This environmental impact assessment for Kriegers flak ... - Vattenfall

26 DESCRIPTION OF THE WIND FARM
Denmark but it also stretches into the German and the
Swedish EEZ.
The designated area for the wind farm lies outside of
Swedish territorial waters but inside the EEZ where it
borders to the German and Danish EEZ.
The nearest landmass in Sweden is Trelleborg
(about 30 km), in Denmark Mön (about 34 km) and in
Germany Rügen (about 40 km).
The total area of the wind farm will maximum be 6
km x 12.5 km. The coordinates and the corresponding
reference points are described in appendix 2.1.
5.3. Placing of the turbines
The distance between the turbines will be determined
during the detailed development work. Several different
conÞ gurations have been discussed and the relevant
distances between the turbines in a row/distances
between rows, were at that time 575/900 metres and
800/900 metres respectively.
The turbines should, generally speaking, be erected
where the lowest water depth is present on the site, as
this is a condition for a cost effective placement of the
turbines. The Þ nal micrositing will have to consider the
so-called wind-shadow. The turbines should, therefore,
not be placed too close as they would otherwise steal
wind from each other.
During the micrositing process, emphasis will also
be on a conÞ guration that will result in the lowest possible
impact on the salt water seabed-current.
5.4. Layout
5.4.1 The wind Turbines
A wind turbine consists of a rotor, a nacelle and a
tower.
The rotor has three blades of about 65 metres length
each, which are mounted on a hub. When the wind
passes the rotor, the kinetic energy of the air is converted
to a torque along the main shaft. The electricity
Example of positioning of 128 wind turbines (the coloured
areas mark 20, 25, 35, and > 40 metres depth)
production is regulated by changing the angle of the
blades.
The nacelle is placed on top of the tower and it contains
various components and systems, for example the
rotor shaft, the generator and the gearbox.
The tower consists of two steel sections that are
screwed together. The height of the tower will be about
100 metres and the diameter about 7 metres.
The maximum total height of the wind turbine
(the tip of the highest rotor blade) will be 170 metres
(height above mean water level).
Lightning conductors will be attached to the rotor
blades thus allowing the wind turbines to safely
discharge any lightening down into the seabed without
damage to the equipment or to humans.
The planned, rated capacity of the turbines is 5 MW
each. There are currently three 5 MW prototypes in
the market but serial production of any of these has not
yet started. During the late autumn 2004, the turbine
manufacturer RePower Systems erected a 5 MW prototype
in Brunnsbüttel, Germany. Enercon has installed
a 4.5 MW turbine in Emden, Germany. Furthermore,
Multibrid in Bremerhafen, Germany, has built a 5 MW
prototype for offshore use. Discussions have been initiated
with several manufacturers, amongst others with
RePower, Vestas, Enercon, GE Wind Energy, Nordex
and Bonus (Siemens).