This environmental impact assessment for Kriegers flak ... - Vattenfall

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place from certain points at Gotland, Öland, Blekinge and Skåne and that during spring an in-ß ight from the south takes place at more wide spread areas along the Swedish coast (Ahlén 1997, 2002). At the out-ß ight points there are occasional amassment of bats waiting for improved weather conditions. At the south coast of Skåne many bats track out of from Falsterbo and there are migrating species along the entire coast. The existence of migrating bats in the chosen area has, on behalf of Sweden Offshore, been researched by Mr Ingmar Ahlén. With the planned geographical position of the wind farm in mind and the ß ight directions of the bats, the bat expert Ingmar Ahlén, in conjunction with other bat experts along the south coast of Skåne, is of the opinion that only the conditions at Smygehuk and its surroundings would be of interest to study closer in order to Þ nd out whether ß ights take place or not. At these investigations, see Appendix 9.1, nothing was discovered indicating ß ights from Smygehuk and therefore no signiÞ cant ß ights are considered to cross the planned area. PRESENTATION OF THE AREA 101 There are no surveys indicating from where inß ights originate, but according to Ingmar Ahlén, it is likely that the bats ß y across from Rügen and Mön. It is not known whether these ß ights pass Kriegers Flak. Satellite tracking of Grey seal (red marking) and Harbour seal (blue marking) 11.6.5 Marine Mammals Three species of seals and one of whale regularly occur in the Baltic. The three species of seal occurring in the Baltic are grey seal, Halichoerus grypus, ringed seal, Phoca hispida and harbour seal, Phoca vitulina. The ringed seal only occurs in the eastern part of the Baltic and is therefore of no interest to study for the planned wind farm. The only species of whale living in the Baltic is the porpoise, Phocoena phosoena. The numbers of grey seal, ringed seal and porpoise are mainly threatened by pollution and of getting caught in Þ shing nets. The number of seals in the southwest Baltic is well surveyed, see picture below. Extensive surveys have been carried out by IfAÖ on behalf of the Group on seals and porpoises in connec-
102 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA tion with studies of staging birds at Kriegers Flak. These investigations ran for two years between April 2002 and March 2004. An area of 505km² was surveyed from ships at 35 occasions with a distance of four km between the transections. Mammals have also been surveyed by aeroplanes 21 times within an area of 560 km2, with a distance of two km between transactions. In order to register possible existence of porpoises, click-detectors of the type T-POD were at 15 occasions positioned between one to three days from an anchored ship during a total of 36 days. During the whole period only three porpoises and three grey seals were observed at Kriegers Flak. No harbour seals were observed during the two year long survey. An extensive literature study of grey seal, harbour seal and porpoises has been made in connection with the above study by IfAÖ and the result thereof, together with the investigations, are presented below. 11.6.5.1 Grey Seal The grey seal is the biggest of the Swedish seal species. It can reach three metres and weigh 300 kg. Females are smaller than the males and can reach a length of 2 metres and weigh up to 200 kg. The grey seal gives a grey impression with a lighter belly. The proÞ le of the head is the most distinct feature in comparison with other seals, with a straight line from head to nose, which is quite long. The grey seal reaches an age of 25-35 years in wild conditions and up to 40 years in captivity. The natural habitat of the grey seal is concentrated to the north-eastern Baltic and at the beginning of the 20th century there were about 100 000 in the area. Since the grey seal competes with the Þ shermen for Þ sh, it was pursued early on and the numbers declined rapidly. In the middle of the 1980s’ the total number was estimated to 1 500 individuals. The population thereafter increased largely and was 7500 individuals in 1999 (Sundberg & Söderman 1999). The population along the Swedish south coast, Skåne, Småland and Gotland, is estimated to 200 individuals (Helander & Häkönen). At Falsterbo, there is a population of grey seals, which was counted from land in 1996 and estimated to 50 animals (Tielman & Heide-Jörgensen 2001). In Danish waters 12 grey seals were observed during 2000 at Rödsand (Tielman & Heide-Jörgensen 2001). During the autumn 2000, also grey seal cubs were identiÞ ed. It is unclear if they stem from Rödsand or Falsterbo. In 1990 grey seals had a resting place at Saltholm in Öresund but when counting from the air in 2000, no seals could be detected (Tielman & Heide-Jörgensen 2001). Along the German Baltic coast there are no colonies or resting places of grey seal as the grey seal was extinguished in Germany during the 1920’s. By monitoring grey seals with an implanted satellite transmitter, it has been possible to conÞ rm that 95% of grey seals move within an area with a radius of 36–196 km from the resting place at the western tip of Rödsand, see red markings in the Þ gure on page 101. The grey seal wanders in the Baltic were it regularly crosses the Arcona Basin and is therefore assumed to move in the waters at Kriegers Flak. The three observed grey seals at Kriegers Flak probably belong to the population based at Falsterbo since this is closer to Kriegers Flak than Rödsand. Grey seal uses areas close to the cost as well as areas further out at sea for locating food. Kriegers Flak could potentially be a food retrieving area for seals from Falsterbo but as so few seals have been spotted there, it is not very likely. The reason for this is probably the intense trafÞ c in the area around Kriegers Flak (60 000 ships a year, Þ shing and leisure boats not included).
