page 351 and 352: 10.8 Summary 331 are transformation
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Page 355 and 356: 11.2 SHE Context and Phases 335 Inf
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Page 361 and 362: 11.3 SHE Framework 341 the system.
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Chapter 12 Case Study Chapter 1 Cha
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12.2 Initial Requirements Descripti
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12.3 The Essential Specification 37
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12.4 Towards an Extended Specificat
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12.5 Concluding Remarks 399 i1 DIST
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12.5 Concluding Remarks 401 Feeder
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Chapter 13 Conclusions and Future W
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13.2 P.H.A. van der Putten’s Cont
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13.2 P.H.A. van der Putten’s Cont
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13.4 Related Results 409 The notion
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Appendix A The POOSL Transition Sys
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A.1 The Data Part of POOSL 413 (12)
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A.2 The Process Part of POOSL 415 A
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A.2 The Process Part of POOSL 417 (
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A.2 The Process Part of POOSL 419 (
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A.2 The Process Part of POOSL 421 i
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Appendix B Proofs of Propositions a
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Proofs of Propositions and Transfor
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Appendix C Glossary of Symbols This
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Glossary of Symbols 437 267 Cp ¥¡
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References [AB90] P. America and F.
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REFERENCES 441 [C [C [C 86] B. Cohe
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REFERENCES 443 [Her90] A.J.H. Herbe
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REFERENCES 445 [MV93] S. Mauw and G
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REFERENCES 447 [vE89] P. van Eijk.
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Index abort, 297 abstract action so
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INDEX 451 strong, 190, 293 subsyste
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INDEX 453 delay, 178 do-statement,
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Summary This combined thesis descri
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Samenvatting Dit gecombineerde proe
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Curricula Vitae Piet van der Putten
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