(PESIA) Weg naar Zee 2D Seismic - Staatsolie

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P-all consultants Staatsolie Maatschappij Suriname N.V. PESIA Weg naar Zee 2D Seismic 2012 Along the southern and eastern swamp boundaries some water pollution could occur due to human activities in neighboring dry land areas. But these activities, that are predominantly agriculture, are limited in scale, and polluting agents are expected to be biologically degraded very quickly. Therefore the water quality in the Wetland Area is considered as to reflect natural conditions for the most of its extent. Water sampling in the swamp area approved this. The waterways in the Dry land Area discharge water from residential and human-use activities as agricultural and industrial. However, the impact of industries is expected to be very limited as almost no factories are visible in the area. The waterways can be polluted by substances released from these sources. 4.3 THE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT 4.3.1 VEGETATION Records of the natural vegetation of the study area are available from the Western Wayambo Swamp, the coast north of the Polder Weg naar Zee and from the adjacent eastern areas (Gummels area). These records were made in 1975 to support the ecosystem mapping of Northern Suriname (Teunissen, 1978). At that time, the entire Wayambo Swamp was only accessible along two canals (so-called fish holes): the Durga Canal (at that time being excavated) and along the canal of the "NV Zwampexploitatie Maatschappij" (ZEM), also known as "fish hole Fräser". From these early records, 13 study sites are located in still existing wetlands, while one was located in the ridge forest, now partly cleared to construct the Ensberg airstrip. For the Environmental Baseline Study of the northern Tambaredjo area (IBT Engineering Consultants, 1999) and the Environmental Impact Statement for the Wayambo Swamp (E2 CANADA & GOLDER, 2000), additional vegetation plots were recorded along the Durga Canal, the Calor Canal and the Van Dijk Canal. All (56) available records of the Wayambo Swamp were published in the above Impact Statement (E2 CANADA & GOLDER, 2000): the complete summary of the records is provided in Appendix A, while a map of record locations are shown in Appendix B, Figure B.1. of the PEIA study of Noordam and Teunissen (2007/2008). Of the present wetland study area (the eastern extension of the Wayambo swamp) only the edges are accessible (along the east side of the Van Dijk Canal, the north side of the Okrodam ridge between Pomona and the Henri Fernandesweg and along the Henri Fernandesweg itself). From aerial photos (CBL, 1971-73; Lufthansa 2001), satellite imagery (LANDSAT 2002, Google Earth 2005) and fly-overs from Teunissen (2000-2007) there is no reason to assume that the range and zoning of the vegetation types in the Eastern Wayambo Swamp differ from the those in the adjacent better known Western Wayambo Swamp. For the Environmental Impact Statement for the Wayambo Swamp (E2 CANADA & GOLDER, 2000), a vegetation map is presented for the Western Wayambo Swamp between Sara Maria and the boundary between the Saramacca and Wanica District (5 th Rijweg), see Figure 4.8.1 of mentioned report. The LANDSAT 2002 and Google Earth 2009 imagery was used to map the present study area. 46
P-all consultants Staatsolie Maatschappij Suriname N.V. PESIA Weg naar Zee 2D Seismic 2012 Figure 8 shows the vegetation map of the area between the Van Dijk Canal and the Henri Fernandesweg. The vegetation of the adjacent Dry land Area (inhabited and cultivated ridges and polders) has not been mapped. Figure 8 Vegetation map of the Wayambo Swamp between the Van Dijk Canal and the Henri Fernandesweg (Weg naar Zee); based upon LANDSAT 2002). Source: Noordam and Teunissen 2007/2008. 47
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(PESIA) Weg naar Zee 2D Seismic - Staatsolie

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