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Daimler 360 GRAD - FAKTEN zur Nachhaltigkeit 2008 Daimler Nachhaltigkeitsbericht 2008 / Environmental protection, innovation, and safety / Innovation, development and safety / Sustainable mobility strategy for commercial vehicles / Hybrid drives in commercial vehicles* Hybrid drives in commercial vehicles: Our models in tests and in day-to-day operation* With 1,500 Orion VII HybriDrive city buses already on the road in North America, 460 pending delivery, and new orders of 1,100 units, Orion has received 2,600 orders since the launch of the Orion hybrid bus in 2003. That makes Daimler Buses the world's leading supplier of hybrid buses worldwide. The Mitsubishi Fuso Aero low-floor hybrid buses are already in regular service in three Japanese cities. At the end of September 2007, Mitsubishi Fuso presented the second generation under the name Aero Star Eco Hybrid. Daimler Buses is implementing a technologically pioneering hybrid system in the low-floor Citaro G BlueTec Hybrid articulated bus. Rather than providing continuous driving power, the bus’s diesel engine operates as a generator to produce electrical power when required. The electrical power is stored in lithium-ion batteries mounted on the roof of the Citaro. In addition, the energy recovered from braking is stored in the batteries as well. The actual drive power to the wheels of the bus is provided by four electric wheel hub motors on the center and rear axles of the vehicle. The energy recovered from braking when approaching bus stops or red lights is used to start up the vehicle again and to supply the bus with power when it is stationary. As a result, the hybrid bus can run solely on electricity and therefore operate almost emission-free and with far less noise when it is stationary, waiting at bus stops, or accelerating. The aim of this innovation is to allow the Citaro G BlueTec Hybrid to cover almost half of its demanding inner-city route while running solely on electricity and without switching on its diesel engine. Depending on how the vehicle is used, the developers expect the Citaro G BlueTec Hybrid to consume between about 20 and 30 percent less fuel than a conventional diesel-powered bus. The vehicle will make its regular-service debut with a customer later this year, and is scheduled to go into series production in 2009. A hybrid version of a Thomas Built school bus, the Saf-T-Liner C2 Hybrid, will be launched on the North American market in 2009. Short-radius distribution. Our development activities in this area focus on further reducing fuel consumption and drastically lowering emissions for vehicles that are used all over the world in inner-city areas with particularly limited access for traffic. Around 200 Mitsubishi Fuso Canter Eco Hybrid light trucks have rolled off the assembly line since the vehicle was first presented in summer 2006. This vehicle is the first light truck to comply with Japan’s stringent emissions standards. In addition, the truck is extremely fuel-efficient, consuming around 20 percent less fuel than if it were equipped with a comparable diesel engine. The Canter Eco Hybrid achieves this high fuel efficiency by switching between operating modes, depending on the driving situation. The electric motor is used to get the truck moving, and the diesel engine kicks in during rapid acceleration. The diesel engine is also responsible for driving power when the truck rolls along at a steady rate. The Mercedes-Benz Atego BlueTec Hybrid 7.5 t introduced in 2007 is equipped with the same power train as the Fuso Eco Canter. In early 2008, two of these vehicles were transferred to the delivery company DHL for customer testing. The developers expect the truck to achieve fuel savings of up to 20 percent. The medium-duty Freightliner M2 Hybrid truck combines a compact Mercedes-Benz six-cylinder inline engine with an electric motor. The vehicle not only uses the drive system’s electric motor as an alternative or to complement the engine, but also as a power source for the accessory units. The system can achieve fuel savings of between 25 and 30 percent. Freightliner currently plans to produce 150 hybrid M2s this year, with series production commencing in 2009. The Mercedes-Benz Atego BlueTec Hybrid 12 t combines the electric motor from the Freightliner M2 with a Mercedes-Benz four-cylinder diesel engine. * Content on this page is available exclusively on the Internet.
Daimler 360 GRAD - FAKTEN zur Nachhaltigkeit 2008 Daimler Nachhaltigkeitsbericht 2008 / Environmental protection, innovation, and safety / Innovation, development and safety / Fuels for the future Fuels for the future: New fuels will replace fossil fuels High-quality and alternative fuels represent a further component in the effort to achieve an optimal environmental balance for the overall drive system. Our path to the fuel of the future will take us from clean conventional fuels to second-generation synthetic biofuels and the use of hydrogen to power fuel cell drive systems. Bioethanol and biodiesel as additives. The current practice of blending fossil fuels and crop-derived fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel is already helping to enhance the environmental balance sheet for road traffic. Daimler has committed itself to supporting activities that exploit the potential of biofuels more consistently than has previously been the case. More specifically, Daimler is committed to creating technologies which ensure that vehicles can run on fuels with up to 10 percent of biofuel admixtures. All of the gasoline engines in our current Mercedes-Benz and smart models are already suitable for operation with biogenic fuels containing up to 10 percent ethanol (E10). Plans call for such fuels to be introduced in Germany in mid-2008. By far the majority of all older Mercedes-Benz and smart models can also run on E10 fuel. Excluded here are vehicles with firstgeneration four-cylinder gasoline direct injection engines from the years 2002–2005. Also excluded are models produced ex works without a three-way catalytic converter, or with a carburetor. These vehicles are generally more than 23 years old. Biomass-to-liquid (BTL) – the second, latest generation of biofuels. The testing of Mercedes-Benz diesel engines has shown that switching to synthetic fuels such as BTL would reduce particulate emissions by as much as 30 percent and cut emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons by up to 90 percent. BTL fuels are manufactured through the gasification of all types of biogenic waste materials, which means that their production does not compete with food crop cultivation. BTL fuels can also be used with all current and future diesel engines without any need for retrofitting. Daimler and Volkswagen have been shareholders in CHOREN Industries GmbH in Freiberg, Germany, since October 2007. CHOREN is pursuing the market introduction of climate-friendly second-generation synthetic biofuels produced through gasification. CHOREN developed SunDiesel ® fuel, which has a high cetane number and thus delivers much better ignition performance than conventional diesel. SunDiesel ® is completely free of sulfur and aromatics and significantly reduces pollutant emissions. SunDiesel ® can also be used without any adjustment of existing infrastructure or engine systems, and the fuel is largely CO 2 -neutral as well. The environmental “balance sheet” of SunDiesel shows that, compared to conventional fuels, as much as 90 percent of CO 2 emissions can be prevented along the entire BTL value chain comprising cultivation, fuel production, and use. Mercedes-Benz intends to fill the tanks of all new diesel vehicles leaving its production plants with SunDiesel ® as soon as an adequate supply of the fuel is available. CHOREN commissioned the world’s first commercially operated BTL production facility in April 2008. When it reaches full capacity, the plant, which is located in the German state of Saxony, will produce 18 million liters of BTL fuel per year. That’s enough to fill the tanks of 15,000 passenger cars. A second facility with an annual capacity of 250 million liters is now being planned. Hydrogen – the fuel of the future. Before the fuel cell drive can be brought to market, progress has to be made regarding the production of hydrogen from renewable sources and the establishment of a suitable hydrogen supply infrastructure. Both of these tasks call for extensive cooperation between governments, the oil industry, the energy sector, and other potential investors. In order to promote such an effort, Daimler is taking part in the Clean Energy Partnership (CEP) in Europe.
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