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This environmental impact assessmen
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Sweden Offshore Wind AB Hammarby Fa
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CONTENTS 8.3 Comparative discussion
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CONTENTS 12.10 Recreation and outdo
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6 PREAMBLE AND READER NOTES 1. Prea
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8 PREAMBLE AND READER NOTES Here, t
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10 SUMMARY 2. Summary Introduction
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12 SUMMARY any protected values or
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Background
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have less impact on the landscape p
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Consultation Report
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through Ms. Eva-Lena Olsson and Mr.
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Description of the Wind Farm
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5.2. Localisation The designated ar
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As examples, the technique behind t
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not yet been tested by the wind pow
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) Biological surveys Extensive inve
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During the construction phase, the
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The wind turbines emit an aerodynam
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trical and will therefore not conta
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Project economics
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Time table
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Alternative locations
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there are technical and economic li
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Miscellaneous An application for th
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ased on data measured in 2003. Cond
Page 54 and 55: heritage, meaning that any exploita
Page 56 and 57: mentary seabed is mobile due to ice
Page 58 and 59: Alternative layout/scope
Page 60 and 61: sary. An example that has been stud
Page 62 and 63: The Zero Alternative
Page 64: • The mining of approximately 840
Page 67 and 68: 64 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA 11. Pre
Page 69 and 70: 66 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA 11.1.1
Page 71 and 72: 68 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA varies
Page 73 and 74: 70 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA 1995).
Page 75 and 76: 72 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA cont. f
Page 77 and 78: 74 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA The win
Page 79 and 80: 76 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA Month T
Page 81 and 82: 78 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA Species
Page 83 and 84: 80 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA regular
Page 85 and 86: 82 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA The cod
Page 87 and 88: 84 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA 11.6.3
Page 89 and 90: 86 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA Distrib
Page 91 and 92: 88 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA to acqu
Page 93 and 94: 90 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA Of the
Page 95 and 96: 92 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA Bird sp
Page 97 and 98: 94 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA Night a
Page 99 and 100: 96 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA d) Surv
Page 101 and 102: 98 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA During
Page 103: 100 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA Indivi
Page 107 and 108: 104 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA In the
Page 109 and 110: 106 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA Since
Page 111 and 112: 108 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA Shippi
Page 113 and 114: 110 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA 11.11.
Page 115 and 116: 112 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA These
Page 117 and 118: 114 PRESENTATION OF THE AREA to pre
Page 119 and 120: 116 CONSEQUENSES OF THE WIND FARM 1
Page 121 and 122: 118 CONSEQUENSES OF THE WIND FARM I
Page 129 and 130: 126 CONSEQUENSES OF THE WIND FARM s
Page 131 and 132: 128 CONSEQUENSES OF THE WIND FARM
Page 135 and 136: 132 CONSEQUENSES OF THE WIND FARM J
Page 139 and 140: 136 CONSEQUENSES OF THE WIND FARM c
Page 141 and 142: 138 CONSEQUENSES OF THE WIND FARM A
Page 143 and 144: 140 CONSEQUENSES OF THE WIND FARM I
Page 145 and 146: 142 CONSEQUENSES OF THE WIND FARM p
Page 152 and 153: Cumulative effects
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and the track at low visibility is
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13.3 Current conditions/ saltwater
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Control program
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14.2 Fish The wind farm’s possibl
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Collected judgement
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15.3.2 The operational phase The fa
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164 CABLE LAYING 16. Cable laying I
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166 CABLE LAYING 16.2 Design The tr
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168 CABLE LAYING There will be rest
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170 BIBLIOGRAPHY 17. Bibliography A
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172 BIBLIOGRAPHY ratoriet, Lysekil.
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174 FTABLE OF ATTACHMENTS 19. Table
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1 Wind farm, view from Trelleborg,
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Wind farm, view from Trelleborg, 30
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Wind farm, view from ships bridge,
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7 Wind farm, view from Møn, 30 km,
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9 Wind farm, view from Rügen, 42 k
